PRISMA Mission An overview & preliminary data analysis
Transcript of PRISMA Mission An overview & preliminary data analysis
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PRISMA MissionAn overview & preliminary data analysis
Claudia Giardino (CNR-IREA)
IOCCG-25 Virtual Committee Meeting, 13 May 2021
Mariano Bresciani, Alice Fabbretto, Nicola Ghirardi, Salvatore Mangano (CNR-IREA)
Federica Braga, Vittorio E. Brando, Simone Colella, Javier Concha, Federico Falcini, Gianluigi Liberti, Emanuele Organelli, Jaime Pitarch, Lia Santoleri, Gian Marco Scarpa (CNR-ISMAR)
National Research Council of Italy
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Outline of the presentation
• Main characteristics of PRISMA (PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa)
• Overview on Level 1 and Level 2 products for aquatic systems (as part of the multiple applications of imaging spectroscopy technology)
• Retrieval of water quality parameters (lakes and coastal zones)• Summary slide
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• 22-03-19: Vega begins its ascentfrom the Spaceportin French Guiana, carrying PRISMA
• 31-01-21: end of the commissioning phase
Orbit altitude reference 615 kmField of View (FOV) 2.77°Instantaneous FOV 48.34 mradSwath 30 km
Ground Sampling Distance
Hyperspectral camera: 30 mPanchromatic camera: 5 m
Spectral rangeVNIR: 400 – 1100 nm (66 bands)SWIR: 920 – 2500 nm (173 bands)PAN: 400 – 700 nm
Signal-to-noise ratioVNIR: > 160 (450 at 650 nm)SWIR: > 100 (> 360 at 1550 nm)PAN: > 240
Spectral Width ≤ 14 nmSpectral Calibration Accuracy ± 0.1 nm
Radiometric quantisation 12 bits
Repeat cycle 29 days (450 orbits)Relook time < 7 daysLifetime 5 years
0
200
400
600
0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00
SNR
0
200
400
600
1.1 1.6 2.1 2.6
SNR
Image: Arianespace ©
Main characteristics
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Sea water
Dark water
Floating algae
SoilsVegetation
Soils
Vegetation
Full VIS-NIR-SWIR range
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Coverage
PRISMA Chesapeake Bay, 16 Nov. 2020
Strip mode (up to 300 km)
Over
view
afte
r 4 m
onth
s fro
m th
e la
unch
60 km
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• Background acquisitioncapability: ASI managesperiodic acquisitions on target areas of interest by exploitinglong term planning functions
• Foreground acquisitioncapability: tasking from users
Acquisition plan
CNES-ASI (PICS rad)6% RadCalNet (PICS rad)
1%
LandNet CEOS Reference Sites (PICS rad)
1%HYPERNETS (cal/val)
2%PRISCAV (cal/val-products)
5%
Leonardo CALVAL Facility1%
Aeronet-ACIX (Atmo-products)1%
ICOS (land products)7%
EFDC (land)1%
ENVIRONET (land)1%LTER (land)
0%
TERN (land)3%
LPV NASA CEOS (land products)5%
FRM4VEG(CEOS) (land products)6%
AERONET-OC-FRM4SOC (water-products)
3%NEON (land/water products)6%
CryoNet (WMO) (Cryo Products)6%
ASTRO (land/water analog)4%
FunDIVEurope2%
CHIME interest7%
FLEX interest3%
Hyperspectral Colleagues sites20%
National Interest7%
CNES-ASI Agreement3%
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Level 1 (Hyperspectral / PAN) - radiometrically corrected and calibrated radiance data in physical units.This product provides• Top-of-Atmosphere Spectral Radiance• Calibration and characterization data used• Masks: Cloud, Sun-glint & land-cover classification
L1PRISMA L1
From L2 to aquatic
products
Simulation of in situ data with 6SV+ S2
PRISMA L2D
Productsin-flight calibration systematically performed by means of the Internal Calibration Unit (ICU)
Level 0 (Hyperspectral / PAN) - formatted data product with appended metadata, including ancillary data and file formatting information
Level 2b Geolocated at Ground Spectral Radiance Product (Hyperspectral /PAN)
Level 2c Geolocated At-surface Reflectance Product (Hyperspectral / PAN).This product includes: Aerosol Characterization, Water Vapour, Cloud Characterization.
In situ data + Sentinel-2, Sentinel-3
Level 2d the geocoded version of the level 2c products (Hyperspectral / PAN)
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Giardino et al., 2020 Sensors
In situ: red dots are AERONET-OC, blue is for PANTHYR (->Hypernets) and yellow is for the WISPStation (EOMORES, Water Insight )
L1 Products: TOA
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The blue lines show SNR values from two L1 PRISMA
products from coastal to open waters (acquired on
27/03/2020 and on 02/07/2020, with SZAs of 35 and
26 degrees, respectively); green bars are values for
Sentinel-2 (Pahlevan et al., 2017)
Example of TOA radiances from an
homogenous open water dark target
for computing Signal-to-Noise ratio as
in Wettle et al., 2004
L1 Products: SNR
0
20
40
60
80
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
TOA
radi
ance
(mW
m-2
nm
sr-1
)
Wavelenght (nm)
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L2 Products
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L2 Products
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1
Rrs
[sr-1
]
Curonian Lagoon
PRS-20-Sep-2020GRND-20-Sep-2020S2S3
WISPStation
fixed position autonomous radiometer
Hand-held WISP-3 radiometer
R2 RMSE SAM N
L1 0.98 0.9-4.7 (mWm−2sr−1nm−1) 0.8-3.4 9
L2D 0.81 0.0012-0.0093 (sr-1) 11-26 21
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Hyperion
NE D
R(0-
) E
PRISMA
Brando & Dekker, 2003
• The environmental noise-equivalent reflectance difference NEDR(0-)E computed from PRISMA scenes (e.g. Lucinda, ) is lower than 0.1% (apart the shortest bands) used as reference for water quality retrieval in Brando & Dekker (2003)
• The PRISMA NEDR(0-)E noise is definitely lower than Hyperion (also after the low pass filter which aimed to reduce the NEDR(0-)E from ~0.3 to ~0.1%)
L2 Products: SNR
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Preliminary products: shallow waters
Bio-optical model inversion (BOMBER) (Giardino, Candiani, Bresciani, Lee, et al. 2012)
0.5 1 1.5 >3Depth [m]
0 25 50 75 100
Macrophyte coverage (%)
PRISMA Venice lagoon, 23 Mar. 2021
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sea
river
near coast
whitish bloom (cocco?)
Coccolithophore? (Organelli et al., work in progress with QAA applied to PRISMA)
65
2
43
1
7
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800
RRS
[sr-1
]
Wavelength [nm]
PRISMA L1+ATCOR
ROI1ROI2ROI3
ROI4ROI5
ROI6ROI7
Examples of PRISMA spectra in estuaries (Ebro, Spain; Rhone, France; Po, Italy) and of
the related chromaticity coordinates
x, y pairs from PRISMA after a spectral convolution based on the response filters of human eye
Preliminary products: estuaries
PRISMA Po river estuary, 24 Nov. 2020
PRISMA Ebro river estuary, 16 Jul. 2020
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The plot shows ranges from turbid to deep clear waters and different bottom types
Shallow areas / Turbidity in rivers
Chl-a (mg/m3)
0.01 1
Shallow waters
Blue waters
ResuspensionPRISMA Lucinda, 25 Jul. 2019
Preliminary products: coastal zoneson-going: aLMI for water quality mapping
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PRISMA Lake Hume, 22 Apr. 2020, L2D (7 sites)
Floating algae/scum
Phyc
ocya
nin
High sediments
High phytoplankton biomass
Preliminary products: lakes
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
Rrs (
sr-1
)
[Red] [Green] [Blue] [Yellow][Cyan] [Magenta] [Maroon] Lake Hume in situ and
modelled data
PRISMA Lake Hume, 22 Apr. 2020, L1 (two sites)
on-going: aLMI for water quality mapping
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Phycocyanine
concentrations of the
Curonian Lagoon
(Lithuania) and Lake
Trasimeno (Italy) from
Simis et al 2007 and
Mixture Density Networks
(MDN)
O’Shea, Pahlevan, et al., in
preparation
Non-finite or negative values are
shown in grey
The normalized difference water
index (NDWI) is used with a
threshold of 0.1 to identify the
water regions.
Preliminary products: phycocyainine
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0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
400 500 600 700 800 900 1000R
rs (-
)
wvl (nm)
PRISMA image
WISP-3 in situ
S2 simulated
S2-E simulated
0.008
0.01
0.012
0.014
0.016
0.018
0.02
0.022
550 570 590 610 630 650 670
Rrs
(sr-1
)
wvl (nm)
PRISMA imageWISP-3 in situS2 simulatedS2-E simulated
0.002
0.003
0.004
0.005
0.006
0.007
0.008
0.009
0.01
770 790 810 830 850
Rrs
(sr-1
)
wvl (nm)
PRISMA imageWISP-3 in situS2 simulatedS2-E simulated
2. CHIME-SBGAVIRIS, PRISMA match ups (May-June 2021)
Supporting studies
3. PRISMA Second Generation (PSG)PSG Is the operational follow-on of the in-orbit PRISMA mission, to be launched in 2025.
https://ares-observatory.ch/esa_chime_mission_2021/
End of May, 2021 Jun. 2021
Turbid productive waters (Trasimeno)
Shallow waters (Venice lagoon)
1. Sentinel-2-Next Generation (NG)PRISMA + in situ
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• Satellite successfully launched• Open free data policy• The archive already counts thousands of images (capacity of 200 images
per day); tasking on pre-defined target is working fine• L1 and L2 are systematically produced on-demand
• L1 data are accurate shows consistent to data acquired by other missions• L2 data show variable degree of accuracy (on-going work: SNR, clear waters, adjacency effects,
water quality mapping)
• PRISMA overall shows promising data for water resources mapping and monitoring (in synergy with e.g., Sentinel-2, Landsat-8, Sentinel-3 OLCI)
• The mission is also supporting developments of future/synergic satellite missions (e.g. Sentinel-2-NG; CHIME, SBG, PRISMA-SG)
Conclusions
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• The link for registration is:https://prismauserregistration.asi.it/
• After registration, the PRISMA documentation (e.g., PRISMA Product Specifications) is also available in the same portal for data search and download at:
https://prisma.asi.it
• The PRISMA web page can be found here:http://www.prisma-i.it/index.php/en/
Useful links
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• The link for registration is:https://prismauserregistration.asi.it/
• After registration, the PRISMA documentation (e.g., PRISMA Product Specifications) is also available in the same portal for data search and download at:
https://prisma.asi.it
• The PRISMA web page can be found here:http://www.prisma-i.it/index.php/en/
Useful links
Thanks a lot for your attention!
PRISCAVCHIME: Mission Requirement Consolidation Study
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