http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/640/

Where in the World????

Do you know where this is?

What hemisphere is it in? Or is it in two?

What is the climate like?

Would you live here? Why?

If you did live here what would your culture be like?

Would you be well educated by the standards of the

modern world?

Could a place like the Hallelujah Mountains really exist?

As scholars of our world it is up to us to find such places.

Geography

Chapter 1-Studying Geography

Section 1 Discussion Questions

• What are the two main branches of geography?

• How do we use Geography?• What are some ways we can organize

our world and the study of geography?

Ch. 1 Section 1• What is Geography?

Answer: The study of everything on earth (physical, biological, and cultural features of the Earth)

• Observe cities, cultures, plants and resources• Geographers look at perspective (the way a

person looks at something) and landscapes (scenery of a place , including its physical, human, and cultural features).

Types of Perspective • Spatial perspective geographers use to

study the patterns of location and how things are arranged on earth.

• One thing used to study these patterns is landscape – Scenery of a place ( physical and cultural

features)

Describe the landscape

2 Branches of Geography

• Human-analyze distribution and characteristics of people (where they live, their jobs, way of life)

• Physical-study of earth’s natural environments (landforms, water, atmosphere, animals, plants, soils and processes that affect them)

Who Uses Geography?• Everyone• Cartography-study and making of maps that are

either drawn or produced via computers, they publish maps in magazines, atlases and so on

Meteorologists-study weather and makepredictions based on weather patterns

Other Jobs For Geographers• Work for U.S. Geological Survey• Businesses who want shipping and

trucking routes• Tourism, travel, international sales• Teaching (awesome)

How do we study Geography?• Region-area with one or more common features that make it

different from surrounding areas.• Defined by physical features - climate, river systems, soils,

vegetation• And human features - languages, religions and trade networks• Sometimes regions are defined, sometimes vague (countries,

deserts, mountain ranges, suburbs, neighborhoods)

Regions of focus

1)Formal- Has one or more features in common

2) Functional- These places are linked together and work as a unit.

3) Perceptual- How we view the world around us

5 Themes of Geography

1. Location-the exact (absolute) or relative spot of something on Earth

2. Place-includes the physical and human features of a location

3. Human-Environment Interaction-ways people and environments interrelate with and affect each other

4. Movement-how people and things change locations and the effects of these changes

5. Region-geographic areas with one or more characteristics

1. Location-the exact (absolute) or relative spot of something on Earth

2. Place-includes the physical and human features of a location

3. Human-Environment Interaction-ways people and environments interrelate with and affect each other

4. Movement-how people and things change locations and the effects of these changes

5. Region-geographic areas with one or more characteristics

Section 2 Discussion Questions

• How do geographers and mapmakers organize our world?

• What kinds of special maps do geographers use?

• How do geographers use climate graphs and population pyramids?

Section 2-Skill Building

I. Organizing the Globe

A. Globe vs. Map

B. Latitude (parallels) and

longitude (meridians) lines

make up grid system.

C. Absolute Location

-Distances measured in degrees, minutes and seconds

D. Hemispheres (N,S,E,W)

E. 7 Continents

F. 5 Oceans ( Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, Pacific, and Southern)

II. Making Maps

A. Atlas

B. Map projections-how globes are transferred to a flat surface

C. Most common are cylindrical, conic and flat-plane.

Cylindrical• Most Common: Mercator map

• Image a piece of paper

wrapped around the equator.

• Land near equator accurate

• land near poles are

inaccurate.

• Navigators use it because it

shows correct direction and

shape of landforms

Conic• Imagine a paper has been wrapped around a globe like a cone

hat.

• Where the paper touches the globe are the most accurate

depictions shapes and sizes of landmasses: United States and

Russia

• Useful when studying a location that is far spanning in terms of

east to west.

• Inaccurate direction

Flat-Plane

• Imagine a paper only touching

the globe at one point.

• True size, but distorts shapes

• True directions for airplane pilots

and ship navigators.

Review of Map Projections

D. Cylindrical-landmasses larger toward poles…Mercator…true direction and shape

E. Conic-accurate where lines touch the cone…almost true shape and size

F. Flat-plane- true size…poor shapes

G. Great Circle Route-shortest distance between two places…confusing

III. Map Components-Scales, Legends, Keys, Compass Rose, Inset Map

IV. Special-Purpose Maps- Beginning of UnitsA. Political v. PhysicalB. Climate and PrecipitationC. Population and Economic MapsD. Elevation Profiles and Topographic

Maps (ex. Contour Maps)

V. Climate Graphs and Population Pyramids-Page 19

Climate Graphs• Average temp & precipitation• One side temp• One side rainfall• Bottom months

Population pyramid • Pop of males and females• Left side male • Right side female• Percentage of pop on the bottom • Age of pop along the side

– Bottom is the youth – Top is elderly