Post on 13-May-2015
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
Derived from Greek word 'Systema'. Means an organised relationship among
functional units or components.
A group of interdependent items that interact regularly to perform a task.
A computer system refers to the hardware and software components that run a computer or computers.
Definition
A system is an orderly grouping of interdependent components linked together according to a plan to achieve a specific objective.
System has 3 basic implications- A predetermined objective- Interelationship and interdependence
among the components.- Objectives of the organisation have a higher
priority than that of components.
SYSTEM
ProcessingInput Output
Characteristics of a system
Organised : Well structured arrangement of components
Interaction:Manner in which each component interact with each other
Interdependence:Dependence of one subsystem on one or more subsystems
Integration: Functional integrity of the subcomponents and the system as a whole
Central Objective:Goal of the organization
Elements of a system Inputs and Outputs
Constraint
Processors
Control
Feedback
Environment Boundaries and Interface
Types of System
A dynamic system is a system that is constantly changing, like the human body system.
A static system is a system in which there is no change, like the solar system.
Dynamic systems tend to become static or attain a state of equilibrium.
e.g. if a car is assumed to be a dynamic system, then it requires fuel to continue moving forward or else it would come to a stop and become static.
Open Systems
Interaction across boundaries
Recieves and delivers input and output to the outside world.
Adapts the changing demands of the user.
Characteristics of open systems
Input from outside
Entropy
Process output to outside world
Equifinality
CLOSED SYSTEM
Isolated from environmental influences
Completely closed system is rare
Logical and Physical system description
Logical system descriptionDescription of a system that focuses on the system
function and purpose without regard to how the system will physically implemented
Physical system descriptionDescription of a system that focuses on the how
the system will be materially constructed
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Information system is an organised combination of people, hardware,software, communication, networks and data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information in an organisation.
COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
DATA
PEOPLE
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
NETWORKS
TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
FORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
INFORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
COMPUTER BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM
FORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
Based on an organisation chart
There will be a pattern of authority, communication and work flow.
Information is in the form of reports, instructions, memos.
INFORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
Designed to achieve company goal
Employee based system
COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM
Depends on computer system for business handling and problem solving
Structured problem -Definite format, definite solution
ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM
Support of business operations
Support of managerial decision making
Support of Strategic competitive advantage
INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTIVITIES
Input of data resourcesData entry activitiesRecording and editing of data
Processing of data into informationCalculating, comparing, sorting, classifying, summarizing
Output of information productsIn the form of messages,reports,forms, graphs etc
Storage of data resourcesBasic system component of information systems.Stored data in the form of records, files databases .
Control of System performanceMonitoring and evaluating the feedback.