© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.


VolumeVolume VolumeVolume

is the amount of space occupied by an object


(like a brick)

To know the volume of a solid rectangular prism


1. Measure the dimensions 1. Measure the dimensions of the rectangular prism.of the rectangular prism.1. Measure the dimensions 1. Measure the dimensions of the rectangular prism.of the rectangular prism.

LengthLength

WidthWidth

HeightHeight


Length

Width

Height


2. Multiply the three dimensions 2. Multiply the three dimensions and their units together.and their units together.2. Multiply the three dimensions 2. Multiply the three dimensions and their units together.and their units together.

Length X Width X Height = Volume


For the brick, the For the brick, the units are units are

centimeters (cm).centimeters (cm).

For the brick, the For the brick, the units are units are

centimeters (cm).centimeters (cm).

Therefore, the units for Therefore, the units for volume are expressed in volume are expressed in

cubic centimeters or cubic centimeters or cmcm33..

Therefore, the units for Therefore, the units for volume are expressed in volume are expressed in

cubic centimeters or cubic centimeters or cmcm33..


To find out how much a To find out how much a truck or box car will truck or box car will

hold,hold,

To find out how much a To find out how much a truck or box car will truck or box car will

hold,hold,measure the dimensions using measure the dimensions using

larger units - meters.larger units - meters.measure the dimensions using measure the dimensions using

larger units - meters.larger units - meters.

Therefore, the volume is Therefore, the volume is expressed in cubic meters, expressed in cubic meters,

mm33..

Therefore, the volume is Therefore, the volume is expressed in cubic meters, expressed in cubic meters,

mm33..


(Like a rock)

To measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object


20

60

100

140

1. Get a graduated 1. Get a graduated cylinder in which the cylinder in which the irregular object will irregular object will easily fit.easily fit.

1. Get a graduated 1. Get a graduated cylinder in which the cylinder in which the irregular object will irregular object will easily fit.easily fit.2. Pour water into the 2. Pour water into the cylinder to half the total cylinder to half the total volume the cylinder can volume the cylinder can hold. hold.

2. Pour water into the 2. Pour water into the cylinder to half the total cylinder to half the total volume the cylinder can volume the cylinder can hold. hold.

80 mL

3. Record the volume of 3. Record the volume of water.water.3. Record the volume of 3. Record the volume of water.water.


20

60

100

140

80 mL

4. Drop the object 4. Drop the object gently into the cylinder.gently into the cylinder.4. Drop the object 4. Drop the object gently into the cylinder.gently into the cylinder.

5. Record the new 5. Record the new volume.volume.5. Record the new 5. Record the new volume.volume.

120 mL

6. Subtract the old 6. Subtract the old volume from the new volume from the new volume.volume.

6. Subtract the old 6. Subtract the old volume from the new volume from the new volume.volume.

40 mL

-or--or-


1. Securely tie a 1. Securely tie a string around the string around the rock.rock.

1. Securely tie a 1. Securely tie a string around the string around the rock.rock.

20

60

100

140

80 mL

2. Record the volume 2. Record the volume of water.of water.2. Record the volume 2. Record the volume of water.of water.


3. Carefully sink the 3. Carefully sink the object into the object into the cylinder until it is cylinder until it is completely covered completely covered with water.with water.

3. Carefully sink the 3. Carefully sink the object into the object into the cylinder until it is cylinder until it is completely covered completely covered with water.with water.

140

4. Record the 4. Record the volume.volume.4. Record the 4. Record the volume.volume.

100

20

60

5. Subtract the 5. Subtract the original volume from original volume from the new volume.the new volume.

5. Subtract the 5. Subtract the original volume from original volume from the new volume.the new volume.

6. Express the 6. Express the volume in mL.volume in mL.6. Express the 6. Express the volume in mL.volume in mL.


a measurement of the amount of matter in an object.

Rock

Sponge

Mass is defined as


That is, they take up about the same amount of space.

Baseball and tennis balls have about the same volume.


But if you pick them up, you notice a difference.

The baseball has more mass.


Silver

Aluminum

A block of aluminum and a block of silver look very similar.


Property Aluminum Silver

The Aluminum and Silver have properties in common and properties that make them

different.

216 cm3 216 cm3shiny shiny

poor goodgood goo

dsolid solidsilver silver27 108

Aluminum Silver13 47

660ºC

962ºC2467ºC 2162º

C

VolumeLuster

Electrical conductorHeat Conductor

Phase of matterColor

Atomic MassKinds of Atoms

Atomic NumberMelting Point

Boiling Point


One property that makes aluminum different from silver is

the property of


Density is defined as

the mass of a substance per unit of volume.


Wood Plastic Metal

These three blocks have the same volume,

but their masses are different.


Density = Mass/Volume

or

Mass = Density X Volume

Volume = Mass/Density

or

Formula for Density


To Calculate Density

1. Determine the volume of the object. 1. Determine the volume of the object. 1. Determine the volume of the object. 1. Determine the volume of the object.

2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 cmcm33))2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 2. Record the volume in mL. (1 mL = 1 cmcm33))3. Determine the mass of the object.3. Determine the mass of the object.3. Determine the mass of the object.3. Determine the mass of the object.

20

60

100

140

80 mL

120 mL

40 mL

-or-

Width X

HeightLength X

4. Divide mass by volume to 4. Divide mass by volume to determine density. (g/mL or g/cmdetermine density. (g/mL or g/cm33))

4. Divide mass by volume to 4. Divide mass by volume to determine density. (g/mL or g/cmdetermine density. (g/mL or g/cm33))


Density of Common Items

Remember:

1 mL = 1cm3


Let’s Practice!

What is the density of a piece of iron that has a mass of 60 g and a volume of 2.0 cm3?


• Granite has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 40 cm3 of granite?


• Copper has a density of 4.0 g/cm3. What is the volume of 12.0 g of copper?


• Corn oil has density of 7.0 g/cm3. What is the mass of 34.0 cm3 of corn oil?


• Mercury metal is poured into a graduated cylinder that holds exactly 20.0 mL. The mercury used to fill the cylinder weighs 300.0 g. From this information, calculate the density of mercury.


• 28.0 g of iron shot is added to a graduated cylinder containing 45.50 mL of water. The water level rises to the 49.50 mL mark, From this information, calculate the density of iron.


• Find the mass of 100.0 mL of benzene. The density of benzene is 0.8765 g/mL.

© 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.

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Transcript of © 2006 Plano ISD, Plano, TX Volume is the amount of space occupied by an object.