Post on 21-Feb-2017
Presentation OutlineSena
• Botanical name
• Botanical description
• Medicinal uses
• Production technology
Soil and Climate Sowing date Irrigation Fertilizers Insect pest and diseases etc.
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Botanical description
• Botanical name: Cassia angustifolia or Cassia acutifolia
• Family: Fabaceae
•English name: Senna
• Common name: Sona mukhi
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Origin and History• It is indigenous to Somalia, Southern Arabia and part of
Sindh (Pakistan) and the Kutch area of Gujarat.
• In India, it is cultivated in Gujarat, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.
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Botanical description• Flowering plant
• Perennial and small herb
• Which grows up to 10 meters
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Leaves• Leaves are large, compound and pinnate, pale-green
and bluish green in color.
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Flowers• Inflorescence is racemes.• Flowers have 5 sepals and 5 yellowish petals,
bright yellow in colour, arranged in axillary, erect.
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Fruit
• Fruits are legumes which is flat, 4-7 cm long and 1.5 – 1.7 cm broad having 5-7 dark brown ovate. • It is green in the beginning changing to greenish-brown to dark brown on maturity.
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Medicinal plants
• Senna plant contain many chemicals like sennosides.
• It is useful for a treatment of gout and jaundice.
• Senna with water pills decrease potassium in body.
• Leafs is anti inflammatory in nature.
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Medicinal uses• Used for treating fever, indigestion and killing ringworm
naturally.
• Use for stomach pain.
• Regulates gastric juice secretion in body.
• Used in the case of breathing difficulties.
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Medicinal uses• Used for weight loss.• Fight against cough, cold, fever and asthma.• Leaf mixed with tea for dieter because it decreases
appetite without affecting body system.
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Medicinal uses• It is used as laxative.• It is a safe for a shorter period in case of pregnancy or
breastfeeding.• It is use for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.• Used for treatment of skin disorders.
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Soil and Climate
• Soil: • It is grown in well drained sandy or sandy loam.•Climate:
• It is a hardy warm weather crop grown under rainfed and irrigated conditions.
•The soil pH suited for cultivation is 7.0 – 8.5.•Sensitive to water-logging
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Seed bed preparation
• It needs 2-3 cross-ploughing, harrowing and leveling. • The land is prepared deep and exposed to the sun for
15-20 days to dry out the roots of perennial weeds.• FYM is incorporated into the soil at the time of the final
cross-ploughing.
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Seed rate• 15 - 20 kg/ha of seeds for drill. Seed depth 1.0-1.5cm.
• The seeds are scarified with sand or can be soaked overnight in water and sown in beds at a spacing 45 x 30 cm.
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Fertilizers and Manures• 5-10 t/ha well-rotted FYM should be mixed at the time of sowing. • It required NPK, 80:40:40 kg. • The entire dose of P and K and 50% of N should be applied at the time of sowing, and the remaining 50% of N is to be applied 90 days after sowing.
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Irrigations
• Senna can be grown under rainfed conditions. • Average 30-40 cm rainfall is enough for the crop. • The crop needs no irrigation except during prolonged drought. • About 5-8 light irrigations are enough to raise a good crop.
• Heavy irrigations are injurious to the crop
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Weeding• It required 2-3 weeding.
• 1st weeding should be done at 25-30 days after sowing. • 2nd weeding should be done at 75-80 days after sowing. • The last weeding should be done at 110 days.
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Harvesting
• The first harvest of leaves and pods are done at 2 months after sowing and subsequent harvests at 30 days interval.
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Drying• The harvested crop should be spread in a thin layer in an
open field to reduce its moisture. • It takes 10-12 days to dry completely. • A rapid mechanical drying at 400 C.
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Packing and Storage• Packing :
• It is wrapped in gunny bags for export. Storage : • Leaves and Pods should be stored in dry place. • It should be stored in bags.
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Diseases
• Leaf spot: Small dark grayish spots appears on the leaf surface. • Later on the spots enlarge to circular areas. • In severe cases, the entire plant defoliates. •Due to this, there is poor yielding of crop.
• Leaf blight • Damping off
Leaf spot
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Yield
•Irrigated Dried leaves : 2 t/ha.Dried pod : 150 - 200 kg/ha.
•Rainfed Dried leaves : 1 t/ha.
Dried pods : 75 - 100 kg/ha.
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