Post on 11-Jan-2016
U2C1
Vocabulary
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy is neither created nor destroyed
When we use energy, it does NOT disappear
Energy transfers from object to object
A car engine burns gasoline, converting the chemical energy in gasoline into mechanical energy
Solar cells change radiant energy into electrical energy
Law of Conservation of Energy
EnergyEnergycauses interactionsability to do work or cause change
causes interactionsability to do work or cause change
Energy
Energy as Work
Potential Energy
•stored energy
Potential Energy
Potential Energy
potential energy
Kinetic Energy
•Energy in motion
kinetic energy
kinetic and potential energy
Energy SourceAn object that is the supplier of energy.
energy source
Energy Receiver
An object to which the energy is transferred.
energy receiver
Light
flashlight
Change in shape (pupil got smaller)
eye
Electric Circuit
cell
Change in illumination (light goes on/glows)
light bulb
energy transfers
Other Forms of Energy
•mechanical energy•thermal energy•chemical energy•electrical energy•electromagnetic energy•nuclear energy
Waves
waves, part 2
wavewave a continuous succession of pulses
wave
wave
wave
transverse wave a wave in which the motion of the material (medium) is perpendicular to motion of the wave
transverse wave
Motion Motion
Force Force
transverse wave
amplitude
the height of a wave crest. It is related to a wave’s energy
amplitude
amplitude
wavelength the distance between identical points along a wave
wavelength
frequency
the number of waves produced per unit time
frequency
Identify A?Identify B?
compression (longitudinal) wave
a wave in which the motion of the material (medium) is parallel to the motion of the wave
compression (longitudinal) wave
Motion Motion
Force Force
compression (longitudinal) wave
Types of Mechanical Waves
pitch
the quality of a sound dependent mostly on the frequency of the sound wave
pitch
sound energy
sound waves
ultrasound
compression waves at much higher frequency that animals or humans can hear
ultrasound
fault
a fracture in rock, along which the rock masses have moved
fault
earthquake
a sudden motion or shaking of the earth
earthquake
P wave a seismic wave that involves motion in the direction in which it is traveling: it is the fastest of the seismic waves
(compression wave)
P wave
P wave
S wave a seismic wave that involves vibration perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling: it arrives later than the P wave(transverse wave)
S wave
L wave a seismic wave that travels along the surface of the Earth: they are the last to arrive at a location
L wave
seismograph
an instrument that detects seismic waves
seismograph
tsunami
a great sea wave produced by an earthquake (or volcanic eruption) on the ocean floor
wave interference
light waves
wave quiz
mechanical energythe energy transfer involved in an interaction that causes one or both objects to change position
push or pull applied an object
mechanical energy
forms of energy
constant speed
neither speeding up nor slowing down
constant speed
linear relationship
the relationship between two quantities that, when plotted against each other on a graph, produce a straight line
linear relationship
linear relationship
slopethe tilt or slant of a straight line on a graph: the rise divided by the run
slope
speeddistance traveled per unit timeexample: 55 mph
speed
speed = distance time
s = d t
speed
d
s t
average speed
the distance traveled divided by the time taken
average speed
average speed = total distance total time
average speed
nonlinear relationship
the relationship between two quantities that, when plotted against each other on a graph, do not produce a straight line
nonlinear relationship
nonlinear relationship
velocity•how fast an object is moving in a given direction•speed and direction
velocity
East at 750 mph
accelerationthe change in velocity per unit time
accelerationa = change in v time
a=(final v - initial v) time
fit(f-i)t
acceleration