Post on 19-Jul-2015
Claude Rochet
Ten rules to fail and succeed in a smart city project
Prof. Claude Rochet
Claude.rochet@univ-amu.frClaude.rochet@finances.gouv.fr
1
The French experience: the city as a system with multiple equilibrium
• A cluster dedicated to
smart cities: Advancity
• Pilot research projects
with large enterprises,
SME, and research
laboratories
• Return of experiences on
both national and int’l
basis
une approche par la modélisation systémique
A set of 10 rules to conceive and monitor the city as a complex system
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
#1 Technology is NOT an end in itself : it’s an add-on, real life must come first
4
Why building a city & what are the strategic goals? Who
are the stakeholders?
What are the generic functions to be performed
by a smart city?
With which organs? Technical devices, software…
With which smart people?
Conception, metamodel framework, steering
Subsystems and processes
People and tools
Why designing this ecosystem?Who will live in the city?What are its activities?
How the city will be fed?Where the city is located ? (context)
What are the functions to be performed to reach the goals and how do they interact?
With which organs and ressources?
How people will interact with the artifacts?
How civic life will organize?
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
#2 Think the city as o system of system (SoS)
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
Organ 1Organ 1 Organ 2Organ 2 Organ 3Organ 3 Organ nOrgan n
Function 1Function 1 Function 1Function 1 Function 1Function 1 Function 1Function 1
SoS 1SoS 1 SoS nSoS n
CityCity
Technical organs
Functions to be
delivered
Emerging
results
#3: Design a monitorable system to avoid being monitored by it
17/02/2014
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
Define the limits of the city!Avoid city spread as oil stain!
#4 Think in terms of patterns, not addition of technologies
7
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
A pattern defines a function the city must comply with the objective “Why the city” and therefore sets constraints to be respected by the designer.
#5 Do not rely on a single OS
• Conceive the city
OS weblike able to
evolve organically
with open
standards and open
source software
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
#6 Make the code transparentConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
Who will regulate the regulator?
#7 Take care of public ownership on data, soft & hardware
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
#8 Invest in civic labs as places for experimentation
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
12
Lev
els
of c
omp
lexi
ty
City
Functions
Citizens
Complex systems engineering Extended P.A Political philosophy
Complex system
modeling
Interaction and synergies
Social networks and interactions
Overlaps and interactions
Common good as an emergence and
structuring finality
Ends and means of wealth creation
Civic implication
PolycentricGovce
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
#9 The task of Gov’t is to foster thinking across discipline in a joint innovation process
#10 Invest in reliability and resilience: always test the worst scenario!
ConceptionConception OwnershipOwnership
Continuous innovation
Continuous innovationSafety and resilienceSafety and resilience
StabilityStability
CrisisCrisis
Reinventing
Reinventing
Reinventing the code
Reinventing the code
An ongoing case study: Improving social capital, bottom-up vs. top-down: The case of Christchurch (NZ)
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Chinese vision of smart cities challenge: innovation or slum?
In the search of increasing returns by correlating urbanization and innovation