Post on 27-Dec-2015
The Digestive SystemThe Digestive System
Digestive SystemDigestive System
Alimentary canalAlimentary canal
Accessory digestive organsAccessory digestive organs
6 essential activities6 essential activities
Regulation (mechanical and chemical stimuli)
Extrinsic control
Intrinsic control
Histology of the Alimentary CanalHistology of the Alimentary Canal
The mucus secretionsThe mucus secretions FunctionsFunctions CellsCells
MucosaMucosa3 functions3 functions
Consists of three layers:Consists of three layers: a lining epithelium, lamina propriaa lining epithelium, lamina propria, , and and muscularis mucosaemuscularis mucosae
Lamina PropriaLamina Propria
Muscularis mucosaeMuscularis mucosae
Mucosa: Mucosa: Lamina Propria and Muscularis MucosaeLamina Propria and Muscularis Mucosae
Other layersOther layers
SubmucosaSubmucosa
Muscularis externaMuscularis externa
SerosaSerosa
MouthMouth
Oral or buccal cavityOral or buccal cavity
EpitheliumEpithelium
characteristiccharacteristic
Salivary GlandsSalivary Glands
4 functions 4 functions
3 (pair) Extrinsic salivary glands 3 (pair) Extrinsic salivary glands
Intrinsic salivary glandsIntrinsic salivary glands
Digestive Processes in the MouthDigestive Processes in the Mouth
PharynxPharynx
Food and fluids to the esophagusFood and fluids to the esophagus CellsCells
EsophagusEsophagus
Muscular tube, Muscularis changes enrouteMuscular tube, Muscularis changes enroute
StomachStomach
chymechyme
RegionsRegions
Nerve supply
Blood supply
Muscles of stomach
Microscopic Anatomy of the StomachMicroscopic Anatomy of the Stomach
Epithelial lining Epithelial lining
Gastric pits Gastric pits
Glands of the Stomach Fundus and BodyGlands of the Stomach Fundus and Body
Gastric glandsGastric glands
Parietal
Mucous neck cells
Chief cells
Enteroendocrine cells – secrete gastrin, histamine, endorphins, serotonin, cholecystokinin (CCK), and somatostatin into the lamina propria
Small Intestine: Microscopic AnatomySmall Intestine: Microscopic Anatomy
Plicae circularesPlicae circulares Villi Villi MicrovilliMicrovilli
Structural modifications:Structural modifications:
Cells and structuresCells and structures
LiverLiver
CellsCells
FunctionsFunctions
Hepatic Artery Hepatic Artery and Hepatic Portal Veinand Hepatic Portal Vein
The GallbladderThe Gallbladder
Function of gallbladder
Bile
Function of bile
Gallstones
BileBile
bile salts, bile pigments, cholesterol, neutral fats, phospholipids, and electrolytes
Regulation of Bile ReleaseRegulation of Bile Release
PancreasPancreas
Endocrine functionEndocrine function Islets of LangerhansIslets of Langerhans
Exocrine functionExocrine function Acini CellsAcini Cells
Pancreatic Juice and Pancreatic Juice and enzymesenzymes
Regulation of Pancreatic SecretionRegulation of Pancreatic Secretion
Large IntestineLarge Intestine
CellsCells
FunctionsFunctions
Bacterial FloraBacterial Flora
Digestive phases:Digestive phases:
OverlappingOverlapping
CephalicCephalic
GastricGastric
IntestinalIntestinal
NutritionNutrition
NutrientsNutrients
MineralsMinerals
VitaminsVitamins