Unit 8 - Lithosphere
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Transcript of Unit 8 - Lithosphere
* The internal structure of the Earth
Core: deepest part. Part solid, part liquid.
Mantle: around the core. Magma (molten rock).
Crust: Outer layer of the Earth. Solid rock.
When thicker Continents.When thinner Under the
oceans.
* The external structure of the Earth
Lithos + sphere.Crust and upper mantle of the Earth.
Different geographical features RELIEF
Tectonic plates
Formation of the continents and the ocean floor.
INTERNAL FORCES
CONTINENTS Some of the tectonic plates formed the continents (def. enormous landmasses separated by oceans).
Asia: largest continent of the Earth.Surrounded by:
North Arctic Ocean.South Indian Ocean.East Pacific Ocean.West Europe and Africa.
America: 2nd largest. Longest continent from north to south.
Between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Arctic Ocean in the north, and Antarctic in the south.
Divided in three subcontinents:North America.Isthmus of Central America.South America.
Africa: Surrounded by:
North Mediterranean Sea.South Antarctic Ocean.East Indian Ocean and Asia. West Atlantic Ocean.
Antarctica:o Southern part of the
Earth. Surrounded by the
Antarctic Ocean, the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans.
Europe:Western part of the
Eurasian plate.
Surrounded by:North Arctic Ocean.South Mediterranean Sea.East Asia (Ural Mountains, Caspian Sea, Caucasus and Black Sea).West Atlantic Ocean.
Oceania:Around 10 thousand islands in the Pacific Ocean.
Four areas: Australasia, Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia.
EXTERNALFORCES
Water
Erosion
Removal of material.
Fluvial erosion
Coastal erosion
Coastal erosion
EXTERNALFORCES
Water
Sedimentation
Deposition of material.
Cape Cod (Massachusetts)
History of sedimentation in
Barcelona.
Barceloneta beach
Ebro delta
Mississippi delta
EXTERNALFORCES
Water
Weathering
Breaking down of the rock due
to the combination of
water and atmospherical
conditions (mostly heat and
cold)
EXTERNALFORCES
Water
Dissolution (Karst)
EXTERNALFORCES
Wind
Erosion
Removal of material.
EXTERNALFORCES
Wind
Sedimentation
Removal of material.
EXTERNALFORCES
Human beings
Combination of internal and external forces
CONTINENTAL LANDFORMS
COASTAL LANDFORMS
SUBARINE RELIEF