Revolution in Hungary, 1956

SarmientoBarretoCanales

Europe Map

Context

• The world is leaving behind the war and entering the cold war(1945-1989)

• Stalin died in 1953• Khrushchev just replaced Stalin as leader of the

USSR• Riots in Poland in 1956 to kick out the russians• Khrushchev gave a speech in february 1956,

saying Stalin was a tyrant with satelite countries

A Change in the USSR

Joseph Stalin

Nikita Khruschev

The “Secret Speech”

• On February 25, 1956, at the Twentieth Party Congress, he delivered the "Secret Speech", denouncing Stalin's purges and ushering in a less repressive era in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)

Outside?: Riots in Poland

In June 1956, scores of demonstrators died when army troops quelled street riots in Poland, inaugurating a recurrent phenomenon of Polish worker protest against the self-proclaimed workers' state.

Change of Leader in Poland

Imre Nagi

Mátyás Rákosi

Inside Hungary

• Hungary became a communist state under the severely authoritarian leadership of Mátyás Rákosi.

• Russian language study and Communist political instruction were made mandatory in schools.

• The Hungarian National Bank in 1946 estimated the cost of reparations as "between 19 and 22 per cent of the annual national income.“

• Huge income deductions to finance industrial investment reduced disposable personal income; mismanagement created chronic shortages in basic foodstuffs resulting in rationing of bread, sugar, flour and meat.

Before the Revolution – Students Communities

• After the bury of László Rajk, some students in Hungary decided to form the MEFESZ (Hungarian abbreviation for the Unified Organization of Hungarian College and university students).

• These organizations went out to the streets in Budapest

THE REVOLUTIONIn october 23 of 1956 explote the revolution in Hungary

•Thousands organized into militias, battling the State Security Police (ÁVH) and Soviet troops•The new government formally disbanded the ÁVH, declared its intention to withdraw from the Warsaw Pact and pledged to re-establish free elections.•The revolt began as a student demonstration which attracted thousands as it marched through central Budapest to the Parliament building.

Soviet Troops in Hungary

• On 1 November, Imre Nagy received reports that Soviet forces had entered Hungary from the east and were moving towards Budapest.

• At 3:00 a.m. on 4 November, Soviet tanks penetrated Budapest along the Pest side of the Danube in two thrusts.

USSR Tanks

• The USSR sent tanks to Hungary to take the country back in line.

Consequences

• People escaped from Hungary and lots of Hungarians died, Budapest was destroyed.

City destroyed People scared running

A new Change in Hungary

Imre Nagi

Was arrested in Budapest, and forced to leave the place as president by the soviets.

Cosequences: Nagy Hanged• Imre Nagy was hanged in Moscow

• The message of the USSR was clear: No Rebels on his Soviet Satellites.

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