Pronoun CasePronoun Case

Her smacked he.Her smacked he.

Her smacked he.Her smacked he.

Determining which form of a pronoun to use is a matter Determining which form of a pronoun to use is a matter of determining how the pronoun is functioning in the of determining how the pronoun is functioning in the sentence and then putting it in the proper form. Is it a sentence and then putting it in the proper form. Is it a subject? An object? Indicating possession?subject? An object? Indicating possession?

Subject: Who/what is doing the action?Subject: Who/what is doing the action?

Object: Who/what is being acted upon?Object: Who/what is being acted upon?

(this can be direct or indirect object or the object of a (this can be direct or indirect object or the object of a preposition)preposition)

Finding subjects and objectsFinding subjects and objects

Her smacked he.Her smacked he.

Subject:

The one doing the action.

Verb:

The action

Object:

The one being acted upon.

Next…Next…

Once you have determined whether a pronoun is Once you have determined whether a pronoun is functioning as a subject or an object, put it in the functioning as a subject or an object, put it in the proper form.proper form.

Her smacked he.Her smacked he.

Becomes…Becomes…

She smacked him.She smacked him.

Subject--

Nominative Form

Object--

Objective Form

Pronoun FormsPronoun Forms

Nominative or Subjective:Nominative or Subjective: Used when pronoun is a Used when pronoun is a subject.subject.

Objective:Objective: Used when pronoun is an object. Used when pronoun is an object.

Possessive:Possessive: Used when the pronoun is indicating Used when the pronoun is indicating possession.possession.

Reflexive:Reflexive: Used in place of the objective when subject Used in place of the objective when subject and object are identical.and object are identical.

ExamplesExamples

Nominative:Nominative:Al and Al and II are going to the circus. are going to the circus.

Objective:Objective:The bus will take Al and The bus will take Al and meme to the circus. to the circus.

Possessive:Possessive:MyMy friend Al is going to the circus. (before noun) friend Al is going to the circus. (before noun)That Eggo is That Eggo is minemine. (used alone). (used alone)

Reflexive:Reflexive:I brought I brought myselfmyself to the circus. to the circus.

Singular Pronoun FormsSingular Pronoun Forms

First Person:First Person: (n, o, p (n, o, pnn p paa, r), r)I, me, my mine, myselfI, me, my mine, myself

Second Person:Second Person:You, you, your yours, yourselfYou, you, your yours, yourself

Third Person:Third Person:He, him, his his, himselfHe, him, his his, himselfShe, her, her hers, herselfShe, her, her hers, herselfIt, it, its its, itselfIt, it, its its, itself

Plural Pronoun FormsPlural Pronoun Forms

First Person:First Person:We, us, our ours, ourselvesWe, us, our ours, ourselves

Second Person:Second Person:You, you, your yours, yourselvesYou, you, your yours, yourselves

Third Person:Third Person:They, them, their theirs, themselvesThey, them, their theirs, themselves

Special CasesSpecial Cases

Interrogative Pronoun: WHOInterrogative Pronoun: WHO

Nominative: Nominative: WhoWho is going to the circus? is going to the circus?

Objective: With Objective: With whomwhom are you going? are you going?

Possessive: Possessive: Whose Whose circus is better? (noun)circus is better? (noun)

Those pies are Those pies are whosewhose? (alone)? (alone)

Special CasesSpecial Cases

Use the possessive form of a pronoun before a Use the possessive form of a pronoun before a gerund.gerund.

GerundGerund: Verb ending in –ing that functions as a : Verb ending in –ing that functions as a nounnoun

HerHer jugglingjuggling is masterful. is masterful.

She didn’t mind She didn’t mind mymy askingasking about about herher trainingtraining..

Incomplete ConstructionsIncomplete Constructions

A pronoun following than or as in an incomplete A pronoun following than or as in an incomplete construction is the same case as it would be if the construction is the same case as it would be if the construction were completed.construction were completed.

Examples:Examples:Inc: Jeff is better at baking than (she, her).Inc: Jeff is better at baking than (she, her).Comp: Jeff is better at baking than (she, her) is.Comp: Jeff is better at baking than (she, her) is.

Inc: The odor upset me as much as (he, him).Inc: The odor upset me as much as (he, him).Comp: The odor upset me as much as it upset (he, him).Comp: The odor upset me as much as it upset (he, him).

PracticePractice

Using different pronouns for each, write three sentences Using different pronouns for each, write three sentences for each of the pronoun cases:for each of the pronoun cases:

Nominative Nominative

ObjectiveObjective

PossessivePossessive

ReflexiveReflexive

In your sentences be sure to demonstrate your In your sentences be sure to demonstrate your understanding of gerunds and who/whom.understanding of gerunds and who/whom.