Post on 16-Jan-2016
OBJECTIVE ITEM TYPES
Traditional Assessments
Objective Items
Many classroom tests as well as standardized tests are objectively based (Mertler, 2003) Meaning that there is a single correct answer for
each question appearing on the test No teacher-related subjectivity judgments
involved in scoring objective test items. Answers are determined prior to the time the test
is administered (Chase, 1999)
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Objective Items
Vary in format, but typically present a question or problem along with several options Selected Response format Multiple Choice, Binary Choice (Alternative
Choice), Matching, **Limited Completion (Fill-in-the-Blank)**
Most typically, written at the knowledge, understanding and analyze level Application is possible and found often Evaluating and Creating are typically measured with
subjective items.
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**Limited Completion are Selected Response ONLY if used with a word bank
Overall Guidelines
Reading level and vocabulary as simple as possible.
Item stated in an unambiguous manner. No confusing sentence structure or wording
Clues to correct answer not providedItems do not consist of verbatim statements or
phases lifted from the text Unless used for a passage identification item
Adequate space for students to respondOnly one correct answerNo Grammatical or Spelling Errors
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Multiple Choice Items
Most popularly used item type (Chase, 1999)Items consist of
A stem -containing a statement or question that sets up
the item A set of options
– containing one correct answer and 2-4 distractors or incorrect responses
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Multiple Choice Items
A term synonymous with “measurement” is
A. assessment.B. quanitative assessmentC. qualitative assessment.D. norm- referenced test.
Bold text = StemUnderlined text = Option & Correct AnswerItalics text = Option & Distractors
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Multiple Choice Items
Example:Kim has a 5-dollar bill and wants to buy as many 41-cent
stamps as she can. How many stamps will she be able to buy and what change will she get? Circle the correct answer to the questions below.
1. To solve this problem, what would be the best operation to use?A. addition C. multiplication
B. subtraction D. division
2. How many stamps will Kim be able to purchase and what will be her change?
A. 12 stamps; $0.08 C. 11 stamps; $0.09
B. 10 stamps; $0.07 D. 13 stamps; $0.08
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Multiple Choice Items
Example Passage Related – After teacher reads the passage aloud, students respond to the items:
2) Which statement explains why the Sun appears to rise and set each day?
A) Earth rotates.B) The Sun rotates.C) The Sun revolves around Earth.D) Earth revolves around the Sun.
Example Oral Statement – Teacher says statements in “ ”. Students see only choices, not the stem
“ Which is the number ‘six hundred thirty -four’?”
1. A. 634 C. 743
B. 643 D. 734
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Multiple Choice Items
Example:
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Teacher Directed Multiple Choice Examples for Non-Readers/Writers/Special Needs
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Teacher Directed Indiv/Small Group Administration
Multiple ChoiceDirections: Point to the picture that begins with the letter I say.
Yes No
1. House, Cat, Letter. Which word begins with the letter C?____ ____ Pic of Cat
2. Log, Tire, Cat. Which word begins with the letter L?____ ____ Pic of Log
3. Horse, Lamp, Pencil Which word begins with the letter P?
____ ____ Pic of Pencil
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Student Directed Indiv/Small/Whole Group Administration
Yes or No
Multiple Choice Items
Strengths and Weaknesses McMillan Ch 7 pg 172 – 181; 188 – 192
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Binary (Alternative) Choice Items
Similar to multiple choice, but contain only 2 possible responses.
Most popular is True/FalseItems consist of
A stem -containing a declarative statement that sets up
the item 2 options
– containing one correct answer and 1 distractor – Options are the same for each stem within the
set of items
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Binary (Alternative) Choice Items
Examples:
Circle T if the statement is true or F is the statement is False. If the statement is false, correct it to make it True.
T F 1. 9 ÷ 3 = 3
T F 2. 4 ÷ 2 = 4
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Binary (Alternative) Choice Items
Examples:Respond to the following statements by writing True
or False in the blank._____ 1. $3.40 rounded to the nearest dollar is $4.00._____ 2. $8.60 + $4.65=$13.25
Circle if the statement is correct or if the statement is incorrect.
A comma is a pause in a sentence. A period is used at the end of the
sentence.
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Binary (Alternative) Choice Items
26.What process is occurring at D?
Evaporation Condensation
27.What process is occurring at A?
Evaporation Condensation
Base your answers to questions 26 and 27 on the water cycle shown below. Four parts of the water cycle are labeled A, B, C, and D. Circle the correct response.
Binary (Alternative) Choice Items
Examples:For each item, click Fact if the sentence states a
fact. Click on Opinion if it expresses an opinion..1. It’s foolish to drink bottled water when tap water
is perfectly safe. Fact Opinion2. An average human drinks 16,000 gallons of water
in a lifetime.
Fact Opinion
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Teacher Directed Binary Choice Examples for Non-Readers/Writers/Special Needs
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Teacher Directed Indiv/Small Group Administration
Binary ChoiceDirections: Students will respond with a yes/no oral response to the following questions.
Yes No
____ ____ 1. Does Lake rhyme with Rake?
____ ____ 2. Does Cat rhyme with Camp?
____ ____ 3. Does Dog rhyme with Log?
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Student Directed Indiv/Small/Whole Group Administration
Yes or No
1.
2.
Binary (Alternative) Choice Items
Any binary works for these items Ex: Fact/Opinion, Yes/No, Right/Left, Fiction/Non-
Fiction…
Strengths and Weaknesses McMillan Ch 7 pg 181 – 185; 188 – 192
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Matching Items
Used frequently with a single categorical concept Vocabulary term/definition Character/story element/atomic number part to whole relationships (individual words –
contractions)Matching Items consist of 2 lists of items
Stimuli (typically on the left or below) Response (typically on the right or above)
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Matching Items
Example:Write the letter from the “Types of Organisms” box
on the line next to the best choice. Some organism types will be used more than once.
Types of OrganismsA. Consumer B. Decomposer C. Producer
_____ 1. apple tree_____ 2. fox _____ 3. mold_____ 4. mushroom_____ 5. rabbit
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Matching Items
Example:Match the numbers on the left to the nearest 10
rounded numbers on the right. Write your response in the blank. Each number will be used only once
_____1. 38 A. 20_____2. 16 B. 40_____3. 12 C. 10_____4. 65 D. 70_____5. 46 E. 60 F. 50
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Matching Items
Example:Draw a line from the words in column A to the
appropriate contraction in column B. Column A Column B1. can not A. won’t
2. have not B. haven’t
3. did not C. can’t
4. I have D. didn’t
E. I’ve
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Teacher Directed Matching Examples for Non-Readers/Writers/Special
Needs
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Teacher Directed Indiv/Small Group Administration
MatchingDirections: Students will complete items individually using manipulatives.
Yes No
____ ____ 1. Letter B Pic of Boat
____ ____ 2. Letter D Pic of Dog
____ ____ 3. Letter C Pic of Cat
____ ____ 4. Letter A Pic of Apple
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Student Directed Indiv/Small/Whole Group Administration
Matching
1. B
2. C
3. D
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Matching Items
Strengths and Weaknesses McMillan Ch 7 p 186-187; 188 – 192
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Completion Items
Also known as Fill-in-the-Blank
Different from other objective item types as students must provide the response Typically limited to one or two words Word Banks
With = Selected Response Without = Constructed Response
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Completion Items
Example:Fill in the correct word in the blank.
1. Burning a candle produces ____________, and
________________ energy.
2. ________________ energy is produced when a student beats a drum.
3. A toaster changes electrical energy into ____________
energy.
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Completion Items
Example:Fill in the blanks below using words from the word
bank.
saying trees varieties feet McIntosh
doctor thousands fruit seeds blossom
Apples are a type of widely-cultivated ___________ that grows on _______________________. Apple trees grow in cold and temperate areas throughout the world. There are _________ of different ___________ of apples, including Jonathan, _______________, Granny Smith, and Red Delicious.
Apples are a healthy snack; there is an old__________, "An apple a day keeps the _______________ away."
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Completion Items
Example:Record your answer to each of the items below
in the large blanks on the left. Write Neatly. _____1. The number 36 rounded to the nearest 10 is
_?_ . _____2. $10.40 + $7.93= _?_. _____3. 5408 rounded to the nearest hundred is _?_.
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Completion Items
Teacher Directed Example:
Begins with .
Begins with .
Completion Items
Strengths and Weaknesses McMillan Ch 8 pg 198 – 200; 188 – 192
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