Post on 18-Jan-2016
University of Tehran 1
Microprocessor System Design
Processor Timing
University of Tehran 2
Outline
• Machine cycle
• Fetch, decode, execute
• Processor timing
• Bus cycles
• Memory / IO read
• Memory / IO write
University of Tehran 3
Where is a program stored?
;assume that initially
;ds = 2000, bx = 0023, ax = 351C
;cs = 1000, ip = 0005
mov [bx], al ;8807
hlt ;F4
University of Tehran 4
How does the P works?
• Fetch
• Increment Program Counter (CS:IP) by 1
• Decode
• Execute
University of Tehran 5
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
CS:IP
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 6
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
1000:0005
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 7
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
10005
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 8
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
10005
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 9
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
10005
88
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 10
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88
10005
88
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 11
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0005+1IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
INC. PC
University of Tehran 12
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
INC. PC
University of Tehran 13
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
DECODE
mov [bx], ?
University of Tehran 14
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88
CS:IP
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 15
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88
1000:0006
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 16
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88
10006
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 17
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88
10006
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 18
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
88
10006
07
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 19
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
10006
07
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 20
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0006+1IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
INC. PC
University of Tehran 21
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
INC. PC
University of Tehran 22
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
DECODE
mov [bx], al
University of Tehran 23
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
DS:BX
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
EXECUTEmov [bx], al
University of Tehran 24
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
2000:0023
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
EXECUTEmov [bx], al
University of Tehran 25
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
20023
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
EXECUTEmov [bx], al
University of Tehran 26
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
20023
1C
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
EXECUTEmov [bx], al
University of Tehran 27
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
20023
1C
HIGH
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
13
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRLOW
EXECUTEmov [bx], al
University of Tehran 28
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
8807
20023
1C
HIGH
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRLOW
EXECUTEmov [bx], al
University of Tehran 29
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
CS:IP
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 30
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
1000:0007
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 31
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
10007
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
FETCH
University of Tehran 32
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
10007
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 33
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
10007
F4
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 34
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
F4
10007
F4
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
FETCH
University of Tehran 35
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0007+1IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
F4
10007
F4
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
INC. PC
University of Tehran 36
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0008IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
F4
10007
F4
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
INC. PC
University of Tehran 37
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0008IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
F4
10007
F4
LOW
2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WRHIGH
DECODE
hlt
University of Tehran 38
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
MEMR
MEMW
1234
BP
ES
DS
SS
CX
BX
AX
34CD
AB12
1AB3
2000
0000
0023
3F1C
FCA1
SP
DX
1243
CS
SI
1000
0008IP
5678DI
Inst. Queue
F4 2300000
00001
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
95
::
45
98
27
39
42
88
07
F4
8A
::
20020
20021
20022
20023
FFFFD
FFFFE
FFFFF
29
12
7D
1C
19
25
36
::
::
::
::
A19
A0
:
D7
D0
:
RD
WR
EXECUTEhlt
University of Tehran 39
Machine Cycle
University of Tehran 40
Machine Cycle Timing Diagram
10005
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
fetch
M1 M2 M3
88 07
10006 20023
1C
M1
10007
F4
fetch
execute
fetch
execute
mov [bx],al hlt
Control Bus
University of Tehran 41
10005
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
D7
M1 M2 M3
10006 20023
M1
10007
Control Bus
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
University of Tehran 42
Processor Timing
University of Tehran 43
Processor Timing Diagramfor the 1st fetch machine cycle (M1)
of instruction mov [bx],al
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
M1
CLOCK
10005
88
University of Tehran 44
Processor Timing Diagramfor the 2nd fetch machine cycle (M2)
of instruction mov [bx],al
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
M2
CLOCK
10006
07
University of Tehran 45
Processor Timing Diagramfor the execute machine cycle (M3)
of instruction mov [bx], al
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
M3
CLOCK
20023
1C
University of Tehran 46
Processor Timing Diagramfor the 1st fetch machine cycle (M1)
of instruction hlt
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
M1
CLOCK
10007
F4
University of Tehran 47
Processor Timing Diagramfor any memory read machine cycle
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
CLOCK
memory address
datain
University of Tehran 48
Processor Timing Diagramfor any memory write machine cycle
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
CLOCK
memory address
data out
University of Tehran 49
Processor Timing Diagramfor any I/O read machine cycle
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
CLOCK
port address
datain
University of Tehran 50
Processor Timing Diagramfor any I/O write machine cycle
IOR
IOW
MEMR
MEMW
___
____
_____
______
AddressBus
Data Bus
T1 T2 T3
CLOCK
port address
data out