Utilising the Latest Innovations in

Hydraulic Grit Capture Technology

for Increased Efficiencies and

Decreasing Economic Investment

Aqua Enviro Events Suite

Wakefield

30th April 2015

Presented by:

Chuck Miller, S&L Inc. Exec. VP of International Div.

Andy Hornabrook, S&L Ltd. UK Sales Engineer

Smith & Loveless

• Founded 1946 in Kansas, USA

• Pioneered Factory-Built Sewage Pump

Stations and Treatment Plants

• Developed The PISTA® --World’s Leading

Vortex Grit Removal System in 1973

Smith & Loveless Inc.

• 35,000+ Separate Global Installations

(All 7 Continents)

• Sales and Manufacturing Facilities in

Kansas City, Los Angeles, Auckland,

London & Hyderabad, India

• Fundamentals

• True Vortex Operation

• Handling Wide Variations in Flow

• Grit Removal Efficiencies & Testing

• Types of Grit Removal Systems

• Grit Pumping

• Grit Dewatering Classifiers & Washers

• Off-Site Built Inletworks

Outline

Grit Removal

What is “Grit”?

Grit is heavy mineral matter consisting of a

variety of particles including sand, gravel,

cinder, and other heavy, discrete inorganic

materials found in domestic sewage.

Grit Removal

Effects Upon Treatment Plant

– Accumulation in Channels Results in

Slugs of Grit During High Flow Events

– Accumulation Within Basins Reduces

Process Basin Volumes and Retards

Efficiency

– Abrasion Wears Equipment Prematurely

True Hydraulic Vortex

Grit Removal

PISTA® Grit Removal System

• PISTA® Provides Latest Technology in Grit

Removal for Municipal and Industrial

Applications

• World Leader in Vortex Grit Removal since

1973

• 95% Grit Removal Down to 105 Micron

Particle Size

PISTA® Grit Removal System

• 2,500+ Systems Installed Globally

• Complete Grit Handling & Washing System

• Significantly Smaller Footprint than Aerated

Grit Chambers, Detritors and Horizontal

Grit Chambers

PISTA® Grit Removal System

• Up to 10 Times Lower Energy Costs

• Exclusive Flat Floor Grit Chamber Creates

True Hydraulic Vortex

• Superior Removal of Fine Grit with Less

Organics Versus Other Technologies

SINGLE UNITS FROM

1,900 TO 378,500 M3/DAY

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

PISTA® 360™ with V-FORCE BAFFLE™

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Forced Hydraulic Movement

Ideal Flow Velocities

• Range between 0.5 to 1.1 m/sec.

• Causes grit suspension in the flow,

traveling like a moving bed.

• Higher velocities (> 1.1 m/sec), the flow

becomes turbulent dispersing the grit bed.

• Lower velocities (< 0.5 m/sec.), grit will

settle & have limited movement.

Handling Wide Variations in Flow

PISTA® 270™ Layout

V-FORCE FLOW FLOW

BAFFLE at 0.49 M/SEC at 0.49 M/SEC

360-DEGREE (L/S) 270-DEGREE (L/S)

1.0B 8.76 1.0 4.38

2.5B 13.14 2.5 26.29

4.0B 17.53 4.0 43.81

7.0B 30.67 7.0 78.86

12.0B 48.19 12.0 175.25

20.0B 83.24 20.0 306.69

30.0B 127.06 30.0 438.13

50.0B 219.06 50.0 788.63

70.0B 306.69 70.0 963.88

100.0B 438.13 100.0 1621.074381

3067

2191

1314

876

526

307

175

110

44

At 3067 lps, H1* = 152 cm, Vel = 1.1 m/sec

At 1533 lps, H1 = 105 cm, Vel = 0.8 m/sec

At 800 lps, H1 = 90 cm, Vel = 0.49 m/sec

At 307 lps, H1 = 76 cm, Vel = 0.22 m/sec

H1 = inlet channel water elevation

PISTA 360 WITH Submerged Weir

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2013.

H1

Based on 61 cm weir height

At 3067 lps, H1 = 152 cm, Vel = 1.07 m/sec

At 1270 lps, H1 = 85 cm, Vel = 0.8 m/sec

At 570 lps, H1 = 49 cm, Vel = 0.6 m/sec

At 307 lps, H1 = 34 cm, Vel = 0.5 m/sec

H1 = inlet channel water elevation

PISTA 360 WITH V-FORCE BAFFLETM

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2013.

H1

Grit Removal Efficiency

- 95% of 300 micron grit and larger

- 85% of 210 micron grit but less than 300 micron

- 65% of 150 micron grit but less than 210 micron

PISTA® 360™ with V-FORCE BAFFLE™,

PISTA® 270™ or PISTA® 360™ with Submerged Weir

- 95% of 105 micron and larger

Grit Removal Efficiency

Aerated, Velocity Channels, Sloped Floor & Detritors

- 85% to 90% of 200 micron and larger

Grit Testing Methodologies

Cross Channel Testing Method

Vertical Integrated Sampler

Actual Field Test - Comparison

30 minute

sample time

306 minute

sample time

True Hydraulic Vortex Grit Removal

Versus

Gravity Grit Removal Systems

Forced Vortex

Gravity Based

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Particle Size Analysis of Sand

Mechanical Grit

Henry Bendel’s Original Sloped Floor Grit Chamber Testing

Virtually All of the Sand > 0.6 mm is Retained

105 210 300 600 MICRON Grain Diameter mm

Original Sloped Floor Grit

Test

• Captured 93.5% of 300 micron Grit & Larger

• Captured 50% of Grit Smaller Than 300 micron

• 92.5% of Grit Tested was Larger Than 300

Micron

Gravity is Too Slow!

• Correlates to a particle’s settling velocity,

which measures the speed or time a

particle will settle in the water.

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Gravity Grit Chamber Design

Courtesy of OVIVO

True Hydraulic Vortex Grit Removal

Versus

Aerated Grit Chambers

Aerated Grit Chamber

Velocity Channel

• Difficult to maintain 0.3 m/s velocity with varying flows

• Removes 90% to 95% of 200 micron & larger

• Higher construction costs & much larger footprint

• Excessive headloss (30% to 40% of flow depth)

• Complex grit extraction parts subject to wear

• High organic capture

Hydraulic Vortex Grit Removal

Versus

Detritors

Detritor Grit Chamber

Photo by EIMCO

PEAK FLOW (LPS) PISTA MODEL #

PISTA

FOOTPRINT

(M2)

DETRITOR

FOOTPRINT

(M2)

44 1.0 2.5 6.3

110 2.5 3.5 9.0

175 4.0 4.5 12.3

307 7.0 7.1 20.3

525 12.0 10.8 30.3

876 20.0 18.9 49.0

1315 30.0 23.8 72.3

2191 50.0 29.2 121.0

3067 70.0 41.9 NA

4381 100.0 75.4 NA

Footprint Comparison of PISTA® and Detritors

Detritor

• High organic capture

• Fine grit loss due to agitation by the rake arm

• Higher construction costs & larger footprint

• Removes 90% to 95% of 200 micron & larger

• Difficulty handling wide variations in flow

Full Scale Test Results Utilising Cross Channel Sampling

Technology Flow300

micron210

micron150

micron105

micron

AGC Design 98.76% 79.82% 70.61% 12.25%

Detritor 30.0% 98.35% 97.95% 97.05% 84.10%

Velocity Channel 39.1% 97.00% 97.30% 96.90% 97.70%

PISTA® 360B Design 99.61% 99.22% 98.77% 98.53%

Hydraulic Vortex Grit Removal

Versus

Stacked Tray

75 MLD PISTA® 68 MLD STACKED TRAY UNIT

Grit Pump

50 GPM (3.15 LPS) at 50 psig (3.45 Bar)

(15 min. every 4 hours)

Grit Hopper/Grit Pump

20 GPM (1.3 LPS) at 50 psig (3.45 Bar)

(continuous)

Grit Cyclone

15 GPM (1.0 LPS) at 50 psig (3.45 Bar)

(continuous)

Grit Cyclone

50 GPM (3.2 LPS) at 50 psig (3.45 Bar)

(30-120 seconds every 1-2 hrs)

Grit De-watering Conveyor

10 GPM (0.6 LPS) at 50 psig (3.45 Bar)

(continuous)

DailyTotal: 4,500 gallons/day (17 m3/day) DailyTotal:

66,000 gallons/day (250 m3/day)

Fluidising Water Requirements

PISTA® STACKED TRAY UNIT

Grit Pump

10 HP (7.5 kW)

15 min. every 4 hours

Grit Pump

10 HP (7.5 kW)

Continuous

Grit Dewatering Conveyor

1 HP (0.7 kW)

20 min. every 4 hours

Grit Dewatering Conveyor

1/3 HP (0.2 kW)

(Continuous

PISTA® Drive

1-1/2 HP (1.1 kW)

Continuous

Daily Total:

53 hp-hr/day

(40 kW- hr/day)

Daily Total:

247.2 hp-hr/day

(184 kW- hr/day)

Energy Use

Grit Pumping

•Airlift

•Centrifugal

Airlift Pump

Smith & Loveless Original 1973 Design

Centrifugal Pump

Centrifugal Pump

• Top Mounted or Flooded Suction

Arrangement

• Creates Higher Suction Head to Pull Grit

Out of Hopper

• Higher Lift Capability of Up To 17 m

• Allow for More Efficient Grit Dewatering and

Cleaner Grit

• Lower Clogging Potential in Piping

Recessed Impeller

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Vacuum Priming for PISTA

• A Simple Process Consists of the

• Following to Prime the Pump:

– Vacuum Pump

– Sonic Start Prime Sensor

– Solenoid Valve

S&L Vacuum Primed Pump

SONIC START® STREAMLINE™

Prime Sensor Determines WhenWater Level is Above the Seal

1. SONIC START® STREAMLINE™

Prime Sensor

2. Solenoid Valve

3. Vacuum Pump

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Grit Dewatering

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Inside Look of the Screw Conveyor

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

• Reduce Grit Hauling Costs

• Landfill Restrictions

• Reduce Odour & Disease Conveying Insects.

• More Stringent Regulations.

Why a Grit Washer?

Grit Washer

Reprinted with the permission of Smith & Loveless, Inc. © 2007-2010.

Off Site Build Headwork

Technologies

PISTA®WorksTM

PISTA® WORKS™

Thank You

www.SmithandLoveless.com

www.PISTAgritchamber.com

www.GRITtheFacts.com

cmiller@smithandloveless.com

ahornabrook@smithandlovelessltd.co.uk