October 8, 2012Warm-up refresher storyPPT: From Trustee GA to Royal GAWrap up: Show me what you know

RemindersGuided reading HW due Friday

October 12

From Trustee Georgia to Royal Georgia

Georgia Studies Notes

Georgia’s BeginningsGeorgia began as a Trustee Colony

with its original charter in 1732.The Trustee Period lasted from 1733

to 1752.Plans forCity of

Savannah

Trustee LeadersJames Oglethorpe21 trusteesKing (George II) is ultimate authority

James Oglethorpe

GovernanceKing had ultimate authorityTrustees made regulations which had

to be obeyed by colonists

King George II

Georgia’s Colonial BoundariesAll lands between the Altamaha and

Savannah Rivers west to the Pacific Ocean

Boundaries in original charter

Land Ownership/DistributionOriginal colonists were given 50

acres of landColonists who could afford to pay

their way to Georgia were given 500 acres

Mulberry Tree

SlaverySlavery was not allowed by the

Charter of 1732

Charter of 1732

ReligionThe original settlers were all

ProtestantsWithin a short period of time, Georgia

also had Jewish settlers

Christ Church in SavannahJohn Wesley

The ColonistsAside from original settlers who came

on the Ann, many new settlers arrived during the Trustee Period:

SalzburgersMoraviansHighland ScotsMalcontents

SalzburgersOriginated in Salzburg, GermanyCame to Georgia because they were

expelled from Catholic Germany for being Protestant

Settled in EbenezerRelocated to New Ebenezer because

of issue with the original landOpposed to slavery

New Ebenezer

Highland ScotsCame to Georgia from ScotlandSettled in Darien, GeorgiaRebuilt Fort King GeorgeOpposed to slavery

Fort King George

MalcontentsMainly composed of Scottish settlers

near SavannahArrived in Georgia by paying their

own way, so they did not feel the same loyalty to James Oglethorpe

Objected to three trustee rules:Limits on land ownershipLaw against slaveryLaw against rum

Felt these laws limited their ability earn money Cover of official protest

The Spanish Threat from Florida

In 1739, war broke out between England and Spain

This gave Oglethorpe a good reason to invade Florida which was controlled by Spain

2000 men (mainly Native Americans and settlers from GA & SC) fought to take over Spanish forts in Florida

War of Jenkin’s Ear

Spanish Threat continuedNot much progress was made until

July 1742 in the Battle of Bloody Marsh

In this battle Highland Scots assisted Oglethorpe’s forces. This surprise attack caught the Spanish forces off guard and was the beginning of a safe southern frontier for the British.

Battle of Bloody Marsh

Spanish Threat continuedThe Spanish eventually left the area

for good after a note was sent to a British deserter warning of an impending attack by arriving ships. The arriving ships were actually trading ships, but the Spanish thought they would be outnumbered and gave up.

Royal GeorgiaGeorgia’s Royal Period lasted from

1752 - 1776

BoundariesAfter the French & Indian War, the

southern boundary was set to the St. Mary’s River & the western boundary was set at the Mississippi River

GovernmentKing appointed governor & council

Under King’s direct controlRoyal Governor appointed Parish is a church and government

district- kind of like today’s counties

Royal Government continuedDetermined right to vote

To vote, white, male settlers had to own 50 acres

Determined right to hold officeTo be in office, white, male settlers had

to own 500 acres

Parishes

Royal Government LeadersJohn Reynolds – first royal governor

(ineffective)Henry Ellis – second royal governor

(established foundation for government)

James Wright – third royal governor (efficient and popular)

James Wright

EQ: What impact did the Royal Governors have

on the colony of Georgia? John Reynolds Henry Ellis James Wright

• 1st Royal Governor of Georgia

• Brought self-government• Set up court systems• Colony was poor • Unpopular and ineffective• Poor relations with Indians• Removed from office

• 2nd Royal Governor• Restored the colony• Reformed the

government• Divided GA into parishes

(sort of like counties)• Helped the Creek Indians • Well liked and respected• Could not stand the heat

so he left Savannah

• 3rd (last) Royal Governor

• Very popular • Increased the size of

GA• Economy improved• Population increased

ReligionAnglican Church (Church of England)

became the official church of Georgia

LAND OWNERSHIPLimits on land ownership removed- HEADRIGHT SYSTEM- land given

away to the HEAD of the family- 100 acres, plus 50 acres for each family member, servant or slave

Land could be inherited by females and males

SlaveryAllowed after 1750 because the

colonists were frustrated by the success of their neighbors to the north who were becoming prosperous under slavery

Slave ship