The Scramble for Africa“So long as there is imperialism in the world,

a permanent peace is impossible” – Hassan Nasrallah

Imperialism What is it?

The policy of extending the rule of an empire/nation over another territory/foreign country… OR acquiring/holding colonies in that country.

The Scramble: 1881-1914What was it?

Invasion, occupation, colonization and annexation of African territory by European powers.

In 1870, 10% of Africa was in the hands of Europeans. In 1914, 90% of Africa was in the hands of Europeans. Only Ethiopia and Liberia were independent!

The Scramble: 1881-1914Why?

End of slave tradeAge of explorationHenry staley mortonCapitalism Industrial revolution

The Berlin Conference 1884 & 1885

Established the ground rules for claiming land and carving up Africa!

IF a nation claimed a piece of land they had to notify the other signers of the Berlin Act. If not, then it was not legit.

The Berlin Conference Free trade in the Congo basinNiger/Congo rivers free for ship trafficCountries agreed to end slave tradeNew territories had to make treaties with local

rulers

Effects of the scrambleBoundaries determined in

Berlin Act are most of the boundaries in Africa today!

Divided ethnic groups Brought enemies under

the same government, causing problems (ex: Rwanda)

Exploited the resources in Africa

The Scramble Explainedhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=k6_2k4ipcLw