Post on 13-May-2022
PRISMA MissionAn overview & preliminary data analysis
Claudia Giardino (CNR-IREA)
IOCCG-25 Virtual Committee Meeting, 13 May 2021
Mariano Bresciani, Alice Fabbretto, Nicola Ghirardi, Salvatore Mangano (CNR-IREA)
Federica Braga, Vittorio E. Brando, Simone Colella, Javier Concha, Federico Falcini, Gianluigi Liberti, Emanuele Organelli, Jaime Pitarch, Lia Santoleri, Gian Marco Scarpa (CNR-ISMAR)
National Research Council of Italy
Outline of the presentation
• Main characteristics of PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa)
• Overview on Level 1 and Level 2 products for aquatic systems (as part of the multiple applications of imaging spectroscopy technology)
• Retrieval of water quality parameters (lakes and coastal zones)• Summary slide
• 22-03-19: Vega begins its ascentfrom the Spaceportin French Guiana, carrying PRISMA
• 31-01-21: end of the commissioning phase
Orbit altitude reference 615 kmField of View (FOV) 2.77°Instantaneous FOV 48.34 mradSwath 30 km
Ground Sampling Distance
Hyperspectral camera: 30 mPanchromatic camera: 5 m
Spectral rangeVNIR: 400 – 1100 nm (66 bands)SWIR: 920 – 2500 nm (173 bands)PAN: 400 – 700 nm
Signal-to-noise ratioVNIR: > 160 (450 at 650 nm)SWIR: > 100 (> 360 at 1550 nm)PAN: > 240
Spectral Width ≤ 14 nmSpectral Calibration Accuracy ± 0.1 nm
Radiometric quantisation 12 bits
Repeat cycle 29 days (450 orbits)Relook time < 7 daysLifetime 5 years
0
200
400
600
0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
SNR
0
200
400
600
1.1 1.6 2.1 2.6
SNR
Image: Arianespace ©
Main characteristics
Sea water
Dark water
Floating algae
SoilsVegetation
Soils
Vegetation
Full VIS-NIR-SWIR range
Coverage
PRISMA Chesapeake Bay, 16 Nov. 2020
Strip mode (up to 300 km)
Over
view
afte
r 4 m
onth
s fro
m th
e la
unch
60 km
• Background acquisitioncapability: ASI managesperiodic acquisitions on target areas of interest by exploitinglong term planning functions
• Foreground acquisitioncapability: tasking from users
Acquisition plan
CNES-ASI (PICS rad)6% RadCalNet (PICS rad)
1%
LandNet CEOS Reference Sites (PICS rad)
1%HYPERNETS (cal/val)
2%PRISCAV (cal/val-products)
5%
Leonardo CALVAL Facility1%
Aeronet-ACIX (Atmo-products)1%
ICOS (land products)7%
EFDC (land)1%
ENVIRONET (land)1%LTER (land)
0%
TERN (land)3%
LPV NASA CEOS (land products)5%
FRM4VEG(CEOS) (land products)6%
AERONET-OC-FRM4SOC (water-products)
3%NEON (land/water products)6%
CryoNet (WMO) (Cryo Products)6%
ASTRO (land/water analog)4%
FunDIVEurope2%
CHIME interest7%
FLEX interest3%
Hyperspectral Colleagues sites20%
National Interest7%
CNES-ASI Agreement3%
Level 1 (Hyperspectral / PAN) - radiometrically corrected and calibrated radiance data in physical units.This product provides• Top-of-Atmosphere Spectral Radiance• Calibration and characterization data used• Masks: Cloud, Sun-glint & land-cover classification
L1PRISMA L1
From L2 to aquatic
products
Simulation of in situ data with 6SV+ S2
PRISMA L2D
Productsin-flight calibration systematically performed by means of the Internal Calibration Unit (ICU)
Level 0 (Hyperspectral / PAN) - formatted data product with appended metadata, including ancillary data and file formatting information
Level 2b Geolocated at Ground Spectral Radiance Product (Hyperspectral /PAN)
Level 2c Geolocated At-surface Reflectance Product (Hyperspectral / PAN).This product includes: Aerosol Characterization, Water Vapour, Cloud Characterization.
In situ data + Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3
Level 2d the geocoded version of the level 2c products (Hyperspectral / PAN)
Giardino et al., 2020 Sensors
In situ: red dots are AERONET-OC, blue is for PANTHYR (->Hypernets) and yellow is for the WISPStation (EOMORES, Water Insight )
L1 Products: TOA
The blue lines show SNR values from two L1 PRISMA
products from coastal to open waters (acquired on
27/03/2020 and on 02/07/2020, with SZAs of 35 and
26 degrees, respectively); green bars are values for
Sentinel-2 (Pahlevan et al., 2017)
Example of TOA radiances from an
homogenous open water dark target
for computing Signal-to-Noise ratio as
in Wettle et al., 2004
L1 Products: SNR
0
20
40
60
80
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
TOA
radi
ance
(mW
m-2
nm
sr-1
)
Wavelenght (nm)
L2 Products
L2 Products
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1
Rrs
[sr-1
]
Curonian Lagoon
PRS-20-Sep-2020GRND-20-Sep-2020S2S3
WISPStation
fixed position autonomous radiometer
Hand-held WISP-3 radiometer
R2 RMSE SAM N
L1 0.98 0.9-4.7 (mWm−2sr−1nm−1) 0.8-3.4 9
L2D 0.81 0.0012-0.0093 (sr-1) 11-26 21
Hyperion
NE D
R(0-
) E
PRISMA
Brando & Dekker, 2003
• The environmental noise-equivalent reflectance difference NEDR(0-)E computed from PRISMA scenes (e.g. Lucinda, ) is lower than 0.1% (apart the shortest bands) used as reference for water quality retrieval in Brando & Dekker (2003)
• The PRISMA NEDR(0-)E noise is definitely lower than Hyperion (also after the low pass filter which aimed to reduce the NEDR(0-)E from ~0.3 to ~0.1%)
L2 Products: SNR
Preliminary products: shallow waters
Bio-optical model inversion (BOMBER) (Giardino, Candiani, Bresciani, Lee, et al. 2012)
0.5 1 1.5 >3Depth [m]
0 25 50 75 100
Macrophyte coverage (%)
PRISMA Venice lagoon, 23 Mar. 2021
sea
river
near coast
whitish bloom (cocco?)
Coccolithophore? (Organelli et al., work in progress with QAA applied to PRISMA)
65
2
43
1
7
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
RRS
[sr-1
]
Wavelength [nm]
PRISMA L1+ATCOR
ROI1ROI2ROI3
ROI4ROI5
ROI6ROI7
Examples of PRISMA spectra in estuaries (Ebro, Spain; Rhone, France; Po, Italy) and of
the related chromaticity coordinates
x, y pairs from PRISMA after a spectral convolution based on the response filters of human eye
Preliminary products: estuaries
PRISMA Po river estuary, 24 Nov. 2020
PRISMA Ebro river estuary, 16 Jul. 2020
The plot shows ranges from turbid to deep clear waters and different bottom types
Shallow areas / Turbidity in rivers
Chl-a (mg/m3)
0.01 1
Shallow waters
Blue waters
ResuspensionPRISMA Lucinda, 25 Jul. 2019
Preliminary products: coastal zoneson-going: aLMI for water quality mapping
PRISMA Lake Hume, 22 Apr. 2020, L2D (7 sites)
Floating algae/scum
Phyc
ocya
nin
High sediments
High phytoplankton biomass
Preliminary products: lakes
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Rrs (
sr-1
)
[Red] [Green] [Blue] [Yellow][Cyan] [Magenta] [Maroon] Lake Hume in situ and
modelled data
PRISMA Lake Hume, 22 Apr. 2020, L1 (two sites)
on-going: aLMI for water quality mapping
Phycocyanine
concentrations of the
Curonian Lagoon
(Lithuania) and Lake
Trasimeno (Italy) from
Simis et al 2007 and
Mixture Density Networks
(MDN)
O’Shea, Pahlevan, et al., in
preparation
Non-finite or negative values are
shown in grey
The normalized difference water
index (NDWI) is used with a
threshold of 0.1 to identify the
water regions.
Preliminary products: phycocyainine
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000R
rs (-
)
wvl (nm)
PRISMA image
WISP-3 in situ
S2 simulated
S2-E simulated
0.008
0.01
0.012
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.02
0.022
550 570 590 610 630 650 670
Rrs
(sr-1
)
wvl (nm)
PRISMA imageWISP-3 in situS2 simulatedS2-E simulated
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.01
770 790 810 830 850
Rrs
(sr-1
)
wvl (nm)
PRISMA imageWISP-3 in situS2 simulatedS2-E simulated
2. CHIME-SBGAVIRIS, PRISMA match ups (May-June 2021)
Supporting studies
3. PRISMA Second Generation (PSG)PSG Is the operational follow-on of the in-orbit PRISMA mission, to be launched in 2025.
https://ares-observatory.ch/esa_chime_mission_2021/
End of May, 2021 Jun. 2021
Turbid productive waters (Trasimeno)
Shallow waters (Venice lagoon)
1. Sentinel-2-Next Generation (NG)PRISMA + in situ
• Satellite successfully launched• Open free data policy• The archive already counts thousands of images (capacity of 200 images
per day); tasking on pre-defined target is working fine• L1 and L2 are systematically produced on-demand
• L1 data are accurate shows consistent to data acquired by other missions• L2 data show variable degree of accuracy (on-going work: SNR, clear waters, adjacency effects,
water quality mapping)
• PRISMA overall shows promising data for water resources mapping and monitoring (in synergy with e.g., Sentinel-2, Landsat-8, Sentinel-3 OLCI)
• The mission is also supporting developments of future/synergic satellite missions (e.g. Sentinel-2-NG; CHIME, SBG, PRISMA-SG)
Conclusions
• The link for registration is:https://prismauserregistration.asi.it/
• After registration, the PRISMA documentation (e.g., PRISMA Product Specifications) is also available in the same portal for data search and download at:
https://prisma.asi.it
• The PRISMA web page can be found here:http://www.prisma-i.it/index.php/en/
Useful links
• The link for registration is:https://prismauserregistration.asi.it/
• After registration, the PRISMA documentation (e.g., PRISMA Product Specifications) is also available in the same portal for data search and download at:
https://prisma.asi.it
• The PRISMA web page can be found here:http://www.prisma-i.it/index.php/en/
Useful links
Thanks a lot for your attention!
PRISCAVCHIME: Mission Requirement Consolidation Study
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