© 2000 – All Rights Reserved – Page 1 Graphic Type & Layers Graphic Type & Layers.

© 2000 – All Rights Reserved – Page © 2000 – All Rights Reserved – 1© 2000 – All Rights Reserved – Page © 2000 – All Rights Reserved – Page 11

Graphic Type & Graphic Type & LayersLayersGraphic Type & Graphic Type & LayersLayers


Print Measurement Print Measurement (buy a guide)(buy a guide)Print Measurement Print Measurement (buy a guide)(buy a guide)

• Points– used to measure vertical dimension of type– e.g. 24 pt. Times New Roman– 72 points = 1 inch– actual size of letter is slightly less

• Picas– used to measure page layout– e.g. 18 pica column width– 6 picas = 1 inch– Therefore: 1 pica = 12 points

24p0

24p3

24p6

24p9

24p0

24p3

24p6

24p9


Web MeasurementWeb MeasurementWeb MeasurementWeb Measurement• Points

– used to measure vertical dimension of type– e.g. 24 pt. Times New Roman– 72 points = 1 inch– actual size of letter is slightly less

• Pixels– used to measure type height and web page

layout– e.g. “50 pixel type” or “468 x 60 pixel banner”– 72 pixels = 1 inch if using standard resolution– Therefore: 1 point = 1 pixel (roughly)


Type FamiliesType FamiliesType FamiliesType Families

Serif is often used for body text

Sans-serif is often used for headings

Never, ever use script or gothic in all caps!

HHHH


CaseCaseCaseCase• U&LC - Upper & Lower Case

– Sentence case• “The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog.”

– Title Case• “The Quick Brown Fox jumped over the Lazy Dog.”

• lower case– http://www.petersheim.com– e.e. cummings

• UPPER CASE– “DON’T SCREAM AT ME!”

• SMALL CAPS


JustificationJustificationJustificationJustificationFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation,

conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation,

conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.


Typing Class Habits to UnlearnTyping Class Habits to Unlearn(if using proportional type)(if using proportional type)Typing Class Habits to UnlearnTyping Class Habits to Unlearn(if using proportional type)(if using proportional type)• Don’t use two spaces after a period or colon• Don’t use extra “carriage returns”• Don’t use the spacebar to align text• Don’t use double hyphens• Never underline text• Rarely use ALL CAPS• Always use real quotes and apostrophes• Don’t use justified text in a narrow column


Type Weight & Width (Style)Type Weight & Width (Style)Type Weight & Width (Style)Type Weight & Width (Style)


Type Posture: Italic v. ObliqueType Posture: Italic v. ObliqueType Posture: Italic v. ObliqueType Posture: Italic v. Oblique

• Times New Roman is a great font.

• Times New Roman is a great font.

• Arial is similar to Helvetica.

• Arial is similar to Helvetica.


Type OrientationType OrientationType OrientationType Orientation

Plain Jane Horizontal


Character EntitiesCharacter EntitiesCharacter EntitiesCharacter Entities• Based on the ISO 8859-1 Latin-1 character set• Also called “Special Characters”

– Accent, umlaut, cedilla, circumflex– Copyright and trademark symbols– Currency, math symbols, and fractions

• To get “Résumé”– In Photoshop: RAlt+0233sumAlt+0233– In HTML: Résumé– Or named: Résumé


Web Type TypesWeb Type TypesWeb Type TypesWeb Type Types• Body Type

– Pick “Web-Safe” Fonts– Times, Times New Roman, Arial, Helvetica,

Courier, Verdana

• Display Type• Graphic Type


Controlling White SpaceControlling White SpaceControlling White SpaceControlling White Space• Leading• Tracking• Kerning

• Use HTML tables as a low-tech way to control horizontal margins

• Use style sheets or layers for more control of placement


Vector - Raster ConversionVector - Raster ConversionVector - Raster ConversionVector - Raster Conversion• Useful for importing logos or type-on-a-curve into

Photoshop

• Save CorelDRAW or Illustrator art as EPS• In Photoshop

– File > Open– Select the file and click OK

• In Rasterize Generic EPS Format dialog box– select Constrain Proportions– select Anti-aliased– leave resolution at 72 ppi– determine one dimension…width or height


LayersLayersLayersLayers


Layers in Photoshop...Layers in Photoshop...Layers in Photoshop...Layers in Photoshop...• simulate vellum or acetate overlays• separate elements so they can be edited• are created automatically with the Text tool• can be duplicated, deleted, and merged• can be linked• are sometimes “flattened” or “merged” by

Photoshop functions• have their own set of Layer > Effects


Follow-Along DemoFollow-Along Demo

Graphic Type & LayersGraphic Type & LayersFollow-Along DemoFollow-Along Demo

Graphic Type & LayersGraphic Type & Layers

• Setting type and moving type• Editing type• The Layers Palette• Anti-aliasing type• Leading adjustment• Kerning type• Tracking type


Adobe Lesson 3:Adobe Lesson 3:Layer BasicsLayer BasicsAdobe Lesson 3:Adobe Lesson 3:Layer BasicsLayer Basics

• Do entire lesson beginning on page 115


Graphic Type & Graphic Type & LayersLayersGraphic Type & Graphic Type & LayersLayers

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