Post on 18-Dec-2015
ORHow do we identify organisms
based on who they are related to, what they are made of, or what
they do?
TAXONOMY
Taxonomy
The science of classification Taxonomy is a system of grouping
organisms based on phylogeny (evolutionary relationships), biochemistry and morphology (structure)
Why classify?– Huge amount of diversity among living
things– Helps to make sense of it all
Goals of Classification Goal # 1: Give each type of
organism a unique name understood by all
Binomial nomenclature – 2-name naming system:– Developed by Carrolus Linneaus based
on visible characteristics– Genus & species– Ex. Panulirus interruptus, a.k.a. Pacific
spiny lobster, rock lobster or crayfish
Goal # 2 – Group organisms according to how closely related they are
“Related” means they share a common evolutionary history (phylogeny)
Allows scientists to develop better understanding about organisms & make comparisons & predictions
Taxonomy
How do we classify?– Look for common characteristics
Phylogeny (evolutionary relationships) Biochemistry Morphology (structure)
– Ability to reproduce – biological species
Taxonomic Levels (8 Taxa)
Domain - 3
Kingdom - 6
Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
Example:Domain: EukaryotaKingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ChordataClass: MammaliaOrder: CetaceaFamily: DelphinidaeGenus: TursiopsSpecies: T. truncatus
8 Taxa
Domain -
Kingdom -
Phylum - Class - Order - Family - Genus - Species -
Dear KingPhilip CameOverForGoodSoup
Major Marine Phyla from Kingdom Animalia:
(1) Porifera(2) Cnidaria(3) Annelida(4) Mollusca(5) Arthropoda(6) Echinodermata(7) Chordata