Post on 26-Dec-2015
Psy 201 Final Overview
Chapter 1 - 15
Explain and then draw “Visual Information Processing” from scene
to brain.
Scene
Retinal processing:Receptor rods andconesbipolar cells
ganglion cells
Feature detection:Brain’s detector cells
respond to elementaryfeatures-bars, edges, or
gradients of light
Abstraction:Brain’s higher-level cells
respond to combinedinformation from
feature-detector cells
Recognition:Brain matches the
constructed image withstored images
Explain and then draw the flow charts for the two theories of
gender-typing.
Two theories of gender-typing
Rewards and punishments
+Observation and
imitation ofmodels
Cultural learningof gender
Gender schema(looking at self and
world through a gender “lens”)
Social learning theory Gender schema theory
Gender-organizedthinking
+Gender-typed
behavior
Gender-typedbehavior
Explain and draw Maslow’s hierarchy of
needs.
Draw the flow chart and name the elements for “The Two
Routes to Emotion.”
Appraisal
Event
Emotionalresponse
Physiologicalactivation
Expressivebehavior
Subjectiveexperience
Example Question 1Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is
Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from:
A) an antisocial personality disorder.B) schizophrenia. C) a panic disorder. D) a dissociative identity disorder. E) a mood disorder.
Example Question 1Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is
Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the mental hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from:
A) an antisocial personality disorder.B) schizophrenia. C) a panic disorder. D) a dissociative identity disorder. E)a mood disorder.
Example Question 2
Our tendency to judge the likelihood of an event on the basis of how readily we can remember instances of its occurrence is called the:
A) framing effect. B) belief perseverance phenomenon.C) confirmation bias. D) representativeness heuristic.E) availability heuristic.
Example Question 2
Our tendency to judge the likelihood of an event on the basis of how readily we can remember instances of its occurrence is called the:
A) framing effect. B) belief perseverance phenomenon.C) confirmation bias. D) representativeness heuristic.E) availability heuristic.
Example Question 3
Rats easily learn to associate nausea-producing radiation treatments with:
A) loud sounds. B) bright lights. C) bitter tastes. D) high-pitched sounds. E) any of the above.
Example Question 3
Rats easily learn to associate nausea-producing radiation treatments with:
A) loud sounds. B) bright lights. C) bitter tastes. D) high-pitched sounds. E) any of the above.
Example Question 4Which of the following is the best description of
techniques involving behavior modification?A) Patients are helped to identify a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing experiences. B) Clients' illogical ways of thinking are
vigorously challenged. C) Patients are influenced by controlling the
consequences of their actions. D) What a client says during the course of
therapy is repeated or rephrased. E) Attention is focused on clients' positive and
negative feelings toward their therapists.
Example Question 4Which of the following is the best description of
techniques involving behavior modification?A) Patients are helped to identify a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing experiences. B) Clients' illogical ways of thinking are
vigorously challenged. C) Patients are influenced by controlling the
consequences of their actions. D) What a client says during the course of
therapy is repeated or rephrased. E) Attention is focused on clients' positive and
negative feelings toward their therapists.
Example Question 5
A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage:
A) altruism. B) nonconformity. C) ingroup bias. D) groupthink. E) superordinate goals.
Example Question 5
A culture that promotes individualism is most likely to encourage:
A) altruism. B) nonconformity. C) ingroup bias. D) groupthink. E) superordinate goals.
Example Question 6
Differences in learning and memory abilities are greatest among people during:
A) late adolescence. B) early adulthood. C) middle adulthood. D) later adulthood.
Example Question 6
Differences in learning and memory abilities are greatest among people during:
A) late adolescence. B) early adulthood. C) middle adulthood. D) later adulthood.
Example Question 7Prejudice is best defined as: A) the tendency to favor members of one's own
group. B) a fearful suspicion of people one has never
met. C) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and
its members. D) a perceived incompatibility of actions or
goals. E) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve
their fate.
Example Question 7Prejudice is best defined as: A) the tendency to favor members of one's own
group. B) a fearful suspicion of people one has never
met. C) an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and
its members. D) a perceived incompatibility of actions or
goals. E) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve
their fate.
Example Question 8
A synapse is a(n): A) chemical messenger that triggers
muscle contractions. B) automatic response to sensory input. C) junction between a sending neuron and
a receiving neuron. D) neural cable containing many axons.
Example Question 8
A synapse is a(n): A) chemical messenger that triggers
muscle contractions. B) automatic response to sensory input. C) junction between a sending neuron and
a receiving neuron. D) neural cable containing many axons.
Example Question 9
The central nervous system consists of:
A) sensory and motor neurons.B) somatic and autonomic
subsystems. C) the brain and the spinal cord.D) sympathetic and parasympathetic
branches.
Example Question 9
The central nervous system consists of:
A) sensory and motor neurons.B) somatic and autonomic
subsystems. C) the brain and the spinal cord.D) sympathetic and parasympathetic
branches.
Example Question 10
Perception is the process by which:A) stimulus energies are detected.B) stimulus energies are
transformed into neural activity. C) sensory input is selected,
organized, and interpreted.D) nerve cells respond to specific
features of a stimulus.
Example Question 10
Perception is the process by which:A) stimulus energies are detected.B) stimulus energies are
transformed into neural activity. C) sensory input is selected,
organized, and interpreted.D) nerve cells respond to specific
features of a stimulus.
Example Question 11
In Pavlov's experiments, the dog's salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was a(n):
A) conditioned response.B) unconditioned stimulus.C) unconditioned response.D) conditioned stimulus.
Example Question 11
In Pavlov's experiments, the dog's salivation triggered by the sound of the tone was a(n):
A) conditioned response.B) unconditioned stimulus.C) unconditioned response.D) conditioned stimulus.
Example Question 12
The process of encoding refers to:A) the persistence of learning over time. B) the recall of information previously
learned. C) getting information into memory.D) the motivated forgetting of painful
memories. E) a clear memory of an emotionally
significant event.
Example Question 12
The process of encoding refers to:A) the persistence of learning over time. B) the recall of information previously
learned. C) getting information into memory.D) the motivated forgetting of painful
memories. E) a clear memory of an emotionally
significant event.
Example Question 13
The bell-shaped pattern that represents the frequency of occurrence of intelligence test scores in the general population is called a:
A) standardization sample. B) reliability coefficient. C) factor analysis. D) normal curve. E) savant syndrome.
Example Question 13
The bell-shaped pattern that represents the frequency of occurrence of intelligence test scores in the general population is called a:
A) standardization sample. B) reliability coefficient. C) factor analysis. D) normal curve. E) savant syndrome.
Example Question 14
For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce:
A) homeostasis. B) a drive. C) an instinct. D) extrinsic motivation. E) metabolic rate.
Example Question 14
For a thirsty person, drinking water serves to reduce:
A) homeostasis. B) a drive. C) an instinct. D) extrinsic motivation. E) metabolic rate.
Example Question 15
In one survey, Americans were more optimistic that they themselves would go to heaven than would either Michael Jordan or Bill Clinton. This best illustrates:
A) an internal locus of control. B) the Barnum effect. C) an Electra complex. D) sublimation. E) self-serving bias.
Example Question 15
In one survey, Americans were more optimistic that they themselves would go to heaven than would either Michael Jordan or Bill Clinton. This best illustrates:
A) an internal locus of control. B) the Barnum effect. C) an Electra complex. D) sublimation. E) self-serving bias.
Example Question 16When 12-year-old Jamilah saw an old man lying
on the sidewalk in apparent discomfort, he prepared to offer help. But when he noticed several adults walk past the man, he concluded that the man did not need any help. His reaction most clearly illustrates one of the dynamics involved in:
A) the mere exposure effect. B) the fundamental attribution error. C) social loafing. D) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. E) the bystander effect.
Example Question 16When 12-year-old Jamilah saw an old man lying
on the sidewalk in apparent discomfort, he prepared to offer help. But when he noticed several adults walk past the man, he concluded that the man did not need any help. His reaction most clearly illustrates one of the dynamics involved in:
A) the mere exposure effect. B) the fundamental attribution error. C) social loafing. D) the foot-in-the-door phenomenon. E) the bystander effect.