Post on 24-Feb-2016
description
SPECIALIZED INSTRUCTION IN WRITTEN EXPRESSION: HANDWRITING
ObjectivesParticipants will be able
to orally explain best practice instructional strategies that support handwriting development and be able to explain the roles of keyboarding and handwriting using academic vocabulary after
-Academic review of handwriting research using visuals
Handwriting Basics
Research
When students automatism correct letter formation early in writing development, their spelling skills are likely ot be stronger
-Beringer and Wolf ,2009; Graham, 1999;
Graham, Beringer, Abbott, Abott and Whitaker 1997
Dysgraphia
A specific learning disability that affects the production of handwritingBoys struggle more that girls
Can have normal cognitive skills
Lack of instruction is not dysgraphia
Visual-Spatial Processing Visual Spatial
• Form mental images of observed objects
• Observe fine details of fine objects • Make connections between real objects and drawings, photographs
and media images • Storage and retrieval of mental
images• Communicating descriptions of
previously perceived objects • Visualize objects based on verbal
descriptions
Motor Planning
The process of taking in sensory information about one's environment as well as one's own place in space, movement, force, and so on in order to successfully imagine and complete a motoric task
John Olsen in First Grade
John Olsen After a Few Weeks
Posture and Pencil Grip
Handwriting Principles
Clear the desk of books and materials not needed
Hips against the back of the chair, feet flat on floor, back straight, head high Forearms on the desk
with elbow are off the edge
Wrist should be straight and whole hand is below the base line
The hand that does not write holds the paper
Handwriting lessons should never be on the floor or standing
The Correct Grip
Tripod Grip
Quadropod Grip
Writing Tool Size
Type of Handwriting System
Type of handwriting system
Print to Cursive – Keep it Simple, Keep it Familiar
Handwriting Without Tears
Other Method
Scope and Sequence
Upper Vs Lower Case
Bb
Capitals with Letter Cards
Let’s Do the Math
Developmental Order of Teaching Capitals
• Some have more than one diagonal stroke
• Some can be reversed• Some change direction during the
stroke
Some Capitals Are Easier than Others:
2-3 year olds
3-4 year olds
4-6 year olds
Capitol Clock Letters
C G O Q S
C G
Capitol Begins with a Line
A B D E F H IJ K L M N P RTUY
Capitol Begins with a diagonal line
V W X Z
Lower Case Clock Letters
a c d f g o s qu a d
Lower Case Begin with lines
b e h j m n p r u yb m
1, 2 or 3 Lines?
Handwriting Principles
Teach the labels to the handwriting grid
I prefer more technical terms… top, middle, bottom, under the bottom along with mnemonics
The clock mnemonic might be helpful
Top
Middle
Bottom
Under
Handwriting Principles
10
2
44
8
2
10
8
Do You See the Problem?The More You Do, The Worse You Get Phenomena!
HWT Double Lines
Take a look at space…
Why Double Lines?Because double lines help children develop an innate sense of letter size and placement. Double lines make all lines easy!
Why Double Lines Work
the b d reversal issue
b db d
Keyboarding- qwerty
Why do we use a qwertykeybaord?
Keyboard VS Handwriting
Designed for adult hands
Designed to slow down typing
Must be taught for efficiency
Best used after 7th grade
Uses motor memory to develop spelling skills (say sound while writing)
PK-6th grade will write more words by hand then type
Keyboarding Handwriting
Beringer and Wolf