Imperialism

Introduction to Imperialism

What is Imperialism?

Imperialism – the domination by one country of the political, cultural, or economic life of another country

Motives of Imperialists – Economic Interests Natural Resources – rubber, oil, coal, etc… Markets Outlet for expanding population

Motives of Imperialists – Political and Military Interests Need for bases around the world to take

on coal and supplies (pit stops) Nationalism – competition for resources

(prestige of ruling a global empire)

Motives of Imperialists – Humanitarianism and Religious Concerns

Spread Western Civilization – law, medicine, and Christianity

Motives of Imperialists – Social Darwinism European races were superior to all

others Social Darwinism – imperial conquest

and destruction of weaker races were simply nature’s way of improving the human species (survival of the fittest)

Reasons for Imperialists’ Success

Strong economies Well-organized governments Powerful armies and navies Superior technology and improved medical

knowledge Superior weapons

Review of Imperialism

Forms of Imperial Control - Colony

Most restrictive Sending officials, soldiers, etc… to control

the people Example – Algeria (colony of France) &

India (colony of Great Britain)

http://www.kcl.ac.uk/depsta/iss/archives/empire/4-07pic2.html

Forms of Imperial Control - Protectorates Cost less than a colony Did not require a large commitment of military or

naval support Local rulers left in place Rulers were expected to accept the advice of

European advisers Example – Egypt (protectorate of Great Britain)

http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-fornv/uk/uksh-h/hood3.htm

Forms of Imperial Control – Spheres of Influence Least restrictive An area in which an

outside power claimed exclusive investment or trading privileges

China (Great Britain, France, Germany, Etc…)