ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTSANTIBACTERIAL AGENTSAre prescribed to combat disease producing microorganisms ( pathogens)Used interchangeab! "ith antimicrobia and antibiotic#hat are disease producing pathogens$Bacteria%iruses&ungiANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS'eniciinsCephaosporins(acroidesTetrac!cines Aminog!cosides )uoro*uinoones BACTERI+STATICInhibit the gro"th o& bacteriaTetrac!cine and su&onamidesBACTERICI,AL-is bacteria'eniciins and cephaosporinsBACTERIASinge ce organisms ac.ing a true nuceus and nucear membraneBacius / rod shapeCocci0 sphericaGram positi1e0retain purpe stainGram negati1e0not stained(EC2ANIS( +) ANTIBACTERIAL ACTI+NInhibition o& bacteria "a s!nthesisAteration o& membrane permeabiit!Inhibition o& protein s!nthesisInhibition o& the s!nthesis o& bacteria RNA and ,NAInter&erence "ith metaboism "ithin the ce(echanism o& ActionACTI+N E))ECT ,RUGSInhibition o& ce "a s!nthesisBactericida e&&ectEn3!me brea.do"n o& ce "aInhibition o& en3!mes in s!nthesis o& ce "a'eniciinCephaosporinsBacitracin%ancom!cinAmphotericin B(echanism o& ActionACTI+N E))ECT ,RUGSAteration in membrane permeabiit!Bacteriostatic or bactericida e&&ect(embrane permeabiit! increaseN!statin'o!m!4inCoistin(echanism o& ActionACTI+N E))ECT ,RUGSInhibition o& protein s!nthesisInter&eres "ith protein s!nthesis "5o a&&ecting the norma cesAminog!cosidesTetrac!cinesEr!throm!cinincom!cin(echanism o& ActionACTI+N E))ECT ,RUGSInter&erence "ith ceuar metaboismInter&eres "ith steps o& metaboism "ithin the ceSu&onamidesTrimetoprimIsonia3idNaidi4ic acidRi&ampin 'harmaco.inetics (ust penetrate bacteria ce "a and ha1e an a&&init! to the binding sites on the bacteria ceStead! state o& the antibacteria drug occurs a&ter the &ourth to &i&th ha& i1esEiminated through the urine a&ter the 6th ha& i&e'harmacod!namics Attain bactericida e&&ect i& "ithin or abo1e the minimum e&&ecti1e concentration ((EC)Genera ad1erse reaction to antibacteria drugsAerg!5h!persensiti1it!Superin&ection+rgan to4icit! Aerg! and h!persensiti1it!(a! be mid to se1ereSensiti1it! test must be per&ormed prior to administration o& the prescribed doseSuperin&ection Secondar! in&ection "hen norma microbia &ora o& the bod! is disturbed+rgan to4icit! Li1er and .idne!s are a&&ectedNARR+# S'ECTRU( ANTIBI+TICSE&&ecti1e against one t!pe o& organism'eniciin and er!throm!cin against gram positi1eBR+A, S'ECTRU(E&&ecti1e against gram positi1e and gram negati1e organismsUsed "hen o&&ending organism is not identi&iedTetrac!cines and cephaosporins'ENICILLINS AN, CE'2AL+S'+RINSPenicillins Natura antibacteria agent obtained &rom the mod genus 'eniciium(irace drug'en G "as the &irst to be administered ora! and b! in7ection'en %0ne4t t!pe produced)ood inter&eres "ith absorption'eniciinsBeta actam antibioticsBeta actamases0 produced b! bacteria and inacti1ates peniciinBASIC 'ENICILLINS'eniciin G procaine'eniciin G ben3athine'eniciin G sodium'eniciin % potassiumBroad spectrum peniciins Ampiciin ( Co4apen)Amo4iciin ( Amo4i )Bacampiciin ( Spectrobid)Amo4iciin0ca1uanate (Augmentin)Ampiciin /subactam (Unas!n)'eniciinase resistant peniciins ( Antistaph!ococca peniciins )Used to treat peniciinase producing S aureusCo4aciin (Co4apen) and dico4aciin ( ,!napen)0ora prepNa&ciin (Unipen) and o4aciin ( 'rostaphin) / I% and I( prepE8TEN,E, S'ECTRU( 'ENICILLINSAntipseudomona peniciinsUse&u against -ebsiea pneumoniae9 enterobacter9 acinetobacterCarbeniciin indan! ( Geociin)(e3ociin sodium ((e3in)Beta Lactamase InhibitorsBroad spectrum antibiotic ( amo4iciin) combined "ith a beta actamase (en3!me inhibitor5ca1uanic acid): amo4iciin0ca1uanic acid ( Augmentin)E4ampes ;+ra use ; amo4iciin0ca1uanic acid ( Augmentin)'arentera use; ampiciin subactam ( Unas!n)9piperaciin0ta3obactam (