NOUNS

What is a noun?

What is a noun?A noun is a word we use to name people,

places and things.

There are six kinds of noun in English

There are six kinds of noun in English

Common nouns:dog,man,table.

There are six kinds of noun in EnglishCommon nouns:dog,man,table.

Proper nouns:

France,Madrid,Tom.

There are six kinds of noun in EnglishCommon nouns:dog,man,table.Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.

Abstract nouns:

beauty,charity,courage,

fear.

There are six kinds of noun in EnglishCommon nouns:dog,man,table.Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear.

Concrete nouns:

school,car,computer.

There are six kinds of noun in EnglishCommon nouns:dog,man,table.Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear.Concrete nouns:school,car,computer.

Collective nouns:crowd,group,team,family.

There are six kinds of noun in EnglishCommon nouns:dog,man,table.Proper nouns:France,Madrid,Tom.Abstract nouns:beauty,charity,courage,fear.Concrete nouns:school,car,computer.Collective nouns:crowd,group,team,family.

Compound nouns:boy-friend,travel agent,Picture frame,grasshopper.

.

Nouns can be countable or uncountable

COUNTABLE NOUNS

Countable nouns are,for example:

dog,umbrella,girl,job.

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.

Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an.

Do you need an umbrella?

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an. Do you need an umbrella?

You cannot use singular countable nouns alone.(without a/an/the/my/this,etc.)

Countable nouns are,for example:dog,umbrella,girl,job.Countable nouns are things we can count.We can make them plural.two dogs,six umbrellas,some girls.

Before singular countable nouns you can use a/an. Do you need an umbrella?

You cannot use singular countable nouns alone.(without a/an/the/my/this,etc.)

I am looking for a job.Look at the dog!

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

UNCOUNTABLE NOUNSUncountable nouns are things we cannot count.They have no plural.

You cannot say musics or bloods.

Uncountable nouns are,for example:

gold,blood,music,excitement.

Many nouns can be used as countable or uncountable nouns.Usually there is a difference.

For example;I bought a paper.(a newspaper)I bought some paper.There is a hair in my soup!

( a single hair)She has beautiful hair.

SOME UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS gold,music,blood,paper,hair,advice, bread,cheese,milk,coffee,tea,behavier, chaos, courage, dirt, evidence, fun, furniture, harm, health, homework, information, luck,luggage, money, mud, news, nonsense, pay, permission,poetry, pollution, progress, research, sunshine, travel,weather,work,sand,ice,oil,dust,soap,stone,wood,wine,water,.

SINGULAR OR PLURAL?

We use some nouns only in the plural:

For example:police,clothes

pyjamas

You can also use a pair of … with these words.

PLURAL NOUNS

FINAL –S OR -ES

PLURAL NOUNSNOUN + -S: Friends are important. NOUN + -ES: I like my classes.A final -s or -es is added to a noun to make

the noun plural.

PLURAL NOUNSSong songs

PLURAL NOUNSSong songs

The plural of most nouns is formed by adding final -s.

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brush

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brushes

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brusheschurch

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brusheschurches

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brusheschurchesbus

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brusheschurchesbuses

Box boxesFinal -es is added to nouns that end in -sh, -ch, -s,

-z, -x,-o

brusheschurchesbusesBut words of foreign origin or abreviated words

ending in oadd –s onlyphotos pianos kilos kimonos

Nouns endin in Y following a consonant formtheir plural by dropping Y and adding ies.baby babieslady ladiescountry countries

Nouns endin in Y following a vowel formtheir plural by adding s.boy boysday daysdonkey donkeys

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wives

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolves

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knives

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knivesloaf

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knivesloaf loaves

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knivesloaf loavesleaf

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knivesloaf loavesleaf leaves

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knivesloaf loavesleaf leavesself

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknife knivesloaf loavesleaf leavesself selves

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknifeknivesloaf loavesleaf leavesself selvesshelf

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknifeknivesloaf loavesleaf leavesself selvesshelfshelves

Some nouns(twelve) ending f or fe drop the f or fe and add ves.

wife wiveswolf wolvesknifeknivesloaf loavesleaf leavesself selvesshelfshelves

calf half thief life sheaf

Scarf scarfs or scarves

Other words add s in the ordinary wayHandkerchief HandkerchiefsCliff CliffsSafe safes

Collective nouns can take a singular or plural verb:

The jury is considering its verdict.The jury are considering their verdict.

IRREGULAR PLURALSFoot feetMouse miceWoman womenMan menGoose geeseTooth teeth

PRONUNCIATION OF –S,-ES

Voiceless sounds are made by pushing air through your mouth; no sound comes from your throat.

Examples of voiceless sounds: "k," "p," “t“,”f”.

Voiced sounds come from your throat. If you touch your neck when you make a voiced sound, you can feel your voice box vibrate. Examples of voiced sounds: “l,“ "v," "n," "b," and all vowel sounds.