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Passive House

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Passive House for Multi-Family and Commercial Buildings

PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES

Introduction to Passive House

Outline the Design Strategies for Passive House

Commercial and Multi-residential Case Studies

Resources to dig deeper

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IntroductionMike Kapp, Architect

LEED AP BD+C• Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design Accredited

Professional Specialty in Building Design & Construction

CSBA• Certified Sustainable Building Advisor

CPHC• Certified Passive House Consultant

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Mission: To improve the way people make and use energy every day.

Jamie Hager HERS Rater

NAHB Certified Green Professional LEED and NGBS Green Verifier

Passive House Rater

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Climate Change

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Recent Past, 1961 - 1979 Lower Emissions Scenario, 2080-2099 Higher Emissions Scenario, 2080-2099

The number of days in which the temperature exceeds 100˚F by late this century

temperature map images: U.S. Global Change Research Program

OUR CLIMATE IS

CHANGING

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Wrightsville Beach, NC

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Wrightsville Beach-2m Sea Level Rise

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BUILDINGS PLAY A BIG PARTBUILDINGS ACCOUNT FOR ALMOST HALF THE CO2 EMMISSIONS

energy use and CO2 emissions per capita and by sector

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HOW BIG?Reference: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Dept. of Energy

U.S. BUILDINGS ACCOUNT FOR MORE EMISSIONS WORLDWIDE THAN JAPAN, FRANCE & UK COMBINED

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The Problem

We design to Minimum Standards

Design – Bid – Build delivery method

We don’t use Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)

Monitoring – If you can’t measure it, you can’t manage it

Separation of funding (Building vs Operation)

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MUCH WONDERFUL “ORGANIC” DESIGNIS STILL EXCEEDINGLY

WASTEFUL

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Passive House

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Passive House

Heating/Cooling Energy Savings 75% or more

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Passive House

ROCKET SCIENCE

BUILDING SCIENCE!!

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Defined by a set of principlesPASSIVE HOUSE

A SET OF

DESIGN PRINCIPLES :

•Continuous insulation, no thermal bridges

•Air-tight construction

•Optimized window performance & solar gain

•Balanced heat recovery ventilation

•Minimized mechanical system

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Passive House

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Passive House

source: www.freshome.com

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Passive House

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Passive House

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Passive House

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Passive House

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Passive House

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Passive House

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Passive House

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MINIMIZE LOSS/GAIN:

ELIMINATING THERMAL BRIDGES IN LOW LOAD

CONSTRUCTION CAN CUT OVERALL BUILDING HEAT

LOSS IN HALF

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Passive House

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Passive House

source: www.schock-us.com

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Passive House

source: www.schock-us.com

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DEFINING THE AIR-TIGHTNESS LAYER: DESIGNING WALL/ROOF/SLAB DETAILS WITH AIR-TIGHTNESS CONSIDERED

MOISTURE PERFORMANCE:AIR-TIGHTNESS

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MINIMIZE LEAKAGE:ENVELOPE PENETRATIONS

Minimize penetrations OR combine: example - all plumbing fixtures to one vent or the use of AAV’s

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Passive House

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Smith House Urbana Illinois,

PASSIVE BUILDINGSCASE STUDIES

© 2015 PHIUS 37

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Passive House

source: www.structuresdb.com

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Passive House

source: www.structuresdb.com

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Passive House

source: www.structuresdb.com

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Passive House

source: www.structuresdb.com

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Passive House

source: www.structuresdb.com

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Ben Gates PHNW 2011 conference presentation: www.phnw.org/conference-presentations

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Phased Retrofit Plan of Action Developed• Phase 1 (implemented in 2012)

– Replaced single-pane aluminum windows were replaced with high-performance triple-pane, fiberglass

• Reduced Energy Usage by 30%• www.greenhammer.com/insight/cas

e-studies/mark-o-hatfield-building-case-study/

“With keen attention to detail and good communication, they helped us create a plan for phased energy efficiency improvements that worked with our financial constraints and continuous occupancy. “ –Building Owner, Central City Concern

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Happy Meadows Courtyard House

Newphire Building www.newphirebuilding.com

• 2567 heated sq ft• Final HERS -1• Geothermal Heating

and Cooling• Heat Pump Water

Heater• Super Insulated Shell• Tight Envelope• Crazy good Windows• LED Lighting• Energy Star Appliances

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Precast Wall System• Continuous insulation R

26.5• Reduced thermal bridging

with slab connection• R 19 under slab

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Tight Envelope

• R 26.5 perimeter slab• R 45 walls • R 111 ceiling• Window U value .14• 0.55 ACH 50

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Smart Systems, Integrated Design

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--5.4 kW Solar System--Regenerative Landscaping--Watersense toilets, faucets and showerheads--Zero VOC finishes--Net Zero Occupants

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Lessons Learned

• Air leaks in silly places• Get everyone on board early• Keep subs informed

throughout process• It’s not just about Energy

– Hot Water Delivery – Indoor Air Quality– Net Zero Occupant

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Visit this home in May!

1st Weekend May 2-3, 2nd Weekend May 9-10 30 Homes on Tour Homes open 12-5pm

http://hbadoc.com/index.php/events/green-home-tour

Newphire Building www.newphirebuilding.com

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Orenco Station, Portland, OR

PASSIVE BUILDINGS

Orenco Station, Portland, OR

© 2015 PHIUS

The Orchards at Orenco: The largest pre-certified passive building in the United States. This 57-unit affordable housing complex is in Hillsboro, Ore., and is currently under construction. CPHC:Dylan Lamar.

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The Orchards, Portland OR

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Passive House

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Passive House School

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Bushbury Hill Primary School, UKNo Additional Cost to achieve Passivhaus

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University of Chicago

source: www.gologic.us

Warren Woods Ecological Field StationFirst Passive House Certified Lab in North America

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Interserve Office Building, UK• $41,000 Savings per year in Energy Cost• 13% Reduction in Sick Leave among Staff

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McKeesport YMCA Renovation

source: www.thoughtfulbalance.com

source: www.honestbuildings.com

Sol-Lux Alpha

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Stellar Apartments, Eugene, OR

PASSIVE BUILDINGS

Kiln Apartments,Portland, Oregon

© 2015 PHIUS 68

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Knickerbocker Project, Brooklyn, NY

PASSIVE BUILDINGS

Uptown Lofts, Pittsburgh, PA

© 2015 PHIUS

http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/29/realestate/the-passive-house-in-new-york-city.html

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Kansas City

PASSIVE BUILDINGS

Washington DC Habitat

© 2015 PHIUS 70

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Resources

Passive House Alliance(NC Chapter coming soon!)

www.phius.org/alliance/home

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Resources• The Klingenblog Passive House US Blog post from

June 30, 2014 featuring multifamily projects http://passivehouse.us/blog/?p=971

• Passive House Northwest Chapter: www.phnw.org/conference-presentations

• Hammer & Hand – leading building and consulting firm for passive house commercial, multi and single family residential; Great videos too! http://hammerandhand.com

• Green Hammer – multifamily “Passivhausing” projects case studies www.greenhammer.com/insight/case-studies

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Thank youJamie Hager

Green Building SpecialistSouthern Energy ManagementJamie@southern-energy.com

Mike KappNCSU Capital Project Management

Mike_Kapp@ncsu.edu