Slide 1

Tutorial on How to Use

“The Korean Romanization and Word Division (Basic Guide)”

Hana Kim

Korea Studies Librarian

hn.kim@utoronto.ca

Created in March 2012

Korean StudiesCheng Yu Tung East Asian Library

Slide 2

Basic Korean Romanization

� “The Korean Romanization and Word Division Guide

(Basic Guide)” has tables illustrating romanization

methods.

� This tutorial will help you to understand how to romanize

Korean words in a step-by-step fashion.

Slide 3

Example 1: 감감감감

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- initial element ㄱ

ㄱ

Slide 4

Example 1: 감감감감

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- initial letter ㄱ- vowel ㅏ

가

Slide 5

Example 1: 감감감감

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅏㅏㅏㅏ- final element ㅁㅁㅁㅁ

감

Slide 6

Example 1: 감감감감

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k

k

Slide 7

Example 1: 감감감감

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅏㅏㅏㅏ with a

ka

Slide 8

Example 1: 감감감감

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅏㅏㅏㅏ with a- ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with m

kam

Slide 9

Example 1: 감감감감

� Thus, the word 감감감감 is romanized as kam .

감 kam

Slide 10

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� When a Korean word consists of two syllables combined: eg. 민중민중민중민중 (民衆民衆民衆民衆)

- initial element ㅁㅁㅁㅁ

ㅁ

Slide 11

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

When a Korean word consists of two syllables combined: eg. 민중민중민중민중 (民衆民衆民衆民衆)

- initial element ㅁㅁㅁㅁ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ

미

Slide 12

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� When a Korean word consists of two syllables combined: eg. 민중민중민중민중 (民衆民衆民衆民衆)

- initial element ㅁㅁㅁㅁ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ- medial elements ㄴㄴㄴㄴ, , , , ㅈㅈㅈㅈ

민 ㅈ

Slide 13

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� When a Korean word consists of two syllables combined: eg. 민중민중민중민중 (民衆民衆民衆民衆)

- initial element ㅁㅁㅁㅁ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ- medial elements ㄴㄴㄴㄴ, , , , ㅈㅈㅈㅈ

- vowel ㅜㅜㅜㅜ

민주

Slide 14

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� When a Korean word consists of two syllables combined: eg. 민중민중민중민중 (民衆民衆民衆民衆)

- initial element ㅁㅁㅁㅁ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ- medial elements ㄴㄴㄴㄴ, , , , ㅈㅈㅈㅈ

- vowel ㅜㅜㅜㅜ- final element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ

� Thus, 민중민중민중민중.

민중

Slide 15

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with m

m

Slide 16

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with m- ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with i

mi

Slide 17

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with m- ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with i- ㄴㅈㄴㅈㄴㅈㄴㅈ with nj

minj

Slide 18

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with m- ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with i- ㄴㅈㄴㅈㄴㅈㄴㅈ with nj- ㅜㅜㅜㅜ with u

minju

Slide 19

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with m- ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with i- ㄴㅈㄴㅈㄴㅈㄴㅈ with nj- ㅜㅜㅜㅜ with u- ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with ng

minjung

Slide 20

Example 2: 민중민중민중민중

� Thus, the word 민중민중민중민중 is romanized as minjung .

민중 minjung

Slide 21

Medial Elements

� Medial elements are the two elements that occur when the final element from the first syllable is followed by the initial element of the second syllable.

� In the previous example of 민중민중민중민중, ㄴㄴㄴㄴ is followed by ㅈㅈㅈㅈ. Therefore, the medial elements are ㄴㄴㄴㄴ and ㅈㅈㅈㅈ.

Slide 22

How to Read Medial Elements in the Consonant Table

Slide 23

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ

ㄱ

Slide 24

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ

거

Slide 25

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ- medial element ㅈㅈㅈㅈ

거ㅈ

Slide 26

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ- medial element ㅈㅈㅈㅈ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ

거지

Slide 27

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ- medial element ㅈㅈㅈㅈ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ- medial elements ㅅㅅㅅㅅ ㅁㅁㅁㅁ

거짓ㅁ

Slide 28

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ- medial element ㅈㅈㅈㅈ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ- medial elements ㅅㅅㅅㅅ ㅁㅁㅁㅁ

- vowel ㅏㅏㅏㅏ

거짓마

Slide 29

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� A Korean word consists of three single syllables combined: eg. 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

- initial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ- medial element ㅈㅈㅈㅈ- vowel ㅣㅣㅣㅣ- medial elements ㅅㅅㅅㅅ ㅁㅁㅁㅁ

- vowel ㅏㅏㅏㅏ

- final element ㄹㄹㄹㄹ

거짓말

Slide 30

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k

k

Slide 31

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ

kŏŏŏŏ

Slide 32

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ- ㅈㅈㅈㅈ with j

kŏj

Slide 33

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ- ㅈㅈㅈㅈ with j - ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with I

kŏji

Slide 34

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ- ㅈㅈㅈㅈ with j - ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with I- ㄴㄴㄴㄴ ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with nm

kŏjinm

Slide 35

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ- ㅈㅈㅈㅈ with j - ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with I- ㄴㄴㄴㄴ ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with nm- ㅏㅏㅏㅏ with a

kŏjinma

Slide 36

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with k- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ- ㅈㅈㅈㅈ with j - ㅣㅣㅣㅣ with I- ㄴㄴㄴㄴ ㅁㅁㅁㅁ with nm- ㅏㅏㅏㅏ with a- ㄹㄹㄹㄹ with l

kŏjinmal

Slide 37

Example 3: 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말

� Thus, the word 거짓말거짓말거짓말거짓말 is romanized as kŏŏŏŏjinmal .

거짓말 kŏjinmal

Slide 38

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� A Korean word consists of three syllables including syllables beginning with vowels: eg. 외국어외국어외국어외국어

- initial element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ

ㅇ

Slide 39

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� A Korean word consists of three syllables including syllables beginning with vowels: eg. 외국어외국어외국어외국어

- initial element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ- vowel ㅚㅚㅚㅚ

외

Slide 40

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� A Korean word consists of three syllables including syllables beginning with vowels: eg. 외국어외국어외국어외국어

- initial element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ- vowel ㅚㅚㅚㅚ- medial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ

외 ㄱ

Slide 41

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� A Korean word consists of three syllables including syllables beginning with vowels: eg. 외국어외국어외국어외국어

- initial element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ- vowel ㅚㅚㅚㅚ- medial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅜㅜㅜㅜ

외구

Slide 42

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� A Korean word consists of three syllables including syllables beginning with vowels: eg. 외국어외국어외국어외국어

- initial element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ- vowel ㅚㅚㅚㅚ- medial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅜㅜㅜㅜ- medial elements ㄱㄱㄱㄱ ㅇㅇㅇㅇ

외국ㅇ

Slide 43

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� A Korean word consists of three syllables including syllables beginning with vowels: eg. 외국어외국어외국어외국어

- initial element ㅇㅇㅇㅇ- vowel ㅚㅚㅚㅚ- medial element ㄱㄱㄱㄱ- vowel ㅜㅜㅜㅜ- medial elements ㄱㄱㄱㄱ ㅇㅇㅇㅇ- vowel ㅓㅓㅓㅓ

외국어

Slide 44

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with nothing- ㅚㅚㅚㅚ with oe

oe

Slide 45

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with nothing- ㅚㅚㅚㅚ with oe- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with g

oeg

Slide 46

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with nothing- ㅚㅚㅚㅚ with oe- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with g- ㅜㅜㅜㅜ with u

oegu

Slide 47

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with nothing- ㅚㅚㅚㅚ with oe- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with g- ㅜㅜㅜㅜ with u- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with g nothing

oegug

Slide 48

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� Using the McCune-Reischauer Romanization Tables (Consonants and Vowels), romanizeaccordingly

- ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with nothing- ㅚㅚㅚㅚ with oe- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ with g- ㅜㅜㅜㅜ with u- ㄱㄱㄱㄱ ㅇㅇㅇㅇ with g nothing- ㅓㅓㅓㅓ with ŏŏŏŏ

oegugŏŏŏŏ

Slide 49

Example 4: 외국어외국어외국어외국어

� Thus, the word 외국어외국어외국어외국어 is romanized as oegug ŏŏŏŏ.

oegugŏŏŏŏ외국어

Slide 50

Practice Exercises (1)

� 문학문학문학문학

� 현대화현대화현대화현대화

� 바가지바가지바가지바가지

� 정리정리정리정리

� 국민국민국민국민

� Answers shown on the next slide.

Slide 51

Practice Exercises (1) - Answers

� 문학문학문학문학

� 현대화현대화현대화현대화

� 바가지바가지바가지바가지

� 정리정리정리정리

� 국민국민국민국민

� munhak� hyŏŏŏŏndaehwa� pagaji� chŏŏŏŏngni� kungmin

Slide 52

Practice Exercises (2)

� 신라신라신라신라

� 철학철학철학철학

� 잇몸잇몸잇몸잇몸

� 쉼표쉼표쉼표쉼표

� 깍뚜기깍뚜기깍뚜기깍뚜기

� Answers shown on the next slide.

Slide 53

Practice Exercises (2) - Answers

� 신라신라신라신라

� 철학철학철학철학

� 잇몸잇몸잇몸잇몸

� 쉼표쉼표쉼표쉼표

� 깍뚜기깍뚜기깍뚜기깍뚜기

� Silla� ch’ŏŏŏŏrhak� inmom� shwimp’yo� kkakttugi

Slide 54

Practice Exercises (3)

� 입문론입문론입문론입문론

� 언어언어언어언어

� 도교도교도교도교

� 총론총론총론총론

� 도움말도움말도움말도움말

� Answers shown on the next slide.

Slide 55

Practice Exercises (3) - Answers

� 입문론입문론입문론입문론

� 언어언어언어언어

� 도교도교도교도교

� 총론총론총론총론

� 도움말도움말도움말도움말

� immunnon� ŏŏŏŏnŏŏŏŏ� Togyo� ch’ongnon� toummal

Slide 56

Practice Exercises (4)

� 탁류탁류탁류탁류

� 평준화평준화평준화평준화

� 난중일기난중일기난중일기난중일기

� 약물약물약물약물

� 그늘그늘그늘그늘

� Answers shown on the next slide.

Slide 57

Practice Exercises (4) - Answers

� 탁류탁류탁류탁류

� 평준화평준화평준화평준화

� 난중일기난중일기난중일기난중일기

� 약물약물약물약물

� 그늘그늘그늘그늘

� t’angnyu� p’yŏŏŏŏngjunhwa� Nanjung ilgi� yangmul� kŭŭŭŭnŭŭŭŭl