Working Conditions and Wages - Mr. Manankichian's …...Working Conditions and Wages •The factory...

WorkingConditionsandWages

WorkingConditionsandWages• ThefactorysystemwasamajorchangeforEuropeanworkers:• Factoryworkbecamelessskilled• Factoryconditionsweredirty,dangerous,andunhealthy•Workersworkedlonghours(12-16hrday)• Factoryworkerswerenotpaidwell;Women&childrenwerepaidlessthanmen•Ownersrequiredworkers“clockin”&limitedtheirbreakstoincreaseproduction

ConditionsintheCoalMines

ConditionsinCoalMines• Theinventionofthesteamengineincreaseddemandforcoal:•Coalproductiongrewfrom5milliontonsin1750to23milliontonsin1830•Men,women,childrenwereusedinmines•Mineswereunhealthy&dangerous:Lungdisease,poisongas,drowning,explosionscave-inswerecommonforworkers

ChildLabor

ChildLabor• TheIndustrialRevolutionchangedthelivesofmanychildren:•Ratherthanworkingfortheirparentsonfamilyfarms,manychildreninthecitiesworkedinfactories,brickyards,ormines• Livingincitieswasexpensivesopoorfamiliesneededtheirkidstowork•Childworkersearned10%ofanadultwage,workedlonghoursindangerousconditions,wereoftenbeaten

ChangingRoleofWomen

ChangingRoleofWomen• TheIndustrialRevolutionchangedthelivesofmanywomen:•Ratherthanworkingwiththeirhusbandsonfamilyfarmsandtakingcareofchildren,poorwomenincitiesworkedinfactories• Somewomenworkedasdomesticservants• Factoryjobsforwomenrequiredlonghoursawayfromtheirchildrenandcouldleavewomencrippled,sick,ordeformed•Womenwerepaid½or⅓ofaman’ssalary

Urbanization

Urbanization•Urbanizationincreaseddramatically:• Theincreaseinpopulationandenclosureoffarmsforcedpeopletomovetocities•Poorfamilieslivedinpoorlyconstructedapartmentsbuiltbyfactoryownerscalledtenementsinneighborhoodscalledslums•Manyfamiliessharedcrampedapartmentsthatlackedrunningwaterorsanitation•Hardfactoryjobsanddiseaseledtoshortlifeexpectanciesforurbanworkers

ChangingClassStructure

ChangingClassStructure•DuringtheIndustrialRevolution,thesocialclasssystemchangedasownershipoflandstoppedbeingthemostimportantfactor:•Atthetopweretheindustrialcapitalistswhogainedwealthbyowningfactories• Themiddleclassgrewbecauseofgrowthofengineers,managers,shopkeepers• Thebottomclassgrewbecauseofthesizeoftheurbanpoorwhoworkedforlowwagesinfactories

Working Conditions and Wages - Mr. Manankichian's …...Working Conditions and Wages •The factory...

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Transcript of Working Conditions and Wages - Mr. Manankichian's …...Working Conditions and Wages •The factory...

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