Post on 13-Jan-2016
• The mitochondria are the engines of our cells where sugar is burned for fuel and the exhaust is CO2 and H2O.
What molecule do all organisms use to temporarily store energy?
A P P P
High Energy Bond
A P P P
Adenosine TriphosphateAdenosine Diphosphate + phosphate
ATP
ADP
ATP – ADP Energy Cycle in the Cell
Cellular Respiration breaks down Glucose and releases
Cell Activities
ADP ATPP
Energy
Energy used for:
ATP Synthase
+
Muscle Contractions
Respiration
Nerve impulses
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP
(Muscles)
(Bacteria & Yeast)
C6H12O6 2Lactic Acids + 2ATP
C6H12O6 2Ethyl Alcohols + 2CO2 + 2ATP
Enzymes
Enzymes
Enzymes
Step 1
Step 2
Glycolysis Glycolysis
Fermentation Krebs Cycle
Most prevalent and effi cient pathway iscellular respiration.
I n cellular respiration, oxygen is consumed.
C6H12O6 +2ATP 2Pyruvic Acids + 4ATPEnzymes
Net Gain of ATP =
**Occurs in Cytoplasm**
(Splitting of Glucose)
**Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration**
Glycolysis:
Oxygen not available
2Pyruvic Acids 2Ethyl Alcohols + 2CO2
(Muscles)
(Bacteria & Yeast)
2Pyruvic Acids 2Lactic AcidsEnzymes
Enzymes
Aerobic Respiration**Oxygen is available**
2Pyruvic Acids+ 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 32ATPEnzymes
**Occurs in mitochondria**
Also called citric acid cycle
Step 1
Step 2
Glycolysis Glycolysis
Fermentation Kreb Cycle
2ATP
0 ATP
2ATP
34ATP
Total 2ATP 36ATP
- Cheese- Buttermilk- Yogurt- Alcoholic Beverages- Bread
Oxygen Required No Oxygen Required
Occurs in Mitochondria Occurs in Cytoplasm
36 ATP/glucose 2 ATP/glucose
Linked ProcessesPhotosynthesis
• Energy-storing pathway
• Releases oxygen
• Requires carbon dioxide
Aerobic Respiration
• Energy-releasing pathway
• Requires oxygen
• Releases carbon dioxide
Food: Photosynthesis Food: Ingestion
Energy: Respiration Energy: Respiration
Use ATP to maintain homeostasis
Use ATP to maintain homeostasis
Use CO2
Release CO2 as waste
Release O2 as waste
Use O2 Use O2 Release CO2 as waste
Respiration vs. Photosynthesis