Post on 27-Dec-2015
Some thoughts…..
Using PowerPoint
www.columbia.edu
www.mjvisual.co.uk
PowerPoint Presentation software
Successor to the OHP
Powerful
Easy to produce terrible presentations!
PowerPoint
Alternatives include:
Open Office Mac Keynote Prezi
Setup carefully
Use template files: allows changes later
Decide on font, colour scheme etc
PowerPoint
Presentation vs Show
Presentations need PowerPoint or equivalent software
Shows will run without it, but may give you less control
PowerPoint
Embedding items
Using video or sound, save file in same directory
External links may not work
Check Internet availability/speed at venue
PowerPoint
Technicalities....
There are a number of “dos” and “don’ts” with PowerPoint
The aims are:to make what you present as easy to read as
possibleTo highlight what is importantTo lose what isn’t
Think about the venue..
Screen sizeProjector or LCD/Plasma screen?Ambient lightSize of roomNumber of people
What looks great on your monitor may be rubbish on the big screen
CONTRAST
CONTRAST
CONTRAST
CONTRAST
Using a white background, and black text, can look like a piece of
printed text
Using a black background, and white text, can draw attention to some parts of the text, and looks
simple and understated
Subtle shades can make the effect look more sophisticated
Whichever way around you prefer them!
Colour....
Colour is great, but...For scientific presentations, don’t get too
creative
Remember some of your audience may be colour blind
Using only a few colours can make a bigger impact than using
lots…
Unless you are trying for overkill!
Colour combinations are important…
Some colours don’t work well together!
Remember the ’60s…
Fonts or Typefaces..
There are thousands of fonts
Many are impossible to read on screen
Fonts..
Keep it simple
Use a single font for most text
Size matters.....
Trade-off: too big and you have no space
for information Too small nobody can see the
information anyway
Rule of thumb..
Never less than 20 point
Generally between 28 point and 36 point
40 to 44 point for titles
Images..
Images make life funEnhance the experienceBreak up the text
“A picture is worth a thousand words..”
Images..
Copyright
Size
Quality
Contrast
Resolution
Colour balance
Size Big enough to see the details
Quality – contrast..
Important to visibility
Too low: Image hard to see, blurred
Too high: grainy image, loss of detail
Too low Too highJust Right
Quality – resolution..
Vital to detail and visibility
Pixels or dots per inch or cm
More & smaller dots = higher resolution
Quality - resolution
300 pixels per inch 50 pixels per inch
A price to pay..
Higher resolution = bigger file size
Bigger file size = slower presentation
Also remember email/storage issues
Quality – resolution and file size
300 pixels per inch = 7.9 Mb 50 pixels per inch = 11 kb
Quality – compromise
300 pixels per inch = 7.9 Mb 100 pixels per inch = 62 kb
Quality – colour balance..
Aim for natural colour
Avoid “casting” especially for faces
Green cast
Red cast
Blue cast
Web images..
Images on websites offer a vast pool of choices
Many are optimised for web viewingPoor resolutionPixellation
Thumbnail image..
gallery.photo.net
Expanded..
gallery.photo.net
Full size image..
gallery.photo.net
Pixellation..
gallery.photo.net
Copyright issues..
Most images are copyright
Illegal to reproduce them without appropriate accreditation or permission
Always credit images (unless they’re yours!)
Graphs, tables etc..
Legibility
Only essential detail
Clarity of message
Avoid scanned figures unless really clear
Cancer of the trachea, bronchus and lung (ICD-10 C33-C34)
NHS Region of Residence: West of Scotland1: trends in incidence 1975-1999Numbers of registrations, with crude and age-standardised incidence rates, by age and year of diagnosis
WARNING: True values for counts between 1 and 4 have been randomly adjusted to preserve confidentiality. Zeros are true zeros.
Males Year of Diagnosis1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Under 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 05-9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 010-14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 015-19 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 120-24 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 0 025-29 2 0 2 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 130-34 2 5 6 2 3 2 1 2 2 4 235-39 14 5 8 10 5 6 10 6 7 14 340-44 28 20 28 17 18 15 24 16 20 20 1945-49 48 58 61 56 53 56 46 45 43 44 4550-54 121 111 127 121 136 129 112 123 100 95 8555-59 219 202 185 214 225 211 214 225 210 206 20660-64 301 323 273 300 271 284 276 292 318 316 30565-69 376 380 377 371 403 384 383 326 315 289 34970-74 368 338 306 404 366 346 385 376 369 386 33675-79 193 178 199 213 251 248 232 241 262 307 28880-84 73 73 84 100 86 111 132 127 134 147 14385+ 32 28 27 22 47 45 44 32 43 57 50All Ages 1 778 1 721 1 683 1 831 1 866 1 838 1 861 1 814 1 825 1 885 1 833
Rates
Under 5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.05-9 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.910-14 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 1.8 1.8 0.0 0.015-19 2.1 0.0 2.2 0.0 2.3 1.1 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0 1.020-24 2.5 6.1 6.9 2.3 3.4 2.3 1.1 2.3 2.3 4.7 2.325-29 17.9 6.5 10.5 13.1 6.5 7.9 12.7 7.2 8.2 16.2 3.430-34 36.4 26.3 37.2 22.6 23.7 19.8 32.1 21.5 26.9 26.7 25.335-39 60.8 74.5 79.0 73.6 70.6 75.8 61.9 61.5 58.5 59.9 61.640-44 149.7 139.9 163.9 158.3 180.2 173.0 150.3 165.4 136.3 131.2 118.445-49 322.7 289.0 256.6 287.5 291.4 284.4 292.6 314.6 295.2 292.8 294.850-54 438.8 484.6 425.1 495.6 471.3 476.8 449.0 459.3 488.3 469.0 465.255-59 662.7 671.2 668.5 658.6 719.3 687.1 699.3 615.5 623.0 601.7 702.560-64 954.5 862.4 768.1 1000.7 887.4 833.7 919.5 893.8 876.9 914.2 800.365-69 958.9 853.5 924.0 941.6 1069.5 1032.2 931.0 949.6 1007.9 1159.1 1064.970-74 781.8 800.0 902.6 1079.4 885.1 1092.6 1206.8 1116.3 1126.1 1175.0 1104.475-79 696.1 616.7 600.8 492.8 1084.7 1037.8 889.6 655.1 862.6 1117.6 934.980-84 133.4 129.9 128.0 140.4 143.8 142.5 144.0 141.2 142.9 148.4 145.285+ 127.4 123.9 122.0 134.1 137.4 136.1 137.6 134.9 136.5 141.9 138.7
Males age 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 35-39 60.8 74.5 79.0 73.6 70.6 75.8 61.9 61.5 58.5 59.9 61.6
Cancer of the Trachea, Bronchus & LungWest of Scotland
Crude incidence rates
Source: ISD Online
Males
date 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 age
35-39 60.8 74.5 79.0 73.6 70.6 75.8 61.9 61.5 58.5 59.9 61.6
Cancer of the Trachea, Bronchus & LungWest of Scotland
Crude incidence rates
Source: ISD Online
Lung cancer in Western Scotland 1975-1985
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985
Crude incidence rates
Source: ISD Online
Source: ISD Online
Text slides..
Break it upNot too much infoUse bullets/listsUse as prompts, do not try to put it all on
the slide
Outcome Measures
The primary outcome measure was the SF-36 general health-related quality of life instrument. This measures 8 dimensions of health-related quality of life, is well validated and sensitive to change. This instrument has been widely used in a broad range of studies 9. Secondary outcome measures included a range of epilepsy-specific instruments. The epilepsy-specific instruments measured the nature and perceived severity of seizures (ICTAL & PERCEPT)10, perceived adverse drug effects (ADEP)11, the impact of epilepsy on patients’ lives (IMPACT)12, and their sense of mastery over their illness (MASTERY)13. The ESI-55 cognitive function test was also chosen as a short but reliable means of assessing these patients, as epilepsy medication, as well as the condition itself, can adversely affect cognitive function (COGFUNC)14. The SF-36 and the epilepsy-specific instruments were administered at baseline by post, and 12 months following the interventions.
Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcome measure : SF-36
8 dimensions of health-related quality of lifevalidatedsensitive to change.
Secondary outcome measures - epilepsy-specific instruments. nature and perceived severity of seizures (ICTAL & PERCEPT)perceived adverse drug effects (ADEP)impact of epilepsy on patients’ lives (IMPACT)12,mastery over their illness (MASTERY)ESI-55 cognitive function test
Administered by postat baseline12 months following the interventions.
Animation & effects..
Lots of choice
Animate objects on slidesSlide transitions
Animated imagesSound clipsFilm clips
Way to go...
Use them carefully
ClarityVisibilityAppropriate useSophistication
Film & Sound
EmbeddingLinkingFile locations
Files to play must be in the folder they are linked to
Remember to copy the files onto a USB if you are presenting elsewhere
There are three fundamentals to consider when undertaking critical appraisal…
• The effects of Chance variation
• The systematic deviations of Bias
• The underlying misinformation of Confounding
There are three fundamentals to consider when undertaking critical appraisal…
• The effects of Chance variation
• The systematic deviations of Bias
• The underlying misinformation of Confounding
Poor harvests have resulted from:
Insect damage
www.ent.iastate.edu
Erosion
public.globalnet.hr
Poor harvests have resulted from:
Insect damage
www.ent.iastate.edu
Erosion
public.globalnet.hr
Heart Sounds
Normal
Ventricular Septal Defect
Mitral Regurgitation
Songthrush(Turdus philomelos)
www.abdn.ac.uk