NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, FloridaNENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Local PSAP IP Network Infrastructure and NG9-1-1

Michael Smith, DSS

Nate Wilcox, Emergicom

Jim Lockard, ENP, Consultant

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

What we’ll cover

Network Requirements

Common for any ESInet

Special PSAP Requirements

Things that will drive a PSAP

network design

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

What is an ESInet?

Just the network

Not the NG9-1-1 Core Services

Includes hardware and software

Designed to support the NG9-1-1 Core

Services and Other Public Safety

Applications

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Is a PSAP network just another ESInet?

Yes!

And, of course, no!

It’s an ESInet with a few additional

requirements

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

What major factors drive PSAP network design?

The applications, services, and

interfaces it must support

The critical nature of 9-1-1 itself

Policies

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

PSAP Virtualization and network design

Elements of a PSAP could be

anywhere

But the design drivers remain the

same

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

The i3 solution

The i3 solution: NENA 08-003 (STA-

010)

NG9-1-1 Core Services

A PSAP is a Service itself

The i3 specifications drive network

requirements common to PSAP

networks

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

The i3 solution

ALI – Automatic Location Identification PSAP – Public Safety Answering PointECRF – Emergency Call Routing Function BCF – Border Control Function ESRP – Emergency Services Routing Proxy ESInet– Emergency Services IP Network

ALI Interface

i3 CompliantOriginatingNetwork

i3 ESInet

Legacy PSAP Gateway

Legacy NetworkGateway

ESRP

Legacy PSAP

BCF

i3 PSAPB

CFESRP

ECRF

MF/E-MF/DTMF

SIP

SIP

SIP

LegacyOriginatingNetwork

SIP

MF/SS7

LoST LoST

SIP

ECRF

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Is a Domain really required?

Yes!

Why can’t I just have a “peer” or

“workgroup” style network?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

What other common infrastructure is required?

For managing and monitoring

For protecting and securing

For reliability and availability

For ensuring quality of service

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Security for Next-Generation 9-1-1

Security for Next-Generation 9-1-1

(NG-SEC)

Security is driver for network design

PSAPs must not be the weak link

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Emergency Services IP Network Design for NG9-1-1

A NENA Informational document

Outlines issues to consider

Provides guidance for design

Applies to all ESInets

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Emergency Services IP Network Design for NG9-1-1

OSI Layers 1, 2 and 3

Availability and Reliability

Network Security

Performance

Traffic Engineering and more…

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Supporting PSAP interfaces to the serving ESInet

Application Interfaces drive some

underlying network requirements

SIP Call Interface

Additional Data

Management and Monitoring

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Performance requirements

Bandwidth requirements

Media and Metadata

Event and Media Recording

Traffic Prioritization

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Availability and Reliability

What is “five nines”?

How do you achieve five nines?

What’s the difference between

Availability and Reliability?

MTBF and MTTR

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Network Management and Monitoring

ESInets must be monitored

Mechanisms for monitoring:

SNMP – v3 vs. v2

Traffic Monitoring

Syslog – what it does

Proprietary mechanisms

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Network Management and Monitoring

Mechanisms for Managing ESInets

As-built documentation

Service Level Agreements

Traffic

Capacity / Trending Analysis

Configuration Management

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

PSAP Connectivity (OSI Layer 1)

The Last Mile

Copper, Fiber, RF, Satellite

Reliability and Availability

Redundant and Diverse Paths

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

The data link layer (OSI Layer 2)

T1/T3

Frame Relay

ATM

MPLS

Metro Ethernet

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

The IP Layer (OSI Layer 3)

Dynamic Routing Protocols

There are choices

OSPF, EIGRP, etc.

The choices drive design requirements

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4 is what we’ve seen for years:

179.166.10.1

We’ve run out of public addresses

IPv6 allows for more addresses:

2001:0db8:85a3:0042:1000:8a2e:0370:7

334

Build for IPv6 out of the box

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Traffic Engineering

Study your bandwidth requirements

Media consumes a lot – video and

audio the most

Text consumes less, but is still

significant

Bandwidth and DDOS attacks

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Quality of Service

What is QoS

Why do we need it

What design criteria does it drive?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Prioritizing network traffic

What is “DiffServ”?

Why does the i3 architecture require

it?

What elements must support it?

How does that drive network

design?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

What’s special about a PSAP network?

The PSAP network has the same

basic requirements as any ESInet –

it is an ESInet

But it has a few additional ones,

driven by the job a PSAP does

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

What’s special about a PSAP network?

The PSAP will likely be connected to other

networks that require different, and possibly

conflicting network policies

Data services drive these policies (NCIC, LEO

DB)

How do we mediate these?

And mitigate risks to disparate networks?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Policy impact on network design, and vice-versa

How do your policy choices impact

the network you design?

How will your network design

impact your policy choices?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

The “separate networks” issue

Why do vendors sometimes insist

on a separate physical network for

their applications?

Why does it matter?

Why is that a problem in NG9-1-1?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Interconnection to other networks

Connecting to certain data services

like NLETS and LEO carry restrictive

security requirements

Connecting to less-secure networks

introduce additional risks

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

The “Internet”

Both the PSAP and the ESInet that

provides NG Core Services to it will

likely be connected to the Internet

Why?

What special design problems does

this introduce?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Local “Administrative” networks

Most PSAP will be connected to one

or more “Administrative” networks

Examples?

How does this impact network

design?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Questions, Comments?

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, FloridaNENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

This Is How a Title Slide LooksChris Nussman, Comms DirectorNENA: The 9-1-1 Association

NENA Development Conference | October 2014 | Orlando, Florida

Successful Slides & Presentations

Bullets, not paragraphs

Keep the type big so those in the back

of the room don’t have to squint

Clip art is not OK

Don’t read from slides; ask

questions