Post on 24-May-2015
description
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMby :
RIKA DEWI PURNAMASARI4401412119
ELITA ANGGRAINI SETYOBUDI4401412054
Cell Reproductive System
Plant Reproductive System
Animal Reproductive System
CELL REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
CELL REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
• Cells must accurately separate genetic material during cell reproduction
• Cell reproduction devided into two methods
Mitosis
Meiosis
MITOSIS
Produces two cells identical to original cell.
Each cell has full DNA complement.
Used for growth and repair of somatic (body) cells.
STAGES OF MITOSISPROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE
INTERPHASE
PROPHASE
Chromosomes shorten and become visible
(early prophase).
Chromosomes made up of 2 identical
chromatin threads called chromatids.
Centrioles migrate toward opposite pole pulled
by kinetochore.
Nuclear envelope disintegrates (late prophase).
PROPHASE
METAPHASE
Chromosomes lined up in the middle.
Mitotic spindle complete
METAPHASE
METAPHASE
Chromosome at Metaphase
ANAPHASE
Sister chromatids (= identical strands of DNA) split from each other to form divided identical chromosomes.Kinetochore fibers shorten and pull divided identical chromosomes to opposite sides of the dividing cell.Polar microtubules slide past each other, lengthening and pushing the cell apart
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE
Divided chromosomes reach opposite sides of cell and begin to disperse as chromatin.Nuclear envelopes reforms around separated collections of chromosomes to form two nuclei.Cytokinesis- completion of cell divisionSpindle apparatus disintegrates.Cytokinesis usually begins near the end of telophase.
TELOPHASE
INTERPHASE
Terbentuk dua sel anak dan kembali sel mengadakan pertumbuhan, yang diikuti dengan sintesis DNA dan selama itu kromosom terduplikasi. Pada interfase ini tidak terlihat bentuk kromosom. Pada mitosis antara fase tidak ada batas yang jelas.
INTERPHASE
INTERPHASE
• G0 - time when a cell performs its normal functions - example: a cell in your stomach lining might make and release enzymes that aid in digestion
• During G1 (gap or growth), S (DNA syntheis) and G2 of interphase a cell roughly doubles everything in its cytoplasm- increases its supply of proteins, the number of many of its organelles, and grows in size- S phase: chromosome duplication - in G2 each chromosome consists of 2 identical sister chromatids and the cell is preparing to divide.
INTERPHASE
MEIOSIS
Produces 4 cells that are not identical to parent cell.
Daughter cells have half genetic complement.
Produces gametes (sex cells).
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
CELL REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
MITOSIS MEIOSIS
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
PLANT REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
ASECSUAL REPRODUCTION
SECSUAL REPRODUCTION
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM
REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
MALE FEMALE
TestesFormed in abdominal cavity.Cryptorchidism “hidden testes”
Sterility if not corrected in childhoodSubject ot tumor formation
Male Reproductive System
SCROTUMOutpouching of skin that contains
both testes; can be moved closer to or farther from body to help maintain temperature suitable for sperm formation