Tissues

Mader Chapter 4.1

Types of Tissues

A tissue is composed of specialized cells of the same type that perform a common function.*Four primary tissues make up the body:

A. Connective tissue—binds and supports the body.

B. Muscle tissue—moves the body and its parts.

C. Nervous tissue—receives stimuli and conducts nerve impulses.

D. Epithelial tissue—covers body surfaces and lines the cavities of the body.

4-2

Connective tissues

Blood is a liquid connective tissue

Skeletal muscle

Smooth (visceral) muscle

Cardiac (heart) muscle

Nervous tissue

D. Epithelial tissue:*Simple epithelia—a single layer of cells classified

according to cell types.

a. Squamous epithelium—flattened cells forming the lining of blood vessels and alveoli.

b. Cuboidal epithelium—cubed shaped cells lining the kidney tubules and glands.

c. Columnar epithelium—rectangular cells in columns lining the digestive tract.

*Stratified epithelia—layers of cells piled one on top of the other (lining the nose, mouth, & esophagus).

*Glandular epithelia—secretes products like mucus, digestive enzymes, and hormones.

4-10

Epithelia

4-11

Integumentary System

Integumentary system—made up of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.*Epidermis—stratified squamous epithelium

composed of keratinocytes and melanocytes.

*Dermis—dense fibrous connective tissue containing sensory receptors, blood vessels, & glands.

*Subcutaneous layer—loose connective tissue and adipose tissue, which stores fat.

4-12