What are enzymes??Enzymes are proteins.Enzymes speed up chemical

reactions. Biological Catalyst

pH, temperature, and substrate concentration affect enzyme activity.

Enzymes are Catalysts Reduce the activation energy needed

to start a chemical reaction.

Activation energy The amount of energy needed to start

a chemical reaction.

AmylaseExplain what is happening to the cracker as it sits on your tongue.

How does this help your digestion?

Enzyme vs. Substrate Substrate is the substance the enzyme

acts on during a chemical reaction.

Enzymes can be reused! They are not changed during a reaction.

Lock and Key

Enzymes are specific to the substrate. The shape of the enzyme determines the function of the enzyme.

How it works

Active Site The part of the

enzyme that binds to the substrate.

Temperature pH Concentration

Three Factors that Affect Enzyme Activity

• If too hot, enzymes will be denatured lose its shape and the active site will be destroyed

• It will not be able to bind with its substrate• Too low (cold), enzymes

will slow down

Temperature

pH Enzymes work best within a certain

range of pH values (Optimal) or they will be denatured

Concentration

If you have 5 lanes (enzymes) and 100 customers (substrates) adding more customers won’t make it go faster

If you have 100 lanes (Enzymes) and 5 customers (substrates) adding more lanes won’t make it go faster.