Practicing and Deepening Knowledge

Marzano Design Question 3

Design Question #3

• What will I do to help students practice and deepen their understanding of new knowledge?

Learning Goals and FeedbackRules and Procedures

INVOLVES ROUTINES

ENACTED ON THE SPOT

Student Engagement

High Expectations

Te

ache

r/St

uden

t Rel

ation

ship

s Adherence to Rules and Procedures

Generating/ Testing

Hypotheses

Practicing and

Deepening

Interacting With New Knowledge

The Art and Science of Teaching

ADDRESSES CONTENT IN SPECIFIC WAYS

If the segment involves knowledge practice and

deepening activities, what do you expect to see?

Practice

• Practice doesn’t make perfect – it makes permanent

• 12 of anything is enough for one episode• Two types

– Mass Practice: many practices right at the point of learning

– Distributed Practice: sprinkle some practices in on a regular basis

Practicing and Deepening

• Reviewing Content• Organizing Students into Groups to Practice• Examining Similarities and Differences

Transfer

• Apply learning to new situations not only in school, but also beyond it.

• The point of school is to learn in school how to make sense of learnings in order to lead better lives out of school.

• Learn now to apply lessons to later challenges.

According To Recent Studies What is the balance of teacher talk to student

talk during a typical class period? Studies show that teachers talk in a regular

classroom between 80% and 90% of the time. What effect does this have?

What is the effect?Assuming a 50 minute class periodTeacher talk = 40 minutes Student interaction with content/language = 10 minutes total for the class.30 students in class= 20 seconds (or less) per student

Lecture

Reading Audio-visualDemonstration

Discussion Groups

Practice by doingTeach others/immediate use of learning

Average Retention Rate after 24 hours

5%10%

20%

30%

50%

75%90%

Adapted from David Sousa’s figure 3.8in his text, How the Brain Learns

Boosting Retention

Reviewing Content

• What do you do to review content?– Think-pair-share– Elbow partners– Writing prompts– Questioning– others

Challenge

• Be ready to discuss – an effective strategy you already use– a strategy you might consider from another source

such as the Craft Knowledge wiki

Organizing Groups to Practice

• Cooperative Learning• Small groups; pairs, triads.

Cooperative Learning

• Easy as PIES (Kagan)– Positive interdependence– Individual accountability– Equal participation– Simultaneous interaction

PIES

• Positive Interdependence– “I need you, you need me”

• Individual Accountability– Students are responsible for their learning

• Equal Participation– Students take turns or take on roles

• Simultaneous Interaction– Students are continually on task

Cooperative Learning• What are some cooperative learning strategies

you use?• Remember how cooperative learning is most

effective:– I need you and you need me– Individual accountability– Equal participation– Increased time on task with students

Spencer Kagan

Challenge

• Be ready to discuss – an effective strategy you already use– a strategy you might consider from another source

such as the Craft Knowledge wiki

Learning is dependent on prior learning; therefore it is basic to ask, “How is this different from what I

already know?”

Identifying Similarities and Differences

Effective tools include – Venn diagrams– Comparison matrix– Classifying activities– Concept maps– Graphic organizers– T charts– Pro and con grids– Metaphors and analogies

Identifying Similarities and Differences

Various Venn Diagrams

Double-Bubble Diagrams

Pro-Con Grid

Concept Map Example

Classification Chart

T-Charts

Item 1 Item 2 Item 3

Characteristic 1

Similarities and Differences

Characteristic 2

Similarities and Differences

Characteristic 3

Similarities and Differences

Characteristic 4

Similarities and Differences

Solving Analogy ProblemsOne or two terms are missing. Please think about statements below. Turn to your elbow partner and provide terms that will complete the following analogies.

Bone is to skeleton as word is to ______.

Rhythm is to music as _____ is to _____.

What is the relationship?_________________

Challenge

• Be ready to discuss – an effective strategy you already use– a strategy you might consider from another source

such as the Craft Knowledge wiki

Resources

• Milford Instruction Wiki– MPSinstruction.wikspaces.com

• Craft Knowledge Wiki– esu6craftknowledge.wikispaces.com