Tesema Alganesh: Role of gene bank in adaptation to climate change in three sites of Showa region in...
39
Alganesh T.,Mehamed Ehsan.D,Kassahun E., Basazin F.,Tesfaye W.S.,Marteen, Imke, Tesema T. and Wilson M. Institute of Biodiversity Conservation
-
Upload
africaadapt -
Category
Documents
-
view
1.440 -
download
4
Transcript of Tesema Alganesh: Role of gene bank in adaptation to climate change in three sites of Showa region in...
Alganesh T.,Mehamed Ehsan.D,Kassahun E., Basazin F.,Tesfaye W.S.,Marteen, Imke, Tesema T. and Wilson M.
Institute of BiodiversityConservation
Synopsis
•Introduction•Objectives•Methodology•Results•Recommendations
The effect of physical feature of EthiopiaChallengesOptions
Introduction
The possible explanations Physical feature of the country
Chain mountains 4620 m.a.s.l
120 m.b.s.l
• Great Rift Valley ¨µ‹“ c”cKT }^a‹Great Rift Valley
Rivers and lakes
Arabian seaIndian ocean
Atlantic ocean
862/16
All this situation makes the countryto have diversified ecological zone
201/9
277/31
74
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1960 G.C 2002 G.C 2008 G.C 2011 G.C 2020 G.C
30,000,000
67,000,00076,000,000 80,000,000
130 ,000,000oDemographic pressure
World :9600/hourEthiopia : 193 / hour
: 4632/day
oClimate change
cereals45,00075%
pulses8,00013%
oil crops7,00012%
What we have done ? oEx-situ conservation60,000 acc. orthodocs seeds10,000acc. recalsitrant
26,000 accession of W&B stored
39%
61% Other cerealsWheat & Barley
What's not?
oIn - Situ Conservation?????oInventory???????????????
12 community gene banks
•Taxonomic classification
WheatFamily :Poaceae
Genus :Triticum
Origin and Domestication
o Fertile crescent, domesticated 10,000 years ago
Barley Family :Poaceae
Genus :Hordeum
Objectives
oTo identify promising adaptive variants
oEvaluate and characterize prommising accessions from
gene banks with the participation of women farmers
oTo make available & provide access to better-suited crop
varieties for targeted local communities to use in adapting
to climate change.
Materials and Methods
oGenetic materials – 100 Acc of Wheat & 100 Acc of barley
(Koka, Ejerie, & Cheffe- 1400,2200 &2450Evaluators
o140 W and 10 couples were selected oExploited 19 traits for wheat & 16 traits for barley.
0
20
40
60
Wheat Barley
41 55
No
of v
aria
nts
Crop type
No of variants found per crop
10 v excellent performance
14v off type
17v intermidate
EP
ISH
OT
41 variants found per2000genotypes of wheat in Koka
0123456789
9VW5VR
3VP
No of variants selected by women farmers / seed color
17 v selected by farmers
7 v 23v8 v8V
Farmers selection Researchers selection
Common variant
2 v 2v8 v13V
Koka site Ejerie site
Comparison made among sites
33v
How selection criteria affects diversity ?
o Math logic :1X + 1X = 2X ,o Diversity logic : 1X + 1X = only 1Xo………………...: 1X + 1Y = 3 = X,xy,Y
oTherefore ,we have to look always for the unique character
15 vroughin koka
16 vsmoothin cheffe
15 v RA in Ejerie
Awn roughness farmers preference
Land race Improved variety
Some variants susceptible to head smut
Ethiopian seed Custodian
Ik not documented
Cause & effect of genetic erosion
RecommendationsFarmers are a source of valuable information and knowledge.
Therefore, it should be documented protected and broad cast
their vital indigenous knowledge
Without a diverse genetic reservoir to draw for further
improvement may not be possible, therefore it should be
conserve our genetic reservoir.
It would be better to encourage farmers to continue to manage
a landrace gene pool in evolutionary real time
Conservation
IK
Research
Relax but respect the ecosystem
Thank you
