Post on 11-May-2015
Physical GeographyClass 16: Worldwide Temperature Patterns
Angle of Incidence
Latitude Season Time of day
Angle varies by:
What is the effect of cloud cover on temperature?
1 2 3 4
0% 0%0%0%
1. Increases temp2. Decreases temp3. Increases temps
in day, but decreases them at night
4. Increases temps at night, but decreases them during day
What is the effect of solid particles on temperature?
What is the effect of particulates?
1 2
0%0%
1. Increases temperature
2. Decreases temperature
Atmospheric Obstruction (effect of clouds, gases, particulates)
Daylength
Latitudinal Radiation Balance
Then where does the “extra” heat from the tropics go?
If the net radiation balance on Earth = 0,….
Where does the heat from the Tropics go?
1 2 3 4 5
20% 20% 20%20%20%1. Into the earth2. Escapes into
space3. Hotter air rises in
troposphere4. Moves toward
poles5. All of above
Land and Water Contrasts
Which heats up quicker?
1 2
0%0%
1. Land 2. Water
Which cools down quicker?
1 2
0%0%
1. Land2. Water
Land heats quicker and cools quicker than
Water!!!!
Specific Heat
Which location will have a higher summer temperature?
1 2
0%0%
1. Wichita, Kansas2. San Francisco,
CA (same latitude)
Which location will be colder in winter?
1 2
0%0%
1. Wichita, Kansas2. San Francisco,
CA
Continentality vs. Marine Effect
Water has a moderating effect on temperature!
Inland vs. Coastal
Evaporation
Transparency
MovementAnd
Mixing
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
Oceanic Circulation
Currents/ Sea Surface Temperatures
Warm Ocean Current
Gyres
Vertical Temperature Patterns
In the next slides, look at the color-coded isotherms (lines of equal temperature).
What patterns do you notice in the isotherms?
How do they change from January to July?
Seasonal Temperature Patterns
Seasonal Temperature Patterns
Generally, Isotherms run east to west Pulled northward in July, southward in January
Seasonal Changes to Isotherms
Generally, Isotherms run east to west Pulled northward in July, southward in January Areas covered by glaciers (Antarctica, Greenland) are cold all year round
Seasonal Changes to Isotherms
Generally, Isotherms run east to west Pulled northward in July, southward in January Areas covered by glaciers (Antarctica, Greenland)
are cold all year round In southern hemisphere, land other than Antarctica stays warmer in winter than land in northern hemisphere. Why?
Seasonal Changes to Isotherms
Generally, Isotherms run east to west Pulled northward in July, southward in January Areas covered by glaciers (Antarctica, Greenland) are cold all year
round In southern hemisphere, land other than Antarctica stays warmer
in winter than land in northern hemisphere. Why?
Hottest areas in summer are interiors of continents
Coldest areas in winter are interiors of continents
Seasonal Changes to Isotherms
Generally, Isotherms run east to west Pulled northward in July, southward in January Areas covered by glaciers (Antarctica, Greenland) are cold all year
round In southern hemisphere, land other than Antarctica stays warmer
in winter than land in northern hemisphere. Why? Hottest areas in summer are interiors of continents Coldest areas in winter are interiors of continents
Locations near the water (especially on windward side of continents) tend to be warmer in winter and cooler in summer
Seasonal Changes to Isotherms