Post on 18-Dec-2015
Some aspects of our projects
with Quebec-populations
1. Public Health Research Unit of Laval University Medical Research Center-CHUQ,Canada
2. Department of Human Biology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph,Canada
michel.lucas@crchul.ulaval.ca
Lucas Michel1, Blanchet C.1, Holub B. J.2, Dewailly É.1
UNIVERSITÉ
LAVAL
International Scientific Conference on seal oil
Ottawa, June 7, 2004
All surveys followed a common standard protocol
Face-to-face interviews & clinical sessions - Information on physical, social & psychosocial health
Plasma PLs FA concentrations (1992-1996)- Capillary GLC at Guelph University (B.J. Holub)
N=2803 (1323 M & 1480 W), 18-74 yrs of age - 52% Quebecers (n=1460, mean age= 40.1 yr)
- 33% Cree (n=917, mean age=35.2 yr)
- 15% Inuit (n=426, mean age=38.2 yr)
P for trend = 0.0002
Mar
ine
Foo
d In
take
(g/
d)
Dewailly et al. Lipids. 2003 Apr;38(4):359-65.
Marine Food Intake (from 24-h dietary recalls)
P for trend = 0.0002
Mar
ine
Foo
d In
take
(g/
d)
Dewailly et al. Lipids. 2003 Apr;38(4):359-65.
Marine Food Intake (from 24-h dietary recalls)
170 mgEPA+DH
A
2115 mgEPA+DH
A700-900 mgEPA+DHA
EPA + DHA by Ethnic Group & Age
11,5
9,5
6,5
1,6 a1,9 a
5,8 b
4,2 b
2,0 a 3,2
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + Quebec Cree Inuit
Values with same superscripts are not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05)
P for trend = 0.0002
Dewailly et al. Lipids. 2003 Apr;38(4):359-65.
TABLE 3 Regression coefficients ( values)1 of EPA+DHA in relation with HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerols as dependant variables.
Quartiles of EPA+DHA coef. (p) coef. (p)
Quartile 1 ( 1.62) 0.088 (0.59) 1.060 (0.002)
Quartile 2 (1.62-2.35) 0.017 (0.95) -0.178 (0.81)
Quartile 3 (2.36-4.03) 0.284 (0.22) -0.962 (0.09)
Quartile 4 ( 4.04) 0.601 (< 0.001) -0.817 (< 0.001)
HDL Triacylglycerols
1 Obtained from multiple linear regression analysis; one model for each CVD risk factor; each model included age, sex, body mass index, waist girth, smoking, alcohol intake
Threshold value for a beneficial effect
0.3% Quebecer
31% Cree
84% Inuit
Dewailly et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Oct;74(4):464-73.
P for trend = 0.0002
HDL cholesterol according quintile of EPA+DHA
Inuit of Nunavik
P for trend = 0.03
Triacylglycerols according to quintile of EPA+DHA
Inuit of Nunavik
Dewailly et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Oct;74(4):464-73.
P for trend = 0.03
FIG 1. Odds ratios (95% CIs) of prevalent high-risk concentration of plasma HDL-Chol
by quintiles of plasma PLs ratio of EPA/AA.Dewailly et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Nov;74(5):603-11.
OR for HDL-Chol 0.9 mmol/L
Quebecers
18:2 n-6 18:3 n-3
Four Types of Dietary EFA that predict the % of Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acids (HUFA) in tissues - a useful surrogate clinical marker
Lands, Am J Clin Nutr 1995; 61(suppl): 721S-25S.
Total HUFA
HUFA n-6(20:3, 20:4, 22:4. 22:5n-6)
HUFA n-3(20:3, 20:4, 20:5, 22:5, 22:6n-3)
Arachidonic Acid (20:4n-6) by Ethnic Group & Age
6,1 a6,5 a
6,1 a6,3 a
6,5 a
10,3
9,4
6,3 a
8,7
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + Quebec Cree Inuit
Values with same superscripts are not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05)
EPA + DHA by Ethnic Group & Age
11,5
9,5
6,5
1,6 a1,9 a
5,8 b
4,2 b
2,0 a 3,2
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + Quebec Cree Inuit
Values with same superscripts are not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05)
%n-3 HUFA (in total HUFA) by Ethnic Group & Age
45
54
61
19 a 20 a
35
29
21 a25
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + 18-34 35-49 50 + Quebec Cree Inuit
Values with same superscripts are not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05)
CHD Mortality and Tissue HUFA
y = -2,8075x + 211,97
R2 = 0,9573
0
50
100
150
200
15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85
% omega-3 in Total HUFA
CH
D M
ort
alit
y
Greenland
Japan
Quebec Inuit
Quebec Cree
USA
Quebec All
MRFIT quintiles
Spain
FIG. 2: Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates (for 100,000) associated with tissue HUFA proportions. Lands W.E.M. Lipids 2003 : 317-21.
Lands et al. 1992. BBA. (1180):147-162. Lands et al. 1992. FASEB J.( 6):2530-2536. Dewailly E. et al. 2002. Am J Clin Nutr. 76(1):85-92. Dewailly E. et al. 2002. Am J Clin Nutr. 76(1):85-92. Dewailly E et al. 2001. Am J Clin Nutr 74(5):603-11.
Fat (Misirak): 1.5 g/d
Fat (Misirak): 1.6 g/d
37.1-42.7 g/d
70.8-75.5 g/d
12.4-13.4 g/d
10.4-13.3 g/d
8.6-11.1 g/d
5.7-8.4 g/d
6.9-9.9 g/d
Sign. Diff. in CVD risk factor levels among the 3 pop
HDL-chol, Total/HDL-chol, TG, SBP & DBP, Insuline- lowest among Inuit despite higher cig. Smoking & obesity
Fish intake among Inuit- 2 times greater than Cree
- 10 times greater than Quebecer
CONCLUSION
EPA+DHA plasma PLs-2 times greater than Cree
-4 times greater than Quebeces
EPA+DHA
AHA 2002 ISSFAL 19990.5–1.8 g/day 0.7 g/day
Sign. Diff. in CVD risk factor levels among the 3 pop
HDL-chol, Total/HDL-chol, TG, SBP & DBP, Insuline- lowest among Inuit despite higher cig. Smoking & obesity
Fish intake among Inuit- 2 times greater than Cree
- 10 times greater than Quebecer
Greater availability of market food in many Aboriginal regions appears to be more attracting for young people.
CONCLUSION
EPA+DHA plasma PLs-2 times greater than Cree
-4 times greater than Quebeces