Reasons of non-use: a study on Mozambican telecentres

Sara Vannini, Isabella Rega, Simone Sala, David Salomao, Lorenzo Cantoni

NewMinE Lab – Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland

telecentres

community radios

Community Media Centers

telecentres

community radios

Community Media Centers

Quem?

1

2

Se o inquirido respondeu NÃO à todas as opções, pare o questionário!

Quem?

3

Se o inquirido respondeu SIM pelo menos à uma das opções, pare o questionário!

Telecenters vs Telemovel?

Eishhh! Nao pode se fazer tudo com o telemovel!

What are the reasons

behind the lack of use of CMCs’

telecentres, according to local

stakeholders in Mozambique?

How much do these reasons

weight in the non-use of CMCs’

telecentres of people who actively

use its community radio?

1. interviews

“Como tem computadores na

escola os alunos preferem ir na

escola porque na rádio tem que

pagar”

competitors - cost

“…tem internet, para alem da

TDM tem outros sítios também ai

onde tem internet funciona como

deve ser, e as pessoas preferem

ir a TDM porque tem

qualidade…”

competitors – better service

“The place is not well organized

because when I went there in

2008 I didn’t see any computer

[...] Even the guys that work

there, they are not organized.”

service – quality

“…O meu objectivo era de fazer

algumas pesquisas na internet

mais quando lá cheguei disseram

me que o sistema estava

avariado então pronto eu fiquei

assim já nada mais podia

fazer…”

service – not available

“…talves eles precisam mais de

informacao para lhes dizer que afina

de conta isto tem haver … também o

camponês pode fazer parte da rádio

aproveitando assim o departamento

dos livros para ir ler livros diferentes

para eles lerem e ter informados

service – not promoted

“…A distancia é maior… vem

aprender computador deve vir

todos os dias, ir voltar, ir voltar,

então é muito dinheiro por causa

da distancia...”

resource constraints - distance

“Por causa do tempo. Fico

ocupado das 7h30 até as 15h30

e nesse tempo já não da para ir

para lá”

resource constraints - time

“Eu gostaria de ir… lá só que não

tenho possibilidade..”

resource constraints - costs

“Ali não apanho nada mesmo.”

relevance - not profitable

“…Eu não vou… porque os

pacotes que lá são ministrados

eu já tenho os pacotes como

usuário…”

relevance - not challenging

“… Outros não vêm porque

pensam que custa, mas uma

pessoa com vontade não custa

nada.”

relevance – too difficult

“…O computador, eu não sei de

nada porque eu já sou uma

velha, sou estou acompanhar

que há computador, vejo miúdos

estudantes a mexer o

computado…”

relevance – not for them

2. survey

Age Group Frequency Percent

Under 20 32 9.8%

20-29 109 33.2%

30-39 88 26.8%

40-49 55 16.8%

Over 50 17 5.2%No answer 27 8.2%

Total 328 100.0% 

Quem?

Education Level Frequency Percent

No education 27 8.2%

1-5 class 55 16.8%

6-10 class 102 31.1%

11-12 class 104 31.7%

University 27 8.2%

No answer 5 1.5%

Other 4 1.2%

Does not know 4 1.2%

Total 328 100.00%

Quem?

No need of such servicesNot the services needed

Access to PC not grantedNo need of PC

No funOther

Mobile Internet userNot Portuguese speaker

Use services at homeUse services at work

Access to InternetNot literate

User of other competitorPrices

Place of CMCHours

Not able to use PCNo knowledge of services

No Time

0.2%

0.3%

0.8%

1.0%

1.0%

1.2%

1.7%

2.2%

2.2%

4.0%

4.0%

4.3%

7.0%

7.1%

9.6%

10.1%

11.0%

14.1%

18.3%

non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use

No need of such servicesNot the services needed

Access to PC not grantedNo need of PC

No funOther

Mobile Internet userNot Portuguese speaker

Use services at homeUse services at work

Access to InternetNot literate

User of other competitorPrices

Place of CMCHours

Not able to use PCNo knowledge of services

No Time

0.2%

0.3%

0.8%

1.0%

1.0%

1.2%

1.7%

2.2%

2.2%

4.0%

4.0%

4.3%

7.0%

7.1%

9.6%

10.1%

11.0%

14.1%

18.3%

non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use

Competitors

No knowledge of services

Service

Relevance

Resource Constraint

7.0%

14.1%

19.3%

27.9%

45.8%

non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use

Competitors

No knowledge of services

Service

Relevance

Resource Constraint

7.0%

14.1%

19.3%

27.9%

45.8%

non-users + radio users: motivations of non-use

non-users + radio users: access52.1% use(d) a computer43.3% access(ed) the Internet

they access(ed) the Internet…21.0% through a computer29.0% through a mobile phone

they access(ed) the Internet…21.0% through a computer29.0% through a mobile phone50.0% using both

they use(d) computers…

Work Friends/Relatives Home Public Place School

28.1%

21.5%

17.6% 17.6%

15.2%

they access(ed) the Internet…

Work Public Place Home Friends/Relatives School

28.8%27.7%

23.4%

13.6%

6.5%

proxy / infomediaries

34.1% asked to go on their behalf

proxy / infomediaries30.8% photocopies19.7% type documents17.9% educational issues

3. conclusions

non-users are not only the most disadvantaged

…more advanced services?

[confirming: Gómez 2011; Parkinson & Lauzon 2008; Pal 2007;

Sey et. al. 2013]

Conclusions

non-users are not only the most disadvantaged

…more advanced services?

communication & promotion are under-estimated

…strategies?

[confirming: Chigona & Licker 2008; Sey et. al. 2013]

Conclusions

non-users are not only the most disadvantaged

…more advanced services?

communication & promotion are under-estimated

…strategies?

role of infomediaries …confirmed![Gómez 2011; Sey et. al. 2013]

Conclusions

Worth investing in telecenters!• Presence of competitors is a sign of

their relevance

• Marketing is a key issue to be depeened

• Time & Space limiting factors for non-use: service should be expanded,not cut

• Financial barriers for access are often overcome by using other services

Conclusions

Muitissimo obrigado!

simone.sala@usi.ch

www.newmine.org NewMinE Lab – Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland