PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES

ETS Arquitectura del Vallès, Universitat Politèchnica Catalunya, Spain

ONART Membrane Structures, Turkey

Parametric Surface Approach to Textile Façade Cladding

Prof. Ramon SastreEng. Müfit Eribol, MSc, MBA, Archineer h.c.Arch. Rana Dirin, Archineer h.c.

» The Goal

Develop systems to improve energy savings

• Most of external light as needed• Most of heat during winter• Blocking excessive radiation during

summer

» Current Approach

Glass façade cladding Textile façade cladding Canopies Shutters, eaves Roller blind Sun breakers Reflective coatings Heat isolation systems

» Problems with Glass Façades

• Locality ignored• Changing climatic conditions in proximity of

building ignored• Glare due to extreme light levels• Unpleasant feeling due to radiation

Textile Façade Cladding as the Most Popular Solution

Light barrier Radiation barrier Wind barrier Heat isolation

But it is monotonous and has constant cavity.

» Problem with Existing Façades

The glass façade cladding is static The textile façade cladding is also static

However,

Conditions around the building are not static. Sun light Wind View preferences

» Problems in Ventilation

The cavity is thought to provide better thermal behaviour. This holds true if cavity dimensions are sufficient.

Often, it is not enough. Rain protections at top make it worse.

Side openings are only useful for tangential winds.

» Problems in Light and Views

In many countries west façades receive the sun radiation perpendicularly. Eaves and brise-soleils are not effective.

Continuous solar screens prevents clear view. Poor natural light level

What can be the solution?

» Proposed Approach

Parametric Surfaces

Aesthetical freedom The cavity between the façade and the screen can

be changed for different forms of ventilation

» Strengths and Advantages

By changing the surface,

• Use the position of the Sun wisely• Use the wind efficiently• Use scene of the surrounding as wish• Change the outlook of the building

» Continuum

E.T.S. Architectura del Vallès participatedin European Lifelong Learning Program

First workshop in September 2008 in Lyon. Focus: Changing the façade geometry

Second workshop May 2009 in Barcelona: Focus: Parametric geometry

» Steps taken

Developed a new software to give volume Different surfaces through parameters Regular rectangular patterns on the façades Floors delimit the vertical space Vertical struts delimit horizontal space

» Software at First Workshop

» The Model

» Second Workshop

•Focus was on parametric geometry for façades•Rhinoceros & Grasshopper software•Grid of rectangles called quads•Created a complex surface

» Model of Façade

» With and Without Screen Protection

» Node Disaggregation 1

» Benefits in Ventilation

Triangle openings improve ventilation in a significant way.

It is easy to find opening area for in and out air movements

Not for just convection air movements but also for perpendicular or tangential winds.

» Benefits in Light and Views

Based on the orientation of the building, level of light entrance can be controlled.

External views are also controllable. Impact on the architectural aspect.

» Construction

Parametric surface goes well with CNC production.

• Nodes of the grid are connected to façade• Pegs are perpendicular to façade• Pegs provide anchorages• Patterning like hypars• Borders can be bolt ropes or tubes

» Possible Applications

» Next Research Topics

Fluids behaviour in a multi-open cavity. Temperature behaviour in this space. Influence of membrane: Material, color, porosity, etc. Automation of structural analysis of each element. Setup processes.

Thank You!

Prof. Ramon Sastre

Eng. Müfit Eribol, MSc, MBA, Archineer h.c.

Arch. Rana Dirin, Archineer h.c.

PARAMETRIC SURFACE APPROACH TO TEXTILE FAÇADES

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