Post on 26-Jun-2015
description
Reasons of non-use: a study on Mozambican telecentres
Sara Vannini, Isabella Rega, Simone Sala, David Salomao, Lorenzo Cantoni
NewMinE Lab – Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
telecentres
community radios
Community Media Centers
telecentres
community radios
Community Media Centers
Quem?
1
2
Se o inquirido respondeu NÃO à todas as opções, pare o questionário!
Quem?
3
Se o inquirido respondeu SIM pelo menos à uma das opções, pare o questionário!
Telecenters vs Telemovel?
Eishhh! Nao pode se fazer tudo com o telemovel!
What are the reasons
behind the lack of use of CMCs’
telecentres, according to local
stakeholders in Mozambique?
How much do these reasons
weight in the non-use of CMCs’
telecentres of people who actively
use its community radio?
1. interviews
“Como tem computadores na
escola os alunos preferem ir na
escola porque na rádio tem que
pagar”
competitors - cost
“…tem internet, para alem da
TDM tem outros sítios também ai
onde tem internet funciona como
deve ser, e as pessoas preferem
ir a TDM porque tem
qualidade…”
competitors – better service
“The place is not well organized
because when I went there in
2008 I didn’t see any computer
[...] Even the guys that work
there, they are not organized.”
service – quality
“…O meu objectivo era de fazer
algumas pesquisas na internet
mais quando lá cheguei disseram
me que o sistema estava
avariado então pronto eu fiquei
assim já nada mais podia
fazer…”
service – not available
“…talves eles precisam mais de
informacao para lhes dizer que afina
de conta isto tem haver … também o
camponês pode fazer parte da rádio
aproveitando assim o departamento
dos livros para ir ler livros diferentes
para eles lerem e ter informados
service – not promoted
“…A distancia é maior… vem
aprender computador deve vir
todos os dias, ir voltar, ir voltar,
então é muito dinheiro por causa
da distancia...”
resource constraints - distance
“Por causa do tempo. Fico
ocupado das 7h30 até as 15h30
e nesse tempo já não da para ir
para lá”
resource constraints - time
“Eu gostaria de ir… lá só que não
tenho possibilidade..”
resource constraints - costs
“Ali não apanho nada mesmo.”
relevance - not profitable
“…Eu não vou… porque os
pacotes que lá são ministrados
eu já tenho os pacotes como
usuário…”
relevance - not challenging
“… Outros não vêm porque
pensam que custa, mas uma
pessoa com vontade não custa
nada.”
relevance – too difficult
“…O computador, eu não sei de
nada porque eu já sou uma
velha, sou estou acompanhar
que há computador, vejo miúdos
estudantes a mexer o
computado…”
relevance – not for them
2. survey
Age Group Frequency Percent
Under 20 32 9.8%
20-29 109 33.2%
30-39 88 26.8%
40-49 55 16.8%
Over 50 17 5.2%No answer 27 8.2%
Total 328 100.0%
Quem?
Education Level Frequency Percent
No education 27 8.2%
1-5 class 55 16.8%
6-10 class 102 31.1%
11-12 class 104 31.7%
University 27 8.2%
No answer 5 1.5%
Other 4 1.2%
Does not know 4 1.2%
Total 328 100.00%
Quem?
No need of such servicesNot the services needed
Access to PC not grantedNo need of PC
No funOther
Mobile Internet userNot Portuguese speaker
Use services at homeUse services at work
Access to InternetNot literate
User of other competitorPrices
Place of CMCHours
Not able to use PCNo knowledge of services
No Time
0.2%
0.3%
0.8%
1.0%
1.0%
1.2%
1.7%
2.2%
2.2%
4.0%
4.0%
4.3%
7.0%
7.1%
9.6%
10.1%
11.0%
14.1%
18.3%
non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use
No need of such servicesNot the services needed
Access to PC not grantedNo need of PC
No funOther
Mobile Internet userNot Portuguese speaker
Use services at homeUse services at work
Access to InternetNot literate
User of other competitorPrices
Place of CMCHours
Not able to use PCNo knowledge of services
No Time
0.2%
0.3%
0.8%
1.0%
1.0%
1.2%
1.7%
2.2%
2.2%
4.0%
4.0%
4.3%
7.0%
7.1%
9.6%
10.1%
11.0%
14.1%
18.3%
non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use
Competitors
No knowledge of services
Service
Relevance
Resource Constraint
7.0%
14.1%
19.3%
27.9%
45.8%
non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use
Competitors
No knowledge of services
Service
Relevance
Resource Constraint
7.0%
14.1%
19.3%
27.9%
45.8%
non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use
non-users + radio users: access52.1% use(d) a computer43.3% access(ed) the Internet
they access(ed) the Internet…21.0% through a computer29.0% through a mobile phone
they access(ed) the Internet…21.0% through a computer29.0% through a mobile phone50.0% using both
they use(d) computers…
Work Friends/Relatives Home Public Place School
28.1%
21.5%
17.6% 17.6%
15.2%
they access(ed) the Internet…
Work Public Place Home Friends/Relatives School
28.8%27.7%
23.4%
13.6%
6.5%
proxy / infomediaries
34.1% asked to go on their behalf
proxy / infomediaries30.8% photocopies19.7% type documents17.9% educational issues
3. conclusions
non-users are not only the most disadvantaged
…more advanced services?
[confirming: Gómez 2011; Parkinson & Lauzon 2008; Pal 2007;
Sey et. al. 2013]
Conclusions
non-users are not only the most disadvantaged
…more advanced services?
communication & promotion are under-estimated
…strategies?
[confirming: Chigona & Licker 2008; Sey et. al. 2013]
Conclusions
non-users are not only the most disadvantaged
…more advanced services?
communication & promotion are under-estimated
…strategies?
role of infomediaries …confirmed![Gómez 2011; Sey et. al. 2013]
Conclusions
Worth investing in telecenters!• Presence of competitors is a sign of
their relevance
• Marketing is a key issue to be depeened
• Time & Space limiting factors for non-use: service should be expanded,not cut
• Financial barriers for access are often overcome by using other services
Conclusions
Muitissimo obrigado!
simone.sala@usi.ch
www.newmine.org NewMinE Lab – Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland