Alganesh T.,Mehamed Ehsan.D,Kassahun E., Basazin F.,Tesfaye W.S.,Marteen, Imke, Tesema T. and Wilson M.

Institute of BiodiversityConservation

Synopsis

•Introduction•Objectives•Methodology•Results•Recommendations

The effect of physical feature of EthiopiaChallengesOptions

Introduction

The possible explanations Physical feature of the country

Chain mountains 4620 m.a.s.l

120 m.b.s.l

• Great Rift Valley ¨µ‹“ c”cKT }^a‹Great Rift Valley

Rivers and lakes

Arabian seaIndian ocean

Atlantic ocean

862/16

All this situation makes the countryto have diversified ecological zone

201/9

277/31

74

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1960 G.C 2002 G.C 2008 G.C 2011 G.C 2020 G.C

30,000,000

67,000,00076,000,000 80,000,000

130 ,000,000oDemographic pressure

World :9600/hourEthiopia : 193 / hour

: 4632/day

oClimate change

cereals45,00075%

pulses8,00013%

oil crops7,00012%

What we have done ? oEx-situ conservation60,000 acc. orthodocs seeds10,000acc. recalsitrant

26,000 accession of W&B stored

39%

61% Other cerealsWheat & Barley

What's not?

oIn - Situ Conservation?????oInventory???????????????

12 community gene banks

•Taxonomic classification

WheatFamily :Poaceae

Genus :Triticum

Origin and Domestication

o Fertile crescent, domesticated 10,000 years ago

Barley Family :Poaceae

Genus :Hordeum

Objectives

oTo identify promising adaptive variants

oEvaluate and characterize prommising accessions from

gene banks with the participation of women farmers

oTo make available & provide access to better-suited crop

varieties for targeted local communities to use in adapting

to climate change.

Materials and Methods

oGenetic materials – 100 Acc of Wheat & 100 Acc of barley

(Koka, Ejerie, & Cheffe- 1400,2200 &2450Evaluators

o140 W and 10 couples were selected oExploited 19 traits for wheat & 16 traits for barley.

0

20

40

60

Wheat Barley

41 55

No

of v

aria

nts

Crop type

No of variants found per crop

10 v excellent performance

14v off type

17v intermidate

EP

ISH

OT

41 variants found per2000genotypes of wheat in Koka

0123456789

9VW5VR

3VP

No of variants selected by women farmers / seed color

17 v selected by farmers

7 v 23v8 v8V

Farmers selection Researchers selection

Common variant

2 v 2v8 v13V

Koka site Ejerie site

Comparison made among sites

33v

How selection criteria affects diversity ?

o Math logic :1X + 1X = 2X ,o Diversity logic : 1X + 1X = only 1Xo………………...: 1X + 1Y = 3 = X,xy,Y

oTherefore ,we have to look always for the unique character

15 vroughin koka

16 vsmoothin cheffe

15 v RA in Ejerie

Awn roughness farmers preference

Land race Improved variety

Some variants susceptible to head smut

Ethiopian seed Custodian

Ik not documented

Cause & effect of genetic erosion

RecommendationsFarmers are a source of valuable information and knowledge.

Therefore, it should be documented protected and broad cast

their vital indigenous knowledge

Without a diverse genetic reservoir to draw for further

improvement may not be possible, therefore it should be

conserve our genetic reservoir.

It would be better to encourage farmers to continue to manage

a landrace gene pool in evolutionary real time

Conservation

IK

Research

Relax but respect the ecosystem

Thank you