* The internal structure of the Earth

Core: deepest part. Part solid, part liquid.

Mantle: around the core. Magma (molten rock).

Crust: Outer layer of the Earth. Solid rock.

When thicker Continents.When thinner Under the

oceans.

* The external structure of the Earth

Lithos + sphere.Crust and upper mantle of the Earth.

Different geographical features RELIEF

Tectonic plates

Formation of the continents and the ocean floor.

INTERNAL FORCES

CONTINENTS Some of the tectonic plates formed the continents (def. enormous landmasses separated by oceans).

Asia: largest continent of the Earth.Surrounded by:

North Arctic Ocean.South Indian Ocean.East Pacific Ocean.West Europe and Africa.

America: 2nd largest. Longest continent from north to south.

Between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Arctic Ocean in the north, and Antarctic in the south.

Divided in three subcontinents:North America.Isthmus of Central America.South America.

Africa: Surrounded by:

North Mediterranean Sea.South Antarctic Ocean.East Indian Ocean and Asia. West Atlantic Ocean.

Antarctica:o Southern part of the

Earth. Surrounded by the

Antarctic Ocean, the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans.

Europe:Western part of the

Eurasian plate.

Surrounded by:North Arctic Ocean.South Mediterranean Sea.East Asia (Ural Mountains, Caspian Sea, Caucasus and Black Sea).West Atlantic Ocean.

Oceania:Around 10 thousand islands in the Pacific Ocean.

Four areas: Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.

EXTERNALFORCES

Water

Erosion

Removal of material.

Fluvial erosion

Coastal erosion

Coastal erosion

EXTERNALFORCES

Water

Sedimentation

Deposition of material.

Cape Cod (Massachusetts)

History of sedimentation in

Barcelona.

Barceloneta beach

Ebro delta

Mississippi delta

EXTERNALFORCES

Water

Weathering

Breaking down of the rock due

to the combination of

water and atmospherical

conditions (mostly heat and

cold)

EXTERNALFORCES

Water

Dissolution (Karst)

EXTERNALFORCES

Wind

Erosion

Removal of material.

EXTERNALFORCES

Wind

Sedimentation

Removal of material.

EXTERNALFORCES

Human beings

Combination of internal and external forces

CONTINENTAL LANDFORMS

COASTAL LANDFORMS

SUBARINE RELIEF