Post on 14-Oct-2020
Report cardCanada
1
Contents Page
Obesity prevalence 2
Trend Adults living with obesity in Canada 1970-2017 4
Trend Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017 6
Overweightobesity by education 8
Overweightobesity by age 10
Overweightobesity by region 12
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group 15
Insufficient physical activity 18
Estimated per capita fruit intake 24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake 25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake 26
Mental health - depression disorders 27
Mental health - anxiety disorders 28
Oesophageal cancer 29
Breast cancer 31
Colorectal cancer 32
Pancreatic cancer 34
Gallbladder cancer 36
Kidney cancer 38
Cancer of the uterus 40
Raised blood pressure 41
Raised cholesterol 44
Raised fasting blood glucose 47
Diabetes prevalence 49
Health systems 50
Obesity prevalence
Adults 2017
Adults Men Women0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 18-79
Sample size 5071
Area covered National
References Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) 2017 Available from
httpswww150statcangccat1tbl1entvactionpid=1310037301amppickMembers5B05D=33 [Accessed 21
February 2019]
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
2
Children 2017
Children Boys Girls0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 5-17
Sample size 5071
Area covered National
References Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) 2017 Available from
httpswww150statcangccat1tbl1entvactionpid=1310037301amppickMembers5B05D=33 [Accessed 6
March 2019]
Notes WHO cut-offs used
Cutoffs WHO
3
Adults living with obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
4
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
5
Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
6
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Obesity prevalence
Adults 2017
Adults Men Women0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 18-79
Sample size 5071
Area covered National
References Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) 2017 Available from
httpswww150statcangccat1tbl1entvactionpid=1310037301amppickMembers5B05D=33 [Accessed 21
February 2019]
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
2
Children 2017
Children Boys Girls0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 5-17
Sample size 5071
Area covered National
References Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) 2017 Available from
httpswww150statcangccat1tbl1entvactionpid=1310037301amppickMembers5B05D=33 [Accessed 6
March 2019]
Notes WHO cut-offs used
Cutoffs WHO
3
Adults living with obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
4
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
5
Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
6
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Children 2017
Children Boys Girls0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 5-17
Sample size 5071
Area covered National
References Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) 2017 Available from
httpswww150statcangccat1tbl1entvactionpid=1310037301amppickMembers5B05D=33 [Accessed 6
March 2019]
Notes WHO cut-offs used
Cutoffs WHO
3
Adults living with obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
4
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
5
Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
6
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Adults living with obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
4
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
5
Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
6
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity
o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
5
Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
6
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Adults living with overweight or obesity in Canada 1970-2017
Women
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
6
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Men
1970 1980 1990 2000 20100
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
o
verw
eigh
t or o
besi
ty
Survey type Measured
References For full details of references visit httpsdataworldobesityorg
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable Please
check with original data sources for methodologies used
7
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Overweightobesity by education
Adults 2004
Primarybasic education Secondary Post-secondary University graduate (3yr or 4yr programs)0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 25-64
Sample size 8383
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
8
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Children 2004
Secondary or less Some post secondary Post-secondary0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Post Secondary Obese figure with caution IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
9
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Overweightobesity by age
Adults 2008
Men Women Men Women Men Women Men WomenAge 20-34 Age 35-44 Age 45-64 Age 65+
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Area covered National
References httpwww5statcangccaaccess_accesalternative_alternatifl=engampkeng=223ampkfra=223ampteng=Download20file
20from20CANSIMamptfra=Fichier20extrait20de20CANSIMamploc=httpwww20statcangccatables-
tableauxcansimcsv01050507-engzipampdispext=CSV
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
10
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Children 2009-2011
Age 5-11 Age 12-170
5
10
15
20
25
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Sample size 2123
Area covered National
References Roberts KC Shields M de Groh M Aziz A and Gilbert JA Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents Results
from the 2009 to 2011 Canadian Health Measures Survey Statistics Canada Catalogue no 82-003-XPE AcircnotAtildemacr Health
Reports Vol 23 no 3 September 2012
Notes IOTF International Cut-off Points
Cutoffs IOTF
11
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Overweightobesity by region
Men 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
12
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
Northwest Territory
Nova Scotia
Nunavut
OntarioPrince Edward Island
QuebecSaskatchewan
Yukon
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
13
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Children 2014
AlbertaBritish Colombia
CanadaManitoba
New Brunswick
New Foundland amp Labrador
OntarioQuebec
0
10
20
30
40
Overweight or obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 12-17
Area covered National Survey
References Canadian Community Health Survey 2014 Statistics Canada httpwwwstatcangccatables-tableauxsum-
soml01cst01health84b-enghtm (accessed 27th Feb 2018)
Notes IOTF International Cut Offs Applied Some regions supplied but results considered unreliable as sample too small
Cutoffs IOTF
14
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Overweightobesity by socio-economic group
Men 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
5
10
15
20
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
15
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2002-2003
1st quintile (lowest) 2nd quintile 3rd quintile 4th quintile 5th quintile (highest)0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Obesity
Survey type Self-reported
Age 18+
Sample size 2221
Area covered National
References Siddiqi A Brown R Nguyen QC Loopstra R Kawachi I Cross-national comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in
obesity in the United States and Canada International Journal for Equity in Health 201514116 doi101186s12939-
015-0251-2
Notes SELF REPORTED DATA
Unless otherwise noted overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 299kgmsup2 obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kgmsup2
16
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Children 2004
Low Low middle Middle Upper middle High0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Obesity Overweight
Survey type Measured
Age 2-17
Sample size 8661
Area covered National
References Canadian Community Survey 2004
Notes Treat Low income figures with caution (see paper for full details) IOTF International Cut off used
Cutoffs IOTF
17
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Insufficient physical activity
Adults 2016
Dominica
UruguayChile
EcuadorCanada
GrenadaMexico
Venezuela
St Kitts amp Nevis
JamaicaCuba
Guatemala
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Dominican Republic
St LuciaUnited States
Argentina
Barbados
Bahamas
Colombia
Suriname
Costa Rica
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
18
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Men 2016
Dominica
UruguayGrenada
St Kitts amp Nevis
ChileEcuador
MexicoCanada
St LuciaTrinidad amp Tobago
JamaicaBarbados
Venezuela
Bahamas
CubaUnited States
Dominican Republic
Guatemala
Argentina
Costa Rica
Paraguay
Suriname
Colombia
Brazil
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
19
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2016
UruguayChile
EcuadorDominica
CanadaMexico
Venezuela
GrenadaJamaica
Paraguay
Guatemala
St Kitts amp Nevis
CubaDominican Republic
Argentina
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colombia
Suriname
St LuciaBrazil
Costa Rica
Barbados
Bahamas
0
10
20
30
40
50
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
References Guthold R Stevens GA Riley LM Bull FC Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016 a pooled
analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 19 million participants Lancet 2018 httpdxdoiorg101016S2214-
109X(18)30357-7
20
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Children 2010
United States
Canada
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Belize
Suriname
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Argentina
Dom
inica
Honduras
Uruguay
Guyana
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
St Lucia
Grenada
Peru
Chile
Colom
bia
Bolivia
El Salvador
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
21
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Boys 2010
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Canada
Belize
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Uruguay
Suriname
Argentina
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Guyana
Brazil
Grenada
Dom
inica
Bolivia
Colom
bia
El Salvador
Peru
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
22
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Girls 2010
Canada
Belize
United States
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Suriname
Dom
inica
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Peru
Guyana
Barbados
Colom
bia
Grenada
Honduras
Argentina
Baham
as
Guatem
ala
Costa R
ica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Bolivia
El Salvador
Chile
Uruguay
Brazil
Ecuador
Venezuela
0
20
40
60
80
100
in
suffi
cien
t phy
sica
l act
ivity
Age 11-17
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA893lang=en
Notes of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health ie doing less
than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily
Definitions Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
23
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults 2017
Nicaragua
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Haiti
Honduras
Chile
El Salvador
Bolivia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Venezuela
Uruguay
Suriname
United States
Belize
Panama
Mexico
Barbados
Peru
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Argentina
Grenada
Canada
Brazil
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Cuba
Ecuador
Dom
inican Republic
Baham
as
0
50
100
150
200
250
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita fruit intake (gday)
24
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults 2017
Haiti
Bolivia
Peru
Honduras
Nicaragua
Guyana
Belize
Jamaica
Guatem
ala
Cuba
El Salvador
Paraguay
St Vincent amp G
ren
Dom
inica
St Lucia
Grenada
Colom
bia
Dom
inican Republic
Suriname
Venezuela
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Panama
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Ecuador
Uruguay
Mexico
Chile
Canada
United States
0
5
10
15
20
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
25
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults 2017
Uruguay
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Argentina
Chile
Jamaica
Belize
Barbados
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Haiti
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Ecuador
United States
Bolivia
Canada
Cuba
Guyana
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Peru
El Salvador
Paraguay
Honduras
Brazil
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Panama
Mexico
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
gda
y
Survey type Measured
Age 25+
References Global Burden of Disease the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation httpghdxhealthdataorg
Definitions Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (gday)
26
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults 2015
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Venezuela
Haiti
Belize
Bolivia
El Salvador
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Argentina
Canada
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Jamaica
Peru
Suriname
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Chile
Uruguay
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Cuba
Brazil
United States
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with depression disorders
27
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults 2015
Mexico
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Panama
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Canada
Bolivia
Haiti
Ecuador
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Guyana
Jamaica
Peru
Colom
bia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Lucia
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
Chile
Paraguay
Brazil
0
2
4
6
8
o
f pop
ulat
ion
References Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (httpghdxhealthdataorg) published in Depression and
Other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates GenevaWorld Health Organization 2017 Licence CC BY-
NC-SA 30 IGO
Definitions of population with anxiety disorders
28
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Oesophageal cancer
Men 2018
Nicaragua
Guyana
Suriname
Mexico
Belize
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Peru
Ecuador
Barbados
Costa R
ica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Chile
Venezuela
Jamaica
Baham
as
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
Paraguay
Brazil
Cuba
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
29
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2018
Belize
St Lucia
Suriname
Nicaragua
Trinidad amp Tobago
Baham
as
Barbados
Mexico
Panama
Guyana
Ecuador
Venezuela
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Colom
bia
Peru
Honduras
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
United States
Cuba
Paraguay
Canada
Brazil
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Haiti
0
05
1
15
2
25
3
35
4
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 oesophagus adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
30
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Breast cancer
Women 2018
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
Honduras
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Belize
Mexico
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Panama
Colom
bia
Cuba
Guyana
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
St Lucia
Venezuela
Suriname
Jamaica
Dom
inican Republic
Brazil
Baham
as
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Canada
United States
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 breast females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
31
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Colorectal cancer
Men 2018
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Bolivia
El Salvador
Honduras
Belize
Haiti
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Mexico
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Venezuela
Paraguay
Cuba
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Panama
Suriname
Brazil
Jamaica
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Baham
as
United States
Argentina
Canada
Uruguay
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
32
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2018
Guyana
Bolivia
Guatem
ala
Honduras
El Salvador
Mexico
Belize
Ecuador
Haiti
Nicaragua
Peru
Paraguay
Venezuela
Suriname
Dom
inican Republic
Panama
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
St Lucia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Chile
Brazil
Cuba
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
Uruguay
Jamaica
Barbados
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 colorectum adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
33
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Pancreatic cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guatem
ala
Baham
as
Bolivia
Ecuador
Jamaica
El Salvador
Guyana
Mexico
St Lucia
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Colom
bia
Costa R
ica
Haiti
Cuba
Venezuela
Dom
inican Republic
Peru
Brazil
Paraguay
Honduras
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Canada
Barbados
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
34
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2018
Baham
as
St Lucia
Guatem
ala
Guyana
Bolivia
Panama
Haiti
El Salvador
Jamaica
Ecuador
Nicaragua
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Dom
inican Republic
Colom
bia
Cuba
Honduras
Belize
Venezuela
Brazil
Trinidad amp Tobago
Peru
Paraguay
Suriname
Chile
Barbados
Canada
Argentina
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 pancreas adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
35
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Gallbladder cancer
Men 2018
Belize
Guyana
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Panama
Guatem
ala
Suriname
Honduras
St Lucia
Venezuela
Paraguay
Barbados
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Mexico
Brazil
Nicaragua
United States
Colom
bia
Canada
Argentina
Baham
as
Ecuador
Peru
Uruguay
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
36
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2018
Guyana
Suriname
St Lucia
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
Belize
Dom
inican Republic
Guatem
ala
Venezuela
Barbados
Panama
Baham
as
Cuba
United States
Brazil
Jamaica
Costa R
ica
Paraguay
Canada
Argentina
Uruguay
Mexico
Nicaragua
Ecuador
Colom
bia
Honduras
El Salvador
Peru
Chile
Bolivia
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 gallbladder adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
37
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Kidney cancer
Men 2018
St Lucia
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Guatem
ala
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Honduras
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Suriname
Baham
as
Bolivia
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Paraguay
Mexico
Panama
Costa R
ica
Cuba
Brazil
Venezuela
Peru
Barbados
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
5
10
15
20
25
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
38
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2018
Belize
Suriname
Haiti
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Guyana
Honduras
Paraguay
St Lucia
Baham
as
Trinidad amp Tobago
Colom
bia
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Bolivia
Mexico
Panama
Brazil
Cuba
Peru
Venezuela
Chile
Argentina
Canada
United States
Uruguay
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 kidney adults ages 20+ ASR (World) per 100000
39
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Cancer of the uterus
Women 2018
Canada
United States
Baham
as
Mexico
Costa R
ica
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
Colom
bia
St Lucia
Cuba
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Ecuador
El Salvador
Panama
Honduras
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Peru
Venezuela
Suriname
Belize
Jamaica
Paraguay
Guyana
Bolivia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Inci
denc
e pe
r 100
000
Age 20+
References Global Cancer Observatory Cancer incidence rates httpgcoiarcfr (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018 cervix uteri females ages 20+ ASR (World) per
100000
40
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Raised blood pressure
Adults 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
Venezuela
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Cuba
Colom
bia
Mexico
Panama
Uruguay
Nicaragua
Baham
as
Chile
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Suriname
Dom
inica
Argentina
Belize
Guyana
Brazil
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Grenada
Barbados
Haiti
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
41
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Men 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Bolivia
Ecuador
El Salvador
Cuba
Costa R
ica
Colom
bia
Venezuela
Nicaragua
Guatem
ala
Mexico
Panama
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Guyana
Jamaica
Suriname
Uruguay
Baham
as
Haiti
Chile
Dom
inica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Grenada
Barbados
Argentina
Trinidad amp Tobago
Paraguay
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
42
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2015
United States
Canada
Peru
Venezuela
Ecuador
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Chile
Baham
as
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Cuba
El Salvador
Mexico
Panama
Argentina
Dom
inican Republic
Jamaica
Dom
inica
Brazil
Nicaragua
Suriname
Honduras
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Guatem
ala
St Vincent amp G
ren
Belize
Paraguay
Guyana
Grenada
Barbados
St Kitts amp Nevis
Haiti
Trinidad amp Tobago
St Lucia
0
5
10
15
20
25
ra
ised
blo
od p
ress
ure
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA875lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised estimated Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBPgt=140 OR DBPgt=90)
43
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Raised cholesterol
Adults 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
El Salvador
Suriname
Bolivia
St Vincent amp G
ren
St Lucia
Dom
inica
Paraguay
Venezuela
Peru
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Costa R
ica
St Kitts amp Nevis
Uruguay
Colom
bia
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Brazil
Chile
Argentina
Mexico
Baham
as
Canada
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
44
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Men 2008
Haiti
Guyana
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guatem
ala
Honduras
Nicaragua
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Grenada
Belize
El Salvador
Dom
inica
Suriname
Venezuela
Bolivia
St Lucia
Paraguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Costa R
ica
Peru
Ecuador
St Kitts amp Nevis
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Colom
bia
Uruguay
Brazil
Mexico
Chile
Baham
as
Argentina
United States
Canada
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
45
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2008
Haiti
Guyana
Guatem
ala
Nicaragua
Honduras
Jamaica
Cuba
Dom
inican Republic
Belize
Grenada
Bolivia
El Salvador
Suriname
St Vincent amp G
ren
Peru
Paraguay
St Lucia
Uruguay
Trinidad amp Tobago
Ecuador
Venezuela
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Brazil
St Kitts amp Nevis
Costa R
ica
Barbados
Panama
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Chile
Argentina
Canada
Mexico
Baham
as
United States
0
10
20
30
40
50
ra
ised
cho
lest
erol
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA885
Definitions Raised total cholesterol (gt= 50 mmolL) (age-standardized estimate)
46
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men 2014-2019
Canada
United States
Peru
Paraguay
Ecuador
Brazil
Colom
bia
Haiti
Bolivia
Costa R
ica
Venezuela
Argentina
Cuba
Panama
Uruguay
Honduras
Guatem
ala
El Salvador
Chile
Nicaragua
Dom
inican Republic
Mexico
St Vincent amp G
ren
Guyana
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Trinidad amp Tobago
Grenada
Suriname
Dom
inica
Baham
as
Barbados
Jamaica
St Lucia
Belize
St Kitts amp Nevis
Age 18-69
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
47
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Women 2014-2019
Canada
Bolivia
Peru
Cuba
Ecuador
Brazil
Paraguay
United States
Colom
bia
Dom
inica
Honduras
Dom
inican Republic
Haiti
Costa R
ica
Grenada
Guatem
ala
Panama
Guyana
Uruguay
Nicaragua
El Salvador
Jamaica
St Vincent amp G
ren
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Argentina
Venezuela
Belize
Chile
Trinidad amp Tobago
Barbados
Mexico
Suriname
Baham
as
St Kitts amp Nevis
St Lucia
Age 18-69
0
20
40
60
80
ra
ised
fast
ing
bloo
d gl
ucos
e
References Global Health Observatory data repository World Health Organisation
httpappswhointghodatanodemainA869lang=en
Definitions Age Standardised raised fasting blood glucose (gt= 70 mmolL or on medication)
48
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Diabetes prevalence
Adults 2017
Argentina
Ecuador
Peru
Venezuela
Haiti
Bolivia
Uruguay
Honduras
Canada
Colom
bia
Brazil
Dom
inican Republic
Cuba
Paraguay
Panama
Chile
Costa R
ica
El Salvador
Guatem
ala
Grenada
United States
Trinidad amp Tobago
Jamaica
Nicaragua
Dom
inica
Guyana
St Lucia
St Vincent amp G
ren
Suriname
St Kitts amp Nevis
Mexico
Antigua amp B
arbuda
Baham
as
Barbados
Belize
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
d
iabe
tes
prev
alen
ce
References Reproduced with kind permission of IDF International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas 8th edition Brussels
Belgium International Diabetes Federation 2017 httpwwwdiabetesatlasorg
Definitions Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence ()
49
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Health systems
Economic classification High Income
Health systems summary
The Canadian Health Act (CHA) was passed in 1984 The aim of the CHA was to ensure that all Canadian citizens had lsquofree at the point of carersquo for approved healthcare needs Now almost all Canadiansrsquo healthcare is provided for by Medicare a publicly funded single-payer health care system If a treatment is classified as lsquomedically necessaryrsquo it must be funded through the government funded Medicare system Medicare plans however do not cover pharmaceuticals home care or long-term care costs These additional costs are required to be covered by supplementary health insurance
Approximately 70 of total health expenditure is publicly sourced (primarily through general taxation) Around half of the remaining 30 come from out of pocket payments by patients
Indicators
Where is the countryrsquos government in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a diseasersquo Some progress
Where is the countryrsquos healthcare provider in the journey towards defining lsquoObesity as a
diseasersquo
Some progress
Is there specialist training available dedicated to the training of health professionals to
prevent diagnose treat and manage obesity
Some progress
Have any taxes or subsidies been put in place to protectassistinform the population around
obesity
Yes
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in urban areas
No
Are there adequate numbers of trained health professionals in specialties relevant to obesity
in rural areas
No
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for adults Yes
Are there any obesity-specific recommendations or guidelines published for children Yes
In practice how is obesity treatment largely funded Out of pocket
50
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51
Perceived barriers to treatment
Lack of training for healthcare
professionals
Obesity not recognised as a
disease
Lack of treatment facilities
Summary of stakeholder feedback
While the Canadian Medical Association classifies obesity as a disease the Canadian Government does not Official recognition of obesity as a chronic disease by the government would ensure that obesity was included within the chronic disease treatment portfolio so there would be more funds and incentives to treat
Though the current health system should theoretically allow people with obesity to receive health care in a structured and systematic way stakeholders suggest that obesity is not effectively managed within the current health system The availability of treatment varies widely between provinces and territories staff are inadequately trained and there is a lack of multi-disciplinary teams despite it being widely recognised by healthcare practitioners to be crucial for successful obesity management
Stakeholders report that individuals often enter the system via the emergency room and then are not referred onto appropriate care When they are referred onto care the availability of weight loss programmes and bariatric treatments is inconsistent and often subject to long waiting times in the public sector (particularly for the latter) As a result those that can afford to go abroad for bariatric treatment do so and much of the population use unregulated and expensive weight-loss service providers
Stakeholders also reported that many health care practitioners feel ill-equipped to treat obesity and feel that existing government guidelines are outdated It was highlighted however that the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published prevention treatment and management guidelines for adults and children in primary care in 2015
Based on interviewssurvey returns from 4 stakeholders
Last updated June 2020
PDF created on March 4 2021
51