SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e SOCIOLOGY Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control This...

SOCIOLOGYSOCIOLOGYA Down-to-Earth Approach 8/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e

Chapter Eight: Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Deviance and Social

ControlControl

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James M. HenslinJames M. HenslinJames M. HenslinJames M. Henslin

Chapter 8:Deviance and Social Control

“It is not the act itself, but the reactions to

the act, that make something deviant.”

Howard Becker, 1966

What is Deviance?What is Deviance?

Relative Deviance

What is Deviant to Some is not

Deviant to Others

“Deviance” is Nonjudgmental Term

What is Deviance?What is Deviance?

Violation of Norms as Laws

Deviance

Violation of Rules or Norms

Stigma

Blemishes on “Normal” Identity

Deviance TerminologyDeviance Terminology

No Norms - Social Chaos

Social Control

Group’s Formal and Informal

Means of Enforcing Norms

Norms Make Social Life PossibleNorms Make Social Life Possible

Negative Sanctions

Positive Sanctions

SanctionsSanctions

Shaming is a Sanction

Can Be Centerpiece of Public Ritual

Degradation Ceremony

Shaming and Degradation CeremoniesShaming and Degradation Ceremonies

Sociobiology

Look for Answers Inside Individuals

Genetic Predispositions

Explanations of DevianceExplanations of Deviance

Psychology

Focuses on Abnormalities

Within Individuals

Personality Disorders

Deviant Personalities

Sociology

Look for Answers Outside Individuals

Social Class

Families

Friends, Neighbors

Subculture

Prison or Freedom?

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveDifferential Association Theory

Inner Controls

Morality

Conscience

Religious Principles

Symbolic Interactionist Perspective Control Theory

Outer Controls

Attachments

Commitments

Involvements

Beliefs that Actions are Morally Wrong

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveControl Theory

Focuses on the Significance of Labels

Labels Become Part of Self-Concept

Propel Towards or Away from Deviance

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveLabeling Theory

Denial of Responsibility

Denial of Injury

Denial of a Victim

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveRejecting Labels

Condemnation of Condemners

Appeal to Higher Loyalties

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveRejecting Labels

Embracing Labels—Outlaw Bikers

The Power of Labels—Saints and

Roughnecks

Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveLabeling Theory

Clarifies Moral Boundaries

and Affirms Norms

Promotes Social Unity

Promotes Social Change

Functionalist PerspectiveCan Deviance Be Functional?Functionalist PerspectiveCan Deviance Be Functional?

Social Values Produce Deviance

Cultural Goals

Institutional Means

Strain Leads to Anomie

Functionalist PerspectiveStrain TheoryFunctionalist PerspectiveStrain Theory

Innovators

Ritualism

Retreatism

Rebellion

Functionalist PerspectiveFour Deviant PathsFunctionalist PerspectiveFour Deviant Paths

Unequal Access to Institutional

Means to Success

Street Crime

White-Collar Crime

Gender and Crime

Functionalist PerspectiveIllegitimate Opportunity StructuresFunctionalist PerspectiveIllegitimate Opportunity Structures

Class, Crime, and the Criminal

Justice System

Power and Inequality

The Law as an Instrument of

Oppression

The Conflict PerspectiveThe Conflict Perspective

Street Crime and Prisons

Reaction to DevianceReaction to Deviance

Recidivism

The Decline of Crime

Recidivism

The Death Penalty Bias

The Decline of Crime

Legal Change

Trouble with Statistics

Medicalization of Deviance Neither Mental nor Illness?

Homeless Mentally Ill

Need for More Humane Approach

SOCIOLOGY A Down-to-Earth Approach 8/e SOCIOLOGY Chapter Eight: Deviance and Social Control This...

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