Review Questions

1) What is osmosis?2) Does a saltwater fish lose water from its

body, or gain water? 3) Is saltwater a hypertonic or hypotonic

solution for the fish?4) Is your body in homeostasis right now?5) Try to guess what the most important

organ on a fish is for its osmoregulation.

6) What is a semi-permeable membrane?

Student Question

1) How can an octopus know what color to change to?

They do this using chromatophore and iridophore cells. Iridiphore cells can reflect what is beneath the octopus. I think these are voluntary AND involuntary responses.

Lesson 3: Human Excretory System Organs and Function

Foundation Science SC 22101

Human Excretory System Organs

1) Kidneys2) Skin3) Lungs4) Ureters5) Urinary Bladder6) Urethra7) Liver**Not really an excretory system

organ

Human Excretory System Organs

The kidneys’ job is to take waste out of the bloodstream. They do this by making urine.

Human Excretory System Organs

The kidneys’ job is to take waste out of the bloodstream. They do this by making urine.

Real kidney

Human Excretory System Organs

Kidneys also keep the correct amount of ions outside of the body’s cells so the body can maintain homeostasis.

How do the Kidneys Work?

1) Blood with toxins in it is brought to the kidney by the aorta artery (red).

Kidney

How do the Kidneys Work?

1) Blood with toxins in it is brought to the kidney by the aorta artery (red).

2) Toxins are taken out of the blood and made into urine which empties to the bladder in ureters.

Kidney

How do the Kidneys Work?

1) Blood with toxins in it is brought to the kidney by the aorta artery (red).

2) Toxins are taken out of the blood and made into urine which empties to the bladder in ureters.

3) Clean blood is then sent out of the kidney in the vena cava vein (blue).

Kidney

Draw and Label

Use BLUE and RED!Label the kidney,

aorta, vena cava, renal arteries and veins, ureters, and bladder.

How Does the Kidney Take Out the Toxins?

When the dirty blood enters the kidney it passes through units called nephrons.

As the blood passes through each glomerulus filter, water and waste is taken out.

How Does the Kidney Take Out the Toxins?

When the dirty blood enters the kidney it passes through units called nephrons.

As the blood passes through each glomerulus filter, water and waste is taken out.

What is your urine made from??

How Does the Kidney Take Out the Toxins?

When the dirty blood enters the kidney it passes through units called nephrons.

As the blood passes through each glomerulus filter, water and waste is taken out.

What is your urine made from??

Waste from Blood!

Picture Showing

Blood Vessels Taking Blood In and Out of

the Kidney

Picture Showing

Glomerulus Filters in a Nephron

How the Kidney Gets Waste Out…….

Ureters

The urine (waste) collects, goes down the ureters and into the bladder.

Ureters

Ureter function: to bring the waste from blood (=urine) to the bladder.

Bladder

The bladder stores the urine.

Bladder

The bladder stores the urine.

Empty Bladder

Full Bladder

Urethra

Carries urine from the bladder.

In males, the urethra ends at the tip of the penis. In females, the urethra ends near the opening of the vagina.

Kidney

Urethra

Go back and put a female urethra on your drawing. Kidney

Lungs

Lungs absorb oxygen for respiration.

Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of respiration. The lungs expel carbon dioxide. This is why lungs are part of the excretory system.

Lungs

-Oxygen comes into the trachea, and then into the lungs through bronchus and bronchioles.

Lungs

-Oxygen comes into the trachea, and then into the lungs through bronchus and bronchioles.

-Oxygen then moves to alveoli. Blood vessels around the alveoli then transport the O2 for respiration.

Alveoli in the Lungs

-The carbon dioxide made during respiration then returns back to alveoli where it is absorbed and exhaled.

Review Alveoli With

Picture

Draw a ball of alveoli with its blood vessels. Show arrows

() with blood coming IN and

OUT. Show which blood

has O2 (veins), and which

blood has CO2 (arteries).

Breathing

-Inhale oxygen-Exhale CO2 made

during cell respiration

What is cell respiration?

Breathing

-Inhale oxygen-Exhale CO2 made

during cell respiration

What is cell respiration?

It is the release of energy from nutrients and O2 in the cells.

SkinSkin is the largest organ in the

body. Why is the skin part of the

excretory system?

SkinSkin is the largest organ in the

body. Why is the skin part of the

excretory system? Sweat.Water, urea and salt are excreted

in sweat.

SkinSkin is the largest organ in the

body. Why is the skin part of the

excretory system? Sweat.Water, urea and salt are excreted

in sweat.Epidermis – outer layer of skin

protects the body from bacteria. (the outer layer of your epidermis is dead skin, this is where most of the dust in your house comes from).

SkinSkin is the largest organ in the

body. Why is the skin part of the

excretory system? Sweat.Water, urea and salt are excreted

in sweat.Epidermis – outer layer of skin

protects the body from bacteria. (the outer layer of your epidermis is dead skin, this is where most of the dust in your house comes from).

Dermis – this layer is alive and contains blood vessels and sweat glands.

Liver?....

Liver turns ammonia into urea.Also helps remove poisonous substances like mercury from body.Liver is considered a digestive system organ, but plays an

important role in excretion as well.

1) How do the kidneys filter blood?2) What job do the lungs perform in eliminating waste from the body?3) What is in sweat?4) Name 3 ways that wastes are taken out of the body.5) Books like to color arteries _________, and veins _________. Which color carries

oxygen?6) Oxygen travels into bronchioles, then into __________ where it is absorbed into the

bloodstream. 7) Carbon dioxide is brought to the lungs by ____________ where it is then absorbed by

alveoli and exhaled by the lungs. 8) Name one difference between an artery and a vein.9) What is the main artery that supplies the kidneys with “dirty” blood called? 10) A car has an oil filter to clean its oil : A nephron has a __________ to clean its blood. 11) Your _________converts ammonia into urea. The urea is then moved down by the

aorta to your ___________ where it is taken out of the bloodstream by _________. 12) Name 2 places that urea can be excreted from the body. 13) What is the job of alveoli?14) Explain the difference between a nephron and a glomerulus. 15) What part of the body does cell respiration take place?