Sucker Rod Pumps 2001 CD

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ARTIFICIAL LIFT SYSTEMS

Introduction

Components

Applications &

Considerations

Troubleshooting

IntroductionIntroduction

General

Well Design

Complete

ConventionalSucker Rod

System

APIClassification

API Method of Pump

Assembly Description

Heavy-Wall

Barrel

Thin-Wall

Barrel

Heavy-Wall

Barrel

Thin-Wall

Barrel

Stationary Barrel,

Top Anchor RHA RWA - RSA

Stationary Barrel,

Bottom Anchor RHB RWB RXB RSB

Traveling Barrel,Bottom Anchor RHT RWT - RST

Tubing Pumps TH - TP -

ROD PUMP TYPE

SOFT-PACKED PLUNGER

PUMPSMETAL PLUNGER PUMPS

Letter Designations

Heavy-Wall

Barrel

Thin-Wall

Barrel

Heavy-Wall

Barrel

Thin-Wall

Barrel

Stationary Barrel,

Top Anchor RHA RWA - RSA

Stationary Barrel,

Bottom Anchor RHB RWB RXB RSB

Traveling Barrel,Bottom Anchor RHT RWT - RST

Tubing Pumps TH - TP -

ROD PUMP TYPE

SOFT-PACKED PLUNGER

PUMPSMETAL PLUNGER PUMPS

Letter Designations

Tubing Pumps vs. Insert Pump

Barrel Assembly of this type pump is screwed onto,

and becomes part of the tubing.

Larger bore than a rod pump, thus it produces a

greater volume of fluid in any give diameter of tubing

The complete pump is attached to, and inserted into

the well tubing with the sucker rod string.

As a complete unit, this pump may be pulled out of

the well without pulling the tubing.

Tubing Pump

Insert Pump

Basic Rod PumpConfigurations

Rod-Type,

Thin Wall,

Traveling Barrel,

Bottom

Holddown (Cup)

Rod-Type,

Thin Wall,

Top Holddown

(Mechanical)

Rod-Type,Heavy Wall,

Bottom Holddown

Tubing-Type,Heavy Wall,

Mechanical

Holddown

Rod PumpOperation - Concept

Visualization of Rod Pump Working

(A) (B) (C)

Pump grabs a “bite” of fluid

on each downstroke of the

pump, as the “mouth” of the

traveling valve opens on the

downstroke, and grabs a

bite of whatever is within the

compression chamber.

Upstroke closes thetraveling valve, traps the

fluids in the chamber and

physically lifts them up thewell a few feet. This bite is

simply stacked below the

previous bite until enough

bites start running out at

the surface of the well.

(A) (B) (C)

Standing Valve opens at the

start of upstroke to admit

fluids into the compression

chamber from the reservoir,and closes on downstroke

of pump to prevent these

fluids from returning to theformation.

(A) (B) (C)

Types of Insert Pumps

Rod Pump - Top Anchor

Rod Pump - Bottom Anchor

Rod Pump - Travel Barrel Bottom Anchor

Rod PumpBarrel ApplicationTop Anchor

BottomHold-Down

TopHold-DownPump

Rod PumpTop Anchor

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing

Traveling

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing

Traveling

PumpPump

MovementMovement

Rod PumpTop Anchor

Good for sandy wells

Pump Barrel acts as Gas Anchor

Excellent for low fluid wells

Advantages

Disadvantages

Valve rod is weak leak of sucker rod

Not recommend for deep wells

Barrel Tube subject to sedimentation on

part-time pumping

Rod PumpBarrel Application

Bottom Anchor

BottomHold-Down

TopHold-DownPump

Rod PumpBottom Anchor

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing

Traveling

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing

Traveling

PumpPump

MovementMovement

Rod PumpBottom Anchor

Run in deep wells

Good valve location

Better design where long pumps necessary

Advantages

V-rod weak link in S-rod chain

Barrel Tube subject to sedimentation

Barrel Tube subject to corrosion

Disadvantages

Rod PumpTraveling BarrelBottom Anchor

Rod PumpTraveling Barrel

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing Valve

Traveling

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing Valve

TravelingValve

PumpPump

MovementMovement

Rod Pump- Traveling BarrelBottom Anchor

Agitation keep sand from settling Good discharge distribution

Both cages are open type

Advantages

Not recommend for gas wells

Not recommend for pumps in deep wells

Poor valve placement

Disadvantages

Types of Tubing Pumps

Tubing Pump- Bottom Anchor

Large Bore Tubing Pump

API Pump

Assembliesfor Tubing Pump

Bottom Anchor

Tubing Pumps

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing Valve

TravelingValve

Valve Rod

Plunger

Barrel

Ball Stop

Standing Valve

TravelingValve

PumpPump

MovementMovement

Tubing Pump-Bottom Anchor

Higher volume Simple Rugged for severe service

Used to stroke in & out of barrel

Pulling cost factor

Prone to gas locking

Stuck SV leads to pulling wet string

Advantages

Disadvantages

High VolumeFluid Pumps

High Volume Fluid Pumps

Casing Pump - attached to the Packer

Advantages - Highest volume available;

insert style, therefore retrievable Disadvantages - Wear by the rods on the

casing; sanding in of the packer

‘Bottled-Up’ Pump Advantages - Greater Production Volumes

Disadvantages - Plunger larger than the tubing

Oversized Tubing Pump

ID threads on barrel allow larger plunger

than normal

ComponentsComponents

Rod PumpHolddowns

MechanicalBottom Lock

Holddown

MechanicalTop Lock

Holddown

Cup-TypeHolddown

Rod PumpBarrels & Plungers

Barrels materials available -

Regular steel

Hardened steel Regular steel w/ chromed I.D.

Brass w/chromed I.D.

Stainless w/chromed I.D. Steel Nickel Carbide

Brass Nickel Carbide

Plungers available inall standard API

sizes and types

Rod PumpBarrels

® Rod

Barrels

TubingPump

Barrels

Thin Wall Heavy Wall

Heavy WallCommon Working

Barrel

RW, RS RH

THREADED

Difference

BetweenRod PumpandTubing PumpBarrels

Thin Wall Barrel &Heavy Wall Barrel

Metallurgy

Nobility Chart

Galvanic

Series of Metals

M i l d

M o d e r a

S e v e r e

M i l d

M o d e r a

S e v e r e

Precision - 1026 Steel

90 HRB - 23

HRC X X

Precision - 443 Brass 85 HRB (Min) X X

Nitrided - Alloy Steel 58 - 63 HRC X X

Carburized - Carbon

58 - 63 HRC X X

Barrel MetallurgySurface

Hardness

AbrasionCorrosion

Service

Barrel Metallurgy Applications(Steel Barrel)

M i l d

M o d e r

S e v e r e

M i l d

M o d e r

S e v e r e

Chrome Plated ID -

1026 Steel69 - 72 HRC X X

Chrome Plated ID - 443

Brass69 - 72 HRC X X

Chrome Plated ID -

Nickel Copper Alloy

69 - 73 HRC X X

Nickel Carbide Coated -

1026 Steel72 - 75 HRC X X

Nickel Carbide Coated -

443 Brass72 - 75 HRC X X

MetallurgySurface

Hardness

Service

Corrosion Abrasion

Barrel Metallurgy Applications

(Steel CID Barrel)

Barrel Comparison for 2.75"

Steel ChromePlated ID Steel Nickel

Carbide Coated

Brass ChromePlated ID Brass Nickel

Carbide Coated

V a l u e

o f B a r r e l

Barrel Performance

Chrome Plated Barrel(Loosing Chrome)

Rod PumpPlungers

Plungers available in all

standard API sizes and

WeatherfordManufactured Plungers

Pin End

Plunger Box End

Plunger

Grooved

Plunger

Monel Pin

Plunger

Pressure

Actuated

Plunger

MaterialMild Moderate Severe Mild Moderate Severe Mild Moderate Severe

Spray Metal

58 RC min. X X X

Chrome Plated

67 - 71 RCX X X

Spray Metal

Monel Pin 58

RC min

Pressure

Actuated with

Steel Pins

58 RC min

Pressure

Actuated with

Monel Pins 58

RC min

CO2Abrasion H2S

Plunger MaterialSelection

Pressure ActuatedPlunger

Rod PumpFluid Slippage

Depending upon well fluids and

conditions, 2-3% slippage of

produced fluid is expected to keep

barrel/plunger contact sufficiently

lubricated.

High-Pressure Fluid Effectson Rod Pump Barrels

Fig. #1 Fig. #2 Fig. #3

A. Traveling Valve

B. Pump Barrel

C. Pump SuctionD. Pressure created by fluid

column in tubing

E. Plunger

F. Tubing

G. Bottom Holddown

H. Sucker or Pony Rod

I. Top Holddown

J. Fluid level in the well

Shows the effect of

pressure caused by

the fluid column hydrostaticpressure against the part

of the barrel not supported

internally by the plunger.

As the plunger moves, it

contacts the convex wall

of the barrel causing it to

wear into a ‘cigar’ shape.

Fig. 3 - Bottom Holddown Rod Pump

Figures 1 & 3

Fig. 1 -Traveling Barrel Rod Pump

Fig. 2Fig. 1 Fig. 3

Figure 2

Shows the effect of thepressure of the

fluid column hydrostatic

pressure on a stationary

barrel pump (top or bottomholddown)

Standing Valves

Closed-Type

Open Cage,

Traveling BarrelOpen Cage,

Tubing

Open Cage, Tubing,

Drain-Type Closed Cage,Tubing, Permanent

Closed Type

Insert Style

Standing Valves

Double Valve

Four Ball Guides

Double Traveling Valve &Standing Valves

Extra set of valves offer backup seal in

the event of trash or valve wear.

Extra set of valves reduces the unswept

area in the pump, which reduces the

compression ratio, thus limiting the

pumps ability to handle gas.

More parts = more expensive pump

Advantages

Disadvantages

Traveling Valves

Closed-Type

Cage for Pin-

End Plunger

Closed-Type

Cage for Box-

End Plunger

Open-Type Cage for

Traveling Barrel

Pump Barrel

Closed-Type

Insert Style

Piston Steel Chrome Molly Stainless Steel N50Spray Metal

Coating

C1045 Carbon A4140 431 N50Nickel Base

Chemical Analysis

Carbon C 0.41 - 0.49 0.38 - 0.43 0.20 max 0.06 max 0.50 - 1.00

Manganese Mn 0.60 - 0.87 0.75 - 1.00 1.00 max 4.00 - 6.00

Phosphorus P 0.04 max 0.035 max 0.04 max 0.00 - 0.02

Sulfur S 0.05 max 0.04 max 0.03 max 0.00 - 0.02

Chromium Cr 0.80 - 1.10 15.00 - 17.00 20.50 - 23.50 12.00 - 18.00Silicon Si 0.15 - 0.35 1.00 max 1.00 max 3.50 - 5.50

Iron Fe Balance Balance 3.00 - 5.50

Boron B 2.50 - 4.50

Cobalt Co 0.00 - 0.10

Nickel Ni 1.25 - 2.50 11.5 - 13.50 66.00 - 79.00

Copper Cu

Nitrogen N 0.20 - 0.40

Molybdenum Mo 0.15 - 0.25 1.50 - 3.00

Properties

Tensile 90K - 120K 120K - 150K 120K min 135K min N/A

Yield 85K - 110K 90K - 120K 100K min 105K min N/AElongation 9% - 12% 10% - 20% 20% 20% N/A

Hardness Rc 19 - 28 Rc 25 - 33 Rc 24 - 55 Rc 35 max Rc 55 - 62

Raw Material

General Terminology for

Polished RodPiston Steel Chrome Molly Stainless Steel N50

Spray Metal

Coating

C1045 Carbon A4140 431 N50Nickel Base

Chemical Analysis

Carbon C 0.41 - 0.49 0.38 - 0.43 0.20 max 0.06 max 0.50 - 1.00

Manganese Mn 0.60 - 0.87 0.75 - 1.00 1.00 max 4.00 - 6.00

Phosphorus P 0.04 max 0.035 max 0.04 max 0.00 - 0.02

Sulfur S 0.05 max 0.04 max 0.03 max 0.00 - 0.02

Chromium Cr 0.80 - 1.10 15.00 - 17.00 20.50 - 23.50 12.00 - 18.00Silicon Si 0.15 - 0.35 1.00 max 1.00 max 3.50 - 5.50

Iron Fe Balance Balance 3.00 - 5.50

Boron B 2.50 - 4.50

Cobalt Co 0.00 - 0.10

Nickel Ni 1.25 - 2.50 11.5 - 13.50 66.00 - 79.00

Copper CuNitrogen N 0.20 - 0.40

Molybdenum Mo 0.15 - 0.25 1.50 - 3.00

Properties

Tensile 90K - 120K 120K - 150K 120K min 135K min N/A

Yield 85K - 110K 90K - 120K 100K min 105K min N/A

Elongation 9% - 12% 10% - 20% 20% 20% N/A

Hardness Rc 19 - 28 Rc 25 - 33 Rc 24 - 55 Rc 35 max Rc 55 - 62

Raw Material

General Terminology for

Polished Rod

Polished Rod Specifications

Special Applications

& Considerations

Pump Failure Types

Operational

Well Condition

Mechanical

Operational Problems

Bottomhole Assembly design

Bad spacing of pump

Bad seating nipple

Deviated wells

Loose Tubing Anchor

Well Condition Problems

Fluid Pound

Gas Locking

Corrosion

Mechanical Problems

Seized Pumps

Parted V-Rods

Split Cages

Split Barrels

Scored Plungers

Solutions to“Well” Known Problems

Gas Locking

Sand Problems

Heavy Oil

What is Gas Locking?

Gas Lock Occurs when a barrel iscompletely filled with Gas.

Gas can not be compressed enough to

overcome the Hydrostatic head acting

on the traveling valve.

Consequently both valves remainclosed and the pump is gas locked.

Required Compression Ratiosas Reservoir Pressure Depletes

Gas Locking vs Gas Interferencevs a Pumped Off Condition

Gas Locking

No valves open during pumping cycle.

No fluid lifted to surface.

Gas Interference

Valves function properly, but reduced efficiencyas gas takes place of some fluid.

Pumped Off ConditionPumping rate exceeds ability of fluid to flow

into pump. Well does produce some fluid.

G L ki G I t f

Gas Locking, Gas Interference& a Pumped Off Condition

Rod PumpGas Locking

Not enough pressure generated in

compression chamber on down stroke

to open traveling valve.

Produced fluid in tubing rides up anddown with traveling valve, which is not

opening.

Causes

Rod PumpGas Lock

Effects

No fluid produced to the surface.Fluid level on backside continues

to rise as no fluids are removed

from well.

Rod Pump -Gas Locking

Increase compression ratio in pump

through better design/assembly.

Increase compression ratio in pump

through longer stroke or smaller plunger.

Install II stager valve to removehydrostatic pressure from traveling valve.

Reduce gas intake into pump through

better downhole separation.

Increase pump intake pressure by

allowing higher fluid level on backside.

Solutions

Rod PumpGas Interference

Poor gas separation, prior to fluidentering the pump, allows gas to

take the place of fluid in thecompression chamber.

Causes

Effects

Pump shows poor efficiency becauseonly fluid is being measured.

Pump is actually operating properly,

but fluid production is limited bygas in pump.

Solutions

Separate gas from fluid before it gets

to pump intake through better downhole separation.

Increase rate of well by lengtheningstroke, changing strokes per minute

or changing bore size.

This increases both gas and fluidwhich are produced through

the pump.

API RWB Pump

API RHB Pump

API RWB Pump

API RHB Pump

Pumps with

Extensions have

greater chancefor gas locking

then Pumps without Extensions

More space

Decreases

compression ratios

® Gas Compression Ratios

Spacing vs. Fluid Over Pump

2438 meters - 2" pump - 100" Net Plunger Travel

.5" 2.5" 4.5" 6.5" 8.5" 10.5" 12.5" 14.5" 16.5" 18.5"

Spacing Off Bottom

M a x i m u m P r e s s u r e i n

C o m p r e s s i o

n C h a m b e r

150200

M e t e r s o f

F l u i d a b o v e

P u m p

Pressure in Barrel Pressure on Traveling Valve

Fluid Required Over Pump

API Subsurface Pump

54 64 74 86 100 120 144 168 192

Stroke Length

C o m p

r e s s i o n R a t i o

1-1/4" Plunger )Rod) 1-1/2" Plunger(Rod) 1-3/4" Plunger (Rod)

2" Plunger (Rod) 2-1/4" Plunger(Tubing)

API Subsurface PumpCompression Ratios

Combating Gas Locking

High Compression Valves

Gas Breakers

Gas Anchors

Combating

CombatingGas Locking

Gas Breakers

Two Stager

Gas Compression Valves

Gas Compression Plugs

Sliding Top Valve

COMPRESSION RATIOS

A B C D

Well Depth (mts.) 2,286.0 2,286.0 2,286.0 2,286.0

Plunger Travel 90" 90" 90" 90"

Pump Bore 1.25 1.25 1.25 1.25

Oil Cut 80% 80% 80% 80%

Seat Plug Type Standard Standard Hex Plug Hex Plug

Intake Pressure 80 PSI 80 PSI 80 PSI 80 PSIS.V. Cage Type Standard Standard Inverted Inverted

Unswept Barrel Area 1.287 5.582 5.037 0.74

Unswept S.V. Area 2.244 2.244 1.264 1.264

Total Unswept Area 3.531 7.826 6.301 2.004Distance Spaced Off Bottom 1/2" 4" 4" 1/2"

Load on Traveling Valve 3200 3200 3200 3200

Pressure in Barrel 2582 1209 1483 4488

Conventional

(Poor Boy)

Gas Anchor

Gas Separation

Gas Separation(Concept 1 of 4 )

Casing

Tubing

Spillover Tube

Crossover Packer

Pump IntakePerforations

Producing Zone

Packer-Type Anchor

Casing

Tubing

Producing Zone

Seating Nipple

Tubing Intake

Perforations

Natural-Gas Anchor

Gas Separation

Poor-Boy Gas Anchor

Tubing

Tubing IntakePerforations

Producing Zone

Casing

Seating Nipple

Suction Tube

Mud Anchor

Modified Poor-Boy

Gas Anchor

Tubing

Tubing IntakePerforations

Producing Zone

CasingSeating Nipple

Suction TubeMud Anchor

Gas Separation

1.9-in. Casing

2 7/8-in. O.D. Casing

Seating Nipple

1.316-in. OD Tubing

Producing Zone

TubingPerforations

Modified Natural-Gas Anchor

(For Small-Diameter Casing)

2 7/8-in. OD Casing

Seating Nipple

30 in. x 1.0-in.O.D. Tubing

Producing Zone

Packoff

Modified Packer-Type Gas Anchor

Gas Separation

Fluid Level

Liquid

Gas5 1/2-in. Casing

Decentralizer

DiametricallyOpposed to Lower Port (not to scale)

Casing

Perforations

2 7/8-in. Tubing

Seating Nipple

Upper Port

3 5/8-in.Thin WallPipe (1/8-in.)

Lower Port

Dip Tube

3 5/8-in. O.D. Thin-Wall Gas Separator

Rod Pump

Rod PumpHorizontal Wells

AdvantagesReduce reservoir pressure by lowering fluid level and recovering

more fluid. Better gas separation when pump is set below the

kickoff point.

Rod Pump

Limitations<15%/100’ (Some installations allow up to 25%).

Pump can be set at 90°.

Rod Pump

DisadvantagesIncrease tubing/rod wear decreases run times.

Friction results in increased loads on sucker rods, polish rod and

pumping unit. Typically shorter run life on rod pump.

Use of Rod Rotator advised to

increase life of rods and tubing.

What causes Sand Problems?

Sand can come from the reservoir or a sand-Frac.

If sand is present from a sand-Frac, it is usually a

temporary problem that will clear itself as the well is

pumped.

If the sand is from the reservoir the problem will be

ongoing and special attention must be given to the

design of the pump and its material selection.

How do you Minimize

How do you MinimizeSand Problems?

Pressure-Actuated Plunger

Combo Plunger Actuated Plunger

Chrome Plated Grooved Plunger

Sand Hogg

3-Tube Pump

Type of plungers

Type of plungersfor Sand Problems?

Pin End

Plunger

Box End

Plunger

Grooved

Plunger

Monel Pin

EndPlunger

Pressure

ActuatedPlunger

Best Particulate Producers

Traveling Barrel Pump , Top Holddown Pump,

& Tubing Pump

Stroke Through Pump

Short Barrel, Long Plunger

Special Pumps

3 Tube Pump

Others

Bottom Discharge Valve, Top Seal Assembly,

& Plunger Wipers

Designs to Handle Solids

Special 3-Tube Pump

Efficient operation in extremely abrasive or

dirty production

Utilizes produced fluid as packing medium for

effective seal surface

Telescoping tubes give longer seal surfaceallowing for looser fit

Turbulence of fluid miniumizes the danger

of sanding in

Sandy Fluid/

Sandy Fluid/Pampa Pump

Traveling barrel pump designed for use in wells

where abrasive or dirty fluids are produced.

Pump has a smooth plunger which extends througha relatively short hardened-liner section

Due to length of Plunger, the ends do not enter theliner section at either the top or bottom of the stroke

Plunger is wiped clean on each stroke, and foreign

material (sand, etc) is not carried into the liner.

When Pump is shut down, the Traveling valve on

top of the pump serves as check valve.

Rod Pump

od u pTop Seals

Clutched

Top Seal

Rod Pump

pBottom Discharge Valve

Coupling

Ball and Seat

Viscosity Problems

Viscosity problems are caused by wells which

produce heavy API oil.

If steam injection is not practiced, lifting fluidsto the surface would be difficult for the surface

and subsurface equipment to function properly.

Viscosity problems are best handled:

Heavy Oil Pump

Insert Anchors

Barrel Stabilizers

Insert Anchor

A production tool which provides a

trouble free method of anchoring

and packing-off a pump in wells

where a pump seating nipple has not

been provided.

Barrel Stabilizer

Used on long 1-1/4” Bore Pumps that are

operating inside 2-7/8 Tubing

Pumps have a tendency to lean to one side

of the tubing leading to uneven wear of

plunger and barrel.

Ball and Seat

Stainless Steel Alloy (Dumore) Tungsten Carbide Nickel Carbide

V a l u

Stainless Steel Alloy (Dumore) Tungsten Carbide Nickel Carbide

V a l u

Seat Values Comparison

Ball Values Comparison

Stainless

Alloy Ceramic Gold

Z Ball

Titanium

Carbide

Tungsten

Carbide

Nickel

Carbide

Ceramic Silicon

Nitride

V a l u e

Stainless

Alloy Ceramic Gold

Z Ball

Titanium

Carbide

Tungsten

Carbide

Nickel

Carbide

Ceramic Silicon

Nitride

V a l u

Relative Costs for Various

SRP Components

ABC Oil Company

Barrel Plunger Valve Rod SV Cage TV Cage SV Ball TV Ball SV Seat TV Seat Hold-down TV Seat

$ S p e

n t o n P u m p

P a r t s - 1 9 9 7

ABC Oil Company

Barrel Plunger Valve Rod SV Cage TV Cage SV Ball TV Ball SV Seat TV Seat Hold-down TV Seat

$ S p e

n t o n P u m p P a r t s - 1 9 9

Stretch in the Rod String

Troubleshooting

& Failure Analysis

TYPES OF PUMP FAILURE

FOR XYZ COMPANY

Tubing Failure

Rod Failure

Work Over

Pump Failure

Foreign

Material

FAILED PARTS IN XYZ FIELD

Barrels

Plungers

Valve Rod

Hold-down7%

TYPES OF BARRELSFAILED IN XYZ FIELD

FAILED IN XYZ FIELD

Brass Tri-Carb

Steel Chrome75%

Tri-Carb

Brass Chrome

R f B l F il

Reasons for Barrel Failure

Corrosion64%

Bent9%

Plunger Stuck

S lit C

Split Cage

Standing Valve Cage

with Severe Corrosion

Plunger illustrates

severe grooves causedfrom passage of sand

or iron sulfide

Plunger Damage

P t d T li V l C

Parted Traveling Valve Cage

Parted Standing Valve Cage

THREAD

Parted Standing Valve Cage

Standing valve cage

parted at the pin endthat screws to barrel

TOP CAGESHOWSCORROSIONATTACK

Pitted Silicon Nitride Ball

Severely Pitted Ball

Pitted and Non Pitted Ball

Pitted and Non-Pitted Ball

C k d S t

Cracked Seat

No-Go on SV

Mandrel

severely pitted

V-Rod Guide

PoundedSeverely

V-Rod Guide worn.

Showing signs of side loading

V-rod guide worn ( bottom view).Showing signs of side-loading

Worn & Parted Valve Rod

Wear Part

Worn & Parted Valve Rod

Pounded

Pull Tube Guide

Pounded

Elements thatInfluence Corrosion

Influence Corrosion

Hydrogen Sulfide - Sour (H2S)

Carbon Dioxide - Sweet (CO2)

Oxygen

Chlorides

Water Content

Abrasion

H2S Service

Sour conditions exist when H2S is equal to

or greater than 0.35 Kpa (0.05 psi)

OxygenSevere corrosion can be expected if

conditions include 50 ppb dissolved oxygen

ChloridesPitting corrosion will occur if total dissolved

solids exceed 10,000 mg/L and/or if totalchlorides exceed 6,000 mg/L.

Influence Corrosion

Water Content

If water content is greater than 20%, fluid is in

water phase with oil droplets.

If water content is less than 20%, fluid is in oil

phase with water droplets. Use of an inhibitor isrecommended if the water content is greater

han 20%.

Influence Corrosion

pH content at bottom hole level is frequently

lower (more acidic) than that measuredat surface.

After acidizing, the pH should be monitored toensure the fluid does not attack any chromeplate

that may be used in pump.

Influence Corrosion

Abrasion

Conditions are considered abrasive if solids

are greater than 100 ppm.

Abrasion refers not only to solid content but

also to corrosive by-products, e.g., iron sulfide

Influence Corrosion

Corrosion Identification - H2S

Corrosion Identification H2S

Pitting is random & scattered

Pits are steep walled

Edges flare out at surface

Black iron sulfide on surface

Hydrogen embrittlement causes breakfaces to appear brittle.

Corrosion Types - CO2

Corrosion Types CO2

Pitting is round based

Pits are steep walled

Edges appear sharp

Pits are filled with iron carbonate

Pits are interconnected in lines

CO2 gas in water forms carbonic acid,

which lowers pH of water

Mild Metal Loss Corrosion

- Water cut less than 25%

- Less than 10ppm

- Less than 250ppm

Moderate Metal Loss Corrosion

- Water cut 25% to 75%

and/or H2S

- between 10 and 100 ppm

and/or CO2

- between 250 and 1500 ppm

Severe Metal Loss Corrosion

- Water cut more than 75%

and/or H2S

- greater than 100 ppm

and/or CO2

- Greater than 1500 ppm

Sucker Rod Pumps 2001 CD

Documents

Transcript of Sucker Rod Pumps 2001 CD

Sub Surface Sucker Rod Pumps and Fittings Product Catalogue

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Sucker Rod Pump

Survaillance Sucker Rod Pump

Application of Molded and Field Installed Sucker Rod Guides · Application of Molded and Field Installed Sucker Rod Guides ... Reciprocating Rod Pump Systems Rod Box Down Stroke Sucker

CATALOG VERS. 3 - Gemsl · 2020. 7. 30. · for the use and care of sucker rod pumps” (RP 11AR) and the “Recommended practice for design calculations for sucker rod pumping”

SRP (Sucker Rod Pump)

User Guide-ProdDiag for Sucker Rod Pump - optptoptpt.com/pdf/guides/ProdDiagTrainingGuide.pdf · User Guide-ProdDiag for Sucker Rod Pump ... ProdDiag for Sucker Rod Pump ... 164.04

Sucker Rod Pumps Bombeo mecanico

10 - Sucker Rod Elevator

Sucker Rod Lifting Horizontal & Highly Deviated Wells ...€¦ · Sucker rod pump valves open by pressure and close by flow • Pumps in vertical wells also have gravity to help but

PROGRESSIVE CAVITY PUMPS CATALOGUE - Protex · PDF file18. Sucker Rod String 19. Tubing Stabilizer 20. Tubing/Stator X-Over Coupling 21. Sucker Rod/Rotor X-Over ... 9-PC-4 30-PC-025

Downhole Sucker Rod Pumps - Direct EDJEfulfillment.directedje.com/DirectResources/DigitalDocuments/5... · Downhole Sucker Rod Pumps ... An insert-type downhole pump is attached to

INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DRIVE FOR SUCKER ROD …ngdelo.ru/files/old_ngdelo/2015/4/ngdelo-4-2015-p226-233.pdf · 2016-11-07 · For wells operated sucker rod pumps (SRP),

Sucker Rod Manual

Rod Pumps and Components · Sucker Rod Pump, actuated by a pumping unit and a sucker rod string. There are two basic types of Subsurface Pumps, the Tubing Pump and the Insert Pump.

Gas Locking and Gas Interference Solutions for Sucker Rod ... Files/4... · Gas Locking and Gas Interference Solutions for Sucker Rod Pumps ... • Gas Chaser Pump Seal ... 4 ---

2019 Sucker Rod and Pony Rod Brochure - ChampionX

FLUID DYNAMICS IN SUCKER ROD PUMPS by Robert P, …/67531/metadc688140/m2/1/high... · FLUID DYNAMICS IN SUCKER ROD PUMPS by ... Many persistent problems in sucker rod pumping, ...

Sucker Rod Solid Sucker Rod - Bomcobras · Special Driving Sucker Rod for PC Pump (Driving sucker rod) The Special Hollow Sucker for PC Pump have been developed on the bases of general