Setting the Stage for War

Following World War IWorld War I brought about new conflictsWhat was the Treaty of Versailles?

Did not workGerman resentment

What was going on in the world following WWI?Weimar Republic- successful?

Dictators driven by nationalism After the war democracies were set up, but collapsed

Dictators were able to take power

Russia becomes the Soviet Union

Communism established by Lenin in 1922Joseph Stalin takes over in 1924

?Totalitarian Government?Abolished privately owned farms

Established Collectives- large government owned farms worked by hundreds of families.

5 Year Plans- to industrialize quickly1937 second strongest power in the worldEstimated 8 to 13 million killed

Stalin murdered people who did not agree with himMillions more died from hunger

Mussolini’s ItalyFollowing WWI- unemployment and

inflation = discontent in ItalyItaly ruled by a king

Mussolini takes advantage of discontentPowerful speaker

Played on people’s fears1921 Mussolini established Fascist party

Black Shirts= followersItalian King appoints Mussolini head of government

Adolf HitlerFollowing WWI a jobless soldier1919 joined struggling Nazi Party- German form of fascism based on extreme nationalism.

Powerful speakerGood organizer

Became party leaderThe Beer Hall Putsch- 1923 Nazi Party attempted to gain power in Munich, but failed.

Hitler’s political beliefsNazi expansionUnite all German speaking people Enforce racial purification (Germans especially)Aryan Race- blue eyed, blond hair=master race destined to rule the worldoJews and non-white were only fit to serve Aryan race

Mein Kampf (My Struggle)

???What was going on in the world which helped the Nazi’s gain power?

How did the Treaty of Versailles treat Germany?

Nazi’s Gain PowerWar Debts & dependence on American loans made German economy suffer.By 1932- 6 million unemployed

Many turned to Hitler for helpJoined Hitler’s army “Storm Troopers”1932 Nazi’s strongest political party in Germany1933 Hitler appointed German chancellor (Prime Minister)Dismantled the Weimar RepublicEstablished the Third Reich

Hitler’s First Years Bans StrikesGov’t given authority over businesses and laborUnemployment dropped from 6 million to 1.5 million in 1936!!!!Built roads, constructed factories,

manufactured weapons, and served in the military.What’s wrong with the above statement?

Controlled every aspect of German lifePress, radio, books to embrace Nazi beliefHitler Youth & League of German Girls

SPEECH! SPEECH! SPEECH!

The Build Up To World War II

China 1830-1912---(1912 Proves To Be A Very Important

Year For China

Militaristic JapanEmperor reigns but doesn’t rule1920’s extreme military leaders attempted to overthrow the emperor.

Great Depression put blame on governmentUnsuccessful

Military leaders launch surprise attack on China anyway

In Manchuria

Why would Japan want to invade another country?

Manchukuo- 1931Within months Japan controlledthis areaSet up a “puppet government”Why didn’t China win against tinyJapan?

Back in 1912- Democracy established in China Chiang Kai-shek (democratic) could not defeat the Japanese

Better equipped and trained (westernization)Conquer Beijing and NanjingThe Democratic Chinese set up new capital

in west and continue to fight Mao Zedong (a Chinese communist)

Japanese InvasionsWhat’s the League

of Nations?Sent people to

investigateWhat did Japan

do?Militarists in total

control of Japan

Show the Japanese Flick Here!

Italy ConquersEthiopia

Resisted Italians in 1890sMussolini wants revengeOctober 1935 defeats the

EthiopiansItalians had modern

weapons, Ethiopians did notLeague condemns Italy

but does nothingHope to keep peace by

giving in

Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty

See’s the League did nothing to Japan or Italy- Hitler builds up army.

League could not stop himActually makes Hitler

more confidentRhineland

Buffer between Germany and France

Hitler invades despite warnings

What happens?

AppeasementGiving in to the

opponent to keep peaceIf Britain had stepped in

at this point, Hitler would of stopped.

Strengthens Hitler’s prestige and power

Opens up Belgium and France to Germany

Axis Powers FormedItaly and Japan decide

to join up with Germany

Taking the Rhineland

Video Clip #2

The Spanish Civil WarFrancisco Franco

Fascist leader starts civil war in Spain

Hitler and Mussolini come to his aid

Western democracies stay out of itRussia helps a little

Franco wins and becomes dictator

The Final StepsU.S. was still Isolationist

Passes Neutrality ActsThe Third Reich

March 1938Germany annexes AustriaFrance and Britain ignore

pledge to protect AustriaSudetenland

Area of Czech made up of German speakers

Hitler demands rule of the area

Czech’s ask for help

Appeasement Round 2 (Hitler Calls A Meeting) Munich Conference

Germany, France, Britain, Italy

Neville ChamberlainBritish P.M. chooses

appeasementGives Germany Sudetenland

if Germany would respect Czech border

Winston ChurchillWarns that appeasement

would lead to war

Was Hitler really done?

Six Months LaterMarch, 1938

Hitler takes Czechoslovakia

Mussolini takes Albania

Hitler demands Danzig port from PolandDoesn’t think Britain

and France will risk warHitler and Stalin sign

nonaggression pact August 23rd, 1939Why?

No one is left to stop the Axis Powers