Post on 03-Jan-2016
The Antibacterial Effects of a Household Cleaner
Greg VojtekCentral Catholic PittsburghGrade 9
Is an all natural cleaner better than a chemical based cleaner?
Problem
Introduction•Types of Cleaner Used
Fantastik Heavy Duty Cleaner
Seventh Generation All Natural Cleaner
•Types of Bacteria Used
Escherichia Coli
Fantastik
Kills 99.9 percent of bacteria in 10 seconds. Bacteria killed: Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis, Staphylococcus pyogenes, and Listeria monocytogenes.
Kills viruses that cause the common cold and flu, including Influenza A
Seventh Generation
• Made with all natural ingredients
•Kills 99.8 of the bacteria on surfaces.
•Biodegradable formula
o Inhabit intestinal tract
o Many different types
o Many are not harmful
o Different types of infections
o Serves as a common prokaryotic cell model
E.coli
Scientists in North Carolina have tested cleaners to see the
effects on the floor of a grocery store.
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory did an experiment
on the toxic levels of household cleaners.
In a recent study, that bleach is a leading cause of chemical
cleaner deaths.
Recent Studies
The purpose of this experiment is to test how well an all natural and a normal cleaner kill bacteria.
Purpose
o Null hypothesis: Seventh Generation and Fantastik cleaners will not significantly reduce E. coli survivorship.
Alternative hypothesis: Fantastik Cleaner and Seventh Generation Cleaner
will significantly reduce E. coli survivorship, and Fantastik cleaner will kill
more E coli.
Hypothesis
LB Media (0.5% yeast extract, 1% tryptone, 1% sodium chloride) E.coli DH5 Alpha Pipets Fantastik Heavy Duty Cleaner Seventh Generation Natural All Purpose Cleaner Filters Spreaders Ethanol Matches Test Tubes Vortex Bunsen burner Sterile Dilution Fluid (100mM KH2PO4, 100mM K2HPO4, 10mM
MgSO4, 1mM NaCl)
Materials
1. Escherichia coli B was grown overnight in sterile LB media.2. sample of the overnight culture was added to fresh media in a sterile
sidearm flask.3. The culture was incubated at 37°C until a density of 50 Klett
spectrophotometer units was reached. (Cell density approximately 108 cells/mL).
4. The culture was diluted in a sterile dilution fluid to a concentration of approximately 105 cells/mL.
5. The selected experimental variables were diluted with sterile dilution fluid to the chosen concentrations to a total of 9.9 mL.
6. 0.1 mL. of cell culture was then added to the test tubes, yielding a final volume of 10 mL. and a cell density of approximately 103 cells/mL.
7. The solution was mixed by vortexing and allowed to sit at room temperature for 15 minutes.
8. After vortexing to evenly suspend cells, 0.1 mL aliquots were removed from the tubes and spread on 64 LB agar plates.
9. The plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours.10. The resulting colonies were counted. Each colony is assumed to have
risen from one cell.
Procedure
Charts of Concentrations 0%
Cleaner0.10%
Cleaner1%
Cleaner10%
Cleaner
E. coli
0.1mL 0.1mL 0.1mL 0.1mLSDF
(SterileDilutionFluid)
9.9mL 9.89mL 9.8mL 8.9mL
Cleaner(Fantas
tik/Sevent
h Genera
tion)
0mL 0.01mL 0.1mL 1mL
Total 10mL 10mL 10mL 10mL
Fantastik AnovaAnova: Single Factor
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
Column 1 6 1786 297.6667 158.2667
Column 2 6 1511 251.8333 41.36667
Column 3 6 1313 218.8333 73.36667
Column 4 6 70 11.66667 11.86667
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 287697.7 3 95899.22 1346.584 3.11E-23 3.098391
Within Groups 1424.333 20 71.21667
Total 289122 23
Seventh Generation Anova
Anova: Single Factor
SUMMARY
Groups Count Sum Average Variance
Column 1 6 1788 298 130
Column 2 6 1173 195.5 422.7
Column 3 6 820 136.6667 157.0667
Column 4 6 545 90.83333 36.16667
ANOVA
Source of Variation SS df MS F P-value F crit
Between Groups 143954.8 3 47984.94 257.3149 3.86E-16 3.098391
Within Groups 3729.667 20 186.4833
Total 147684.5 23
Fantastik and Seventh Generation Survivorship Graph
0.00% 0.10% 1.00% 10.00%0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Fantastik
Seventh Generation298
195.5
251.8
136.6
218.8
11.6
90.8
Dunnett’s Test Analysis
T Critical = 3.10 (significant)
Alpha = 0.05
Pulse Liquid Exposure
Variable Concentration
T value Interpretation
0.1% Fantastik Cleaner
9.40 Significant
1% Fantastik Cleaner
16.17 Significant
10% Fantastik Cleaner
58.70 Significant
Dunnett’s Test Analysis
T Critical = 3.10 (significant)
Alpha = 0.05
Pulse Liquid Exposure
Variable Concentration
T value Interpretation
0.1% Seventh Generation
13.00 Significant
1% Seventh Generation
20.47 Significant
10% Seventh Generation
26.28 Significant
ConclusionoThe null hypothesis that Fantastik and
Seventh Generation cleaners do not
affect E. coli survivorship was rejected
for all concentrations.
Different Cleaners
Test different bacteria
Test in different temperature
The cleaner could be infused into the agar
for a long exposure test.
Extensions
Only Could test two cleaners
Only had 4 different concentrations
The plating process could been done more
careful
Limitations
http://www.goodguide.com/products/171413-fantastik-all-purpose-cleaner-antibacterial-lemo http://www.scrubbingbubbles.com/Products/Pages/antibacterial-fantastik-all-purpose-cleaner-heavy-
duty.aspx http://www.seventhgeneration.com/Green-Cleaning http://www.soap.com/buy?freetext=Seventh%20Generation%20-%20&queryfrom=n&viewheader=n
&utm_source=Google&utm_medium=cpc_S&utm_content=HouseHold&utm_campaign=HH-Seventh%20Generation&src=soapsave15&utm_term=seventh%20generation%20cleaners
http://www.scrubbingbubbles.com/Products/Pages/default.aspx http://lakeland.edu/AboutUs/MSDS/PDFs/919/Fantastik%20Heavy%20Duty%20(SC%20Johnson).pdf http://www.wikipedia.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli http://health.usnews.com/health-news/family-health/allergy-and-asthma/articles/2008/07/25/health-
hazards-in-household-cleaners-exposed
Sources