The Cold WarThe Cold War

Discussion Q’s– Need a Sheet Discussion Q’s– Need a Sheet of Paperof Paper

What was the role of the USSR in What was the role of the USSR in WWII?WWII?

What were the effects of WWII on the What were the effects of WWII on the USSR?USSR?

Why did the USSR fear the West / Why did the USSR fear the West / U.S.?U.S.?

Why was the West / U.S. afraid of the Why was the West / U.S. afraid of the USSR?USSR?

Soviet Distrust of the WestSoviet Distrust of the West

Western Opposition to Bolsheviks Western Opposition to Bolsheviks

a.a. In 1919, Russia’s In 1919, Russia’s former World War I former World War I allies (Britain, France allies (Britain, France and the United and the United States) joined the States) joined the "White Russians" to "White Russians" to fight off the fight off the Bolsheviks following Bolsheviks following the revolution.  the revolution. 

Disregard for Soviet Diplomatic GoalsDisregard for Soviet Diplomatic Goals

• USSR was not USSR was not invited to Paris invited to Paris Peace Conference Peace Conference in 1919 or to join in 1919 or to join the League of the League of NationsNations

Soviet Annexation of Eastern Poland Soviet Annexation of Eastern Poland during WWII during WWII

(Made Non-Aggression Pact with (Made Non-Aggression Pact with Hitler)Hitler)

Nuremburg TrialsNuremburg Trials

From the carcass of GermanyFrom the carcass of GermanyFrom occupation to… extended occupation.

1. The political divisions put into place.

2. Churchill, FDR and Stalin agreed to divide Germany into four occupation zones.

Organize!Organize!

Berlin BlockadeBerlin Blockade Stalin responded on June 24 by attempting Stalin responded on June 24 by attempting

to force the western allies out of Berlin to force the western allies out of Berlin altogether. altogether.

He cut off rail and road access to the He cut off rail and road access to the western side of the city.western side of the city.

‘‘48-49 Berlin Blockade48-49 Berlin BlockadeThe Soviets get the bomb and try to siege Berlin

Airlift to the rescue!

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift June 1948 - May 1949, June 1948 - May 1949,

the Western Allies the Western Allies mounted an airlift mounted an airlift supply blockaded areas.supply blockaded areas.

On May 12, 1949 Stalin On May 12, 1949 Stalin lifted the blockade and lifted the blockade and the Cold War was the Cold War was underway. underway.

Video 5 min

1961: A Wall Goes up in Berlin1961: A Wall Goes up in Berlin

‘‘48 Marshal Tito defies USSR48 Marshal Tito defies USSR

‘‘55 Warsaw Pact55 Warsaw Pact

Soviet Development of Atomic Soviet Development of Atomic BombBomb

The Soviets were The Soviets were not far behind the not far behind the US in developing US in developing the atomic bomb the atomic bomb and accomplished and accomplished it in 1949 it in 1949

The Arms RaceThe Arms Race Once the Soviet Union Once the Soviet Union

successfully tested the successfully tested the atomic bomb, the atomic bomb, the arms race was on. arms race was on.

MAD (mutually MAD (mutually assured destruction) assured destruction) was designed to keep was designed to keep both sides from both sides from "pushing the button," "pushing the button," by giving both sides by giving both sides equality in "kill power."equality in "kill power."

Definition of “Cold War”Definition of “Cold War”

““A state of political hostility between A state of political hostility between countries characterized by threats, countries characterized by threats, propaganda, and other measures propaganda, and other measures short of open warfare.”short of open warfare.”

- Oxford Dictionary- Oxford Dictionary

‘‘50-53 Korea: 50-53 Korea: Good thing that’s overGood thing that’s over

‘‘53 Death of Josef Stalin53 Death of Josef Stalin

’’53 Nikita Kruschev53 Nikita Kruschev

He won’t bury you

‘‘56 Hungarian Uprising56 Hungarian Uprising

‘‘57 Space Race Begins!57 Space Race Begins!

But we all know how that endsBut we all know how that ends

‘Merica!

Rest of Kreschev’sRest of Kreschev’sreign: not so greatreign: not so great

Bay of Pigs, U2, Cuban Missile Crisis

U-2 Reconnaissance FlightsU-2 Reconnaissance Flights The United States U-The United States U-

2 reconaissance 2 reconaissance flights photographed flights photographed the sites under the sites under construction.construction.

The Cuban Missile Crisis The Cuban Missile Crisis In 1962, Fidel Castro In 1962, Fidel Castro

of Cuba gave of Cuba gave permission to the permission to the Soviet Union to build Soviet Union to build missile bases in missile bases in Cuba. Cuba.

Fidel Castro and Nikita Khruschev

The Response: A Blockade of The Response: A Blockade of CubaCuba

President Kennedy's President Kennedy's advisers were divided on advisers were divided on the best course of the best course of action. action.

Many wanted an air Many wanted an air strike to take out the strike to take out the missiles; others wanted missiles; others wanted a blockade. a blockade.

Brinkmanship: The World on the Brink of Brinkmanship: The World on the Brink of WarWar

The world held its The world held its breath as the Soviet breath as the Soviet ships approached the ships approached the blockade. Many blockade. Many feared that this was feared that this was "it," the long awaited "it," the long awaited and much feared and much feared nuclear war. nuclear war.

Missiles Were Removed from Missiles Were Removed from CubaCuba

After a series of After a series of telegrams between telegrams between Khruschev and Kennedy Khruschev and Kennedy and a secret promise to and a secret promise to remove American remove American missiles in Turkey missiles in Turkey offered by Robert offered by Robert Kennedy, war was Kennedy, war was avoided, and the avoided, and the missiles were removed missiles were removed from Cuba. from Cuba.

‘‘64 Leonid Brezhnev64 Leonid Brezhnev

‘65 Vietnam

‘‘68 Prague Spring68 Prague Spring

‘‘72 Détente: Peaceful Coexistence72 Détente: Peaceful Coexistence

One thing Nixon did right:SALTs I & II, the Biological Weapons Convention, and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Convention

‘‘79 Thatcher: the Manliest PM79 Thatcher: the Manliest PM

BFFL’s

‘‘82-8582-85ABC’s of Dead Russian LeadersABC’s of Dead Russian Leaders

Leonid Brezhnev

Yuri Andropov

Nikolai Tikonov

Konstantin Chernyenko

roflmao, commies!

‘‘85 Gorbachev: 85 Gorbachev: the Real Herothe Real Hero

It’s called a liver spot.

He did more for freedom & ending the Cold War than Rocky movies ever did

The Wall comes downThe Wall comes down

Sweet Freedom Sweet Freedom Spreads Spreads Thanks in

part to the greatest

Pope ever.

Boris YeltsinBoris YeltsinWhen he wasn’t giving money & power to his friends, he was accidentally freeing nations and drinking a lot of vodka.

FREEDOMFREEDOM

And nothing bad ever happened And nothing bad ever happened in Russia again.in Russia again.