Intro to Music History

Intro to Music History

Click through this PowerPoint to learn about the periods of music history.

Complete the worksheet as you go and turn in when finished.

What is Music ? an artistic form of auditory communication

incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner.

IN PLAIN WORDS….the sounds produced by singers or musical instruments.

Origins of Music History

There are six periods of music Each music period has a particular style of

music that has greatly contributed to what music is today

1• Medieval/Middle Ages (500-1400)

2• Renaissance (1400-1600)

3• Baroque (1600-1750)

4• Classical (1750-1825)

5• Romantic (1825-1910)

6• 20th Century (1910-2000)

Music History Timeline

Medieval Ages Music Timeline (500-1400)

Pic Credit - Replica of the helmet found at Sutton Hoo, in the burial of an Anglo-Saxon leader, probably a king, about 620 in the Early Middle Ages[1]

Medieval Music Advancements Musical notation began Birth of polyphony

Early music notation

Monophonic and Polyphonic

Music of this time is categorized into monophonic and polyphonic styles

Monophonic means one note at a time

Polyphonic means two or more different notes at the same time.

Plainchant (or Gregorian Chant)

What is it? Definition: a form of medieval church

music that involves chanting It was the only type of music allowed in

Christian churches early on It was believed that music should make

a listener receptive to spiritual thoughts and reflections

The Introit, scripted in “neumes” in the 14th—15th century

Plainchant Music

Gregorian Chant

As singers continued experimenting with melodies, polyphony became more elaborate and complex

Major instrument of the time: The Lute

is shaped like a pear a short neck, a sound hole carved with a rose pattern

strings that varied in numbers early lute is the peg box which was angled back

RenaissanceMusic Timeline (1400-1600)

Renaissance or "rebirth," a period of significant changes in history, including music

Humanism in Music A new philosophy called “humanism” developed in

Italy

It emphasized that life should be viewed as a preparation for death

Dutch composers and musicians were arranged to teach and perform in Italian courts

The invention of printing helped spread these new ideas

Instrumental Music By the second half of the 1500s instrumental

music began to take shape

The lute was widely used at that time

Eventually mixed instruments were used

Mixed instruments are played

Renaissance Musical Instruments

The Shawm

The Dulcian

The Trumpet

The Shawm

Has a conical bore

It has 7 to 8 finger holes

At the end of the bore is a large bell

Was mostly used in outdoor ceremonial events

Dulcian

The dulcian is a predecessor of the shawm

A precursor of the bassoon

Dulcians are easier to transport than the

shawm due to its smaller size

Dulcians produce sound that is less piercing

than the shawm

Trumpet

The most commonly used is the B flat trumpet There is also the C, D, and E-flat and piccolo trumpet

Baroque Music Timeline (1600-1750)

“Baroque" comes from the Italian word "barocco" which means bizarre (very strange)

Baroque Advancements: A time when composers experimented with form,

styles and instruments.

The development of opera and instrumental music

The violin was also considered an important musical instrument during this time

Venice and the Opera In 1573, a group of musicians and intellectuals came together to

discuss various subjects This group of individuals are known as the “Florentine Camerata”,

The composer Claudio Monteverdi was an important

contributor, specifically his opera ”Orfeo”; the first opera to

gain public welcome

Classical Music Timeline (1750-1825)

It is characterized by simpler melodies such as the sonatas.

The primary instrument is piano

Major Composers of the Period Franz Joseph Haydn

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Ludwig van Beethoven

Giuseppe Verdi

Antonio Vivaldi

Piano Bartolomeo Cristofori created

around 1709 in Florence.

Changes in his early invention

became the basic of the modern

piano.

Very popular in the mid-18th century

Romantic Music Timeline (1825-1910)

Characterized by using music to tell a story or express an idea

the use of various instruments including wind instruments

What is Romanticism? A concept that included different art forms

from music to painting to literature.

During the 19th century, Vienna and Paris were the centers of musical activity

The Flute

The Saxophone

The Tuba

20th Century

Music Timeline (1910-2000)

brought about many innovations on how music was performed and appreciated

used technology to enhance compositions

20th Century Music is defined by the sudden emergence of

advanced technology no longer limited to concerts, opera-houses,

clubs, and domestic music-making

Rock and roll

Often written as rock & roll or rock 'n' roll

Evolved in the United States during the late

1940s and early 1950s

Combination of African American blues,

country, jazz and gospel music.

Either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument Generally replaced by guitar in the middle to late 1950s Now more commonly called simply "rock music" or "rock".

Hip Hop Music

also called rap music

consisting of a stylized rhythmic music

commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic

and rhyming speech that is chanted

References

Music Education : http://musiced.about.com/

Medieval : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_music

Renaissance : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_music

Baroque : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_music

Classical : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_period_(music)

Romantic : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romantic_music

20th Century : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th-century_classical_music